By these petitions U/S 482, CrPC, petitioners request for quashing of Criminal Case No. 498/95, pending in the Court of MFC, Bhopal.

Petitioners are publishers and booksellers. In respect of model question and answers said to have been published and sold by petitioner, Secretary, Board of Secondary Education, Madhya Pradesh on 14.10.1994, lodged a report with Maharanapratap Nagar Police Station alleging that the petitioners have committed offence by infringing the copyright in a work which consisted of a book on model question and answers published by it. It was further alleged that the aforesaid publication of the petitioners was without permission or consent of the Board. On the report aforesaid, offence u/s 63 of the Copyright Act, 1957 has been registered and petitioners have been charge-sheeted. Arising out of this, they are facing trial in Criminal Case No. 498/95 before the MFC, Bhopal. On appearance, petitioners contended that there has been no infringement of copyright as such they be discharged for an offence u/s 63 of the Copyright Act. However, the MFC proceeded with the framing of charges against the petitioner. Criminal Revisions No. 88/96, 89/96 were accordingly preferred by petitioner B.K. Dani and Oswal Book Agency before VII ASJ. However, vide order dated 31.8.1996, the aforesaid criminal revisions were dismissed. It has been contended that the respondent Board of Secondary Education, Bhopal, in the absence of registration of copyright, cannot claim infringement. Even according to the charge-sheet, the publications of the petitioners were in fact never compared with the model questions and answers as have been published by the Board.

Admittedly, in respect of the publication of the Board, there had been no registration of copyright u/s 45 of the Copyright Act, 1957. A Division Bench of this Court in M/s Mishra Bandhu Karyalaya v. Shivratanlal Koshal [1970 JLJ 723 = AIR 1970 MP 261] held:

"There was no provision for registration of copyright under the 1914 Act. A person had an inherent copyright in an original composition or compilation without registering it. AIR 1927 Mad 981. Rel. on.

Under the Act of 1957, the registration of the book with the Registrar of Copyrights is a condition for acquiring copyright with respect to it. A copyright in a book now is secured only if it is an original compilation and has been duly registered according to provisions of 1957 Act. Once it is so registered, the author is deemed to acquire property right in it. The right arising from the registration of the book can be the subject-matter of civil or criminal remedy, so that, without it the author can have no rights nor remedies though his work may be original one."

A Single Bench of this Court in Shiv Lal Agarwal & Co., Publishers, Indore v. State of M.P. in MCrC No. 4765/96 also held that registration of copyright is a condition for acquiring copyright in a book. Therefore, in the absence of registration, the respondent Board of Secondary Education, M.P., Bhopal, never acquired copyright in respect of model question and answers said to have been published by it.

In the instant case, as has been pointed out even according to the "charge-sheet filed, the publication of the petitioners were in fact never compared with the publication of the Board and therefore, there was no basis to allege and infer that there was deceptive similarity between the two publications. In the circumstances, there appears to be no legal basis to frame a charge for infringement of the copyright u/s 63 of the Copyright Act, 1957 against the petitioners. Thus, from the allegations as levelled and documents taken at their face value, there being no material to support the charge against the petitioners, it would be clearly an abuse of the process of Court to permit the case to proceed further. So far as the petitioners are concerned, the allegation of breach of copyright was misconceived.

Accordingly, petitions u/s