Plaintiffs have the exclusive right to control proceedings as dominus litis; intervention against their will is impermissible.

ORAL JUDGMENT

1. Heard Mr J. A. Lobo, learned counsel for the Petitioner.

2. Mr Lobo points out that the Respondents have been served, but today, there is no appearance on behalf of the Respondents. Mr. Lobo points out that on 31.07.2019, Respondent No.1 was personally present and had sought time to engage an Advocate. This is reflected in the order dated 31.07.2019. The office endorsement shows that no Vakalatnama was filed by any Advocate on behalf of Respondent No.1.

3. By order dated 19.06.2019, this Court had issued notice to the Respondents for final disposal. Accordingly, the petition is taken up for final disposal.

4. Rule. The rule is made returnable forthwith.

5. The Petitioner is the plaintiff in Regular Civil Suit No.25/2018/B. In this suit, the Petitioner had applied for relief of injunction to restrain Respondent Nos. 1, 2, and 3 from interfering with the suit house.

6. Respondent No.4, the estranged wife of the Petitioner, filed an application seeking intervention/impleadment (Exhibit D-9). In this application, Respondent No.4 claimed to be in possession of the suit house. Further, it was under her authorization that Respondent Nos. 1, 2, and 3 had a right to come into the suit house. The Petitioner does not accept this position.

7. The trial Court, by the impugned order dated 28.02.2019, has allowed this application by giving the following reasons:-

"REASONS

5. Order 1 Rule 10(2) of CPC provides for the adding of the parties in the suit. In the instant case it is admittedly that the possession of the suit premises is with the intervener and hence the intervener is the proper and necessary party to be joined in the instant suit.

6. No prejudice will be caused to the plaintiff if the Intervener is allowed to be added as Defendant No.3.

7. Moreover, without the intervener being added as part to the present proceedings the matter cannot be adjudicated in true sense as the possession is with the intervener in the instant case.

8. In view of above and in the interest, I am inclined to pass the following:"

8. Mr Lobo, learned counsel for the Petitioner, submits that the Petitioner is the plaintiff, is dominus litis. He submits that Respondent No.4 is neither necessary nor a proper party, and the Petitioner cannot be forced to implead Respondent No.4. He submits that the contention about the Respondent No.4 being in possession of the suit house is incorrect. He submits that the Petitioner only has a grievance against Respondent Nos. 1, 2, and 3. He submits that nothing in the suit will apply to Respondent No.4. He submits that if Respondent No.4 has any grievance or cause of action against the Petitioner, then it is for her to take out independent proceedings but not insist upon the intervention or modification in this suit which is for permanent injunction simpliciter. He relies on Sudhamayee Pattnaik and others Vs Bibhu Prasad Sahoo and others, 2022 SCC OnLine SC 1234

9. Having considered Mr Lobo's submissions and perused the material on record, I agree with Mr Lobo that Respondent No.4's application for intervention/modification should not have been allowed. Reasons for this are indicated hereafter.

10. As noted earlier, the Petitioner's suit is for injunction simpliciter against Respondent Nos. 1, 2, and 3. Therefore, these Respondents must take appropriate defences as may be available in facts and in law. It is open to them to contend that Respondent No.4 is in possession of the suit house and that they are entitled to enter the suit house under her authorization. They may be entitled to call Respondent No.4 as a