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2016 Supreme(Online)(Bom) 24

BOMBAY HIGH COURT
S.B. Shukre, J
Harish Nemichandji Khajanchi v. State of Maharashtra and Another
Criminal Application No. 99 of 2010



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr. M.P. Khajanchi
For the Respondents: Mr. A.P. Kadu, Mrs. Vijaya P. Thakare

Criminal proceedings cannot be initiated without prima facie evidence of an offence; retaliatory and frivolous complaints abuse judicial process.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 482 - Application to quash criminal proceedings - The applicant seeks quashing of Criminal Complaint Case No. 99 of 2010 filed for multiple IPC offences - The applicant contended that the allegations lack substance and disclose no offence - The Magistrate issued process without sufficient evidence against the applicant - The Court found that civil dispute exists and the complaint is likely an abuse of process. (Paras 13, 16)

(B) Encroachment and Malicious Prosecution - Filing of criminal complaint in retaliation to civil complaints - The applicant's complaint regarding encroachment led to municipal action which then resulted in a criminal complaint by respondent No. 2 - Court emphasized that criminal law cannot be set into motion merely as a retaliatory measure. (Paras 10, 14)

Facts of the case:
The applicant, accused of multiple offences following a complaint by Respondent No. 2, argued that the complaint was a retaliatory action stemming from his prior complaints of encroachment against the latter. Respondent No. 2 had previously filed a civil suit regarding the same subject matter.

Findings of Court:
The Court determined the complaint against the applicant was frivolous and constituted an abuse of process. The only evidence suggested the applicant assisted in lawful municipal action for encroachment removal.

Issues: The main issues revolves around whether the applicant committed any of the alleged offences in the criminal complaint and the propriety of the Magistrate's order in issuing process against the applicant without prima facie evidence.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court ruled that the allegations contained in the complaint do not make out any case against the applicant, indicating that criminal proceedings must not proceed where no offence is disclosed. The issuance of process by the Magistrate was found to lack proper scrutiny of evidence.

Result: Criminal proceedings quashed against the applicant.

Table of Content
1. complaint filed regarding encroachment and application for relief. (Para 1 , 2)
2. arguments concerning mala fide intentions behind the complaint. (Para 3 , 5 , 6)
3. court's observations on procedural irregularities and abuse of process. (Para 8 , 10 , 12 , 16)

1. By the present application filed under S.482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the applicant (Original accused No. 13) in Criminal Complaint Case No. 99 of 2010 filed by respondent No. 2 for the offences punishable under S.447, S.448, S.454, S.147, S.148, S.149 and S.427 of Indian Penal Code , seeks the following reliefs :
' (a) to quash the Criminal Complaint Case No. 99 of 2010 (Goverdhan v. Deepak & others) dated 5th October, 2010 (Doct. No.5) filed by the respondent No.2 against the applicant before learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, Gadchiroli;
(b) quash and set aside the impugned order dated 20th November, 2010 (Doct. No. 9) passed by learned Chef Judicial Magistrate, Gadchiroli, in Criminal Complaint Case No. 99 of 2010 (Goverdhan v. Deepak & others).'


2. Brief facts as averred by the applicant leading to filing of the present application are as follows:
The applicant had purchased land bearing survey No. 2 at Mauje Devapur, Talathi Saza No. 15, Murkhala, Gadchiroli, Taluka and District Gadchiroli, vide registered Sale Deed dated 13th June, 1985 from one Laxman Karu Shende. The applicant got the layout plan sanctioned and land diverted after sub-division. The measurements and demarcations have been carried out repeatedly. In 2000-01, the applicant handed over the layout roads of duly developed Survey Nos. 2/1 and 2/2, which are adjacent to Survey No.3/4, claimed to be owned by respondent No.2, to Municipal Council, Gadchiroli. Accordingly, 0.15.78 HR land of Survey No. 2/1 and 0.11.78 HR land of Survey No. 2/2 of the said layouts has been mutated in the name of Municipal Council, Gadchiroli, for maintenance and repairs. The applicant found that the respondent No.2 has closed the layout road, which was handed over to Municipal Council, Gadchiroli, by making an encroachment thereon and so also the respondent No. 2 did not make a construction as per the sanctioned layout plan. This caused prejudice and irreparable loss to the applicant, who owns and possesses layout plots in survey Nos. 2/1 and 2/2. The applicant brought the said fact of encroachment on Municipal road to the notice of authorities concerned including the Municipal Council, Gadchiroli. In December, 2006, in the 'Lokshahi Day' organized at the Collectorate, Gadchiroli, the applicant complained of encroachment made by respondent No.2. Thereafter, on 4th January, 2006, the applicant again made a complaint in respect of the said encroachment to the Collector, Gadchiroli, also. In the 'Lokshahi Day' organized on December, 2008 also, the applicant made a similar complaint. Since 4th January, 2006, the applicant pursued the matter with all the authorities concerned by bringing to their notice the illegal act of encroachment committed by the respondent No. 2 and to remove the same. By letter dated 7th May, 2010, the Collector, Gadchiroli, directed the Chief Officer of Gadchiroli Municipal Council to act on the complaints made by the applicant and to remove the encroachment of respondent No. 2 herein. In the said letter, the Collector observed about the lack of attention by the officials of the Municipal Council to the issue of encroachment. Accordingly on 28th May, 2010 the Municipal Council cleared some portion of encroachment of respondent No.2, and asked the respondent No.2 to remove the remaining encroachment of his own accord within seven days from 28th May, 2010. On 15th July, 2010, the Regional Director of Municipal Administration, Nagpur, sent a letter to the Chief Officer of the Municipal Council calling his explanation as to why the
(a) remaining encroachment was not removed by the Municipal Council and;
(b) respondent No. 2 was asked to clear the encroachment of his own accord.
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