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2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 951

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
Shri Krishna, Member (A), Umesh Gajankush, Member (J)
Durgaprasad Harnarayan Tiwari – Appellant
Versus
Union of India through The Secretary, Ministry of Communications – Respondent
ORIGINAL APPLICATION No.656/2018



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Ms. Priyanka Mehndiratta
For the Respondents: Shri N.K. Rajpurohit

Employees are not entitled to back wages for notional promotions without actual performance of duties on respective posts.

Headnote:(A) Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 - Section 19 - Back wages - The applicants claimed arrears based on promotions granted notionally but denied actual payment as they did not assume duties on respective posts. The Tribunal scrutinized their claim, emphasizing the principle of FR 17 regarding actual discharge of duties. The precedents indicate that back wages are not entitled to employees who have not worked on promoted posts, irrespective of junior employees being awarded such dues incorrectly. (Paras 11, 12, 13, 14)

(B) Principle of Equal Pay for Equal Work - The principle ensures service equality but underlines that promotions cannot yield arrears without assuming the respective duties. Case law supports that entitlement arises from actual service rendered, condemning arbitrary payment without duties performed. (Para 5.1)

Facts of the case:
The applicants, having served in the Postal Department, were granted notional promotions without actual postings and claimed arrears based on supposed discrimination. They alleged that a junior staff was awarded similar dues without performing duties on that post.

Findings of Court:
The Tribunal found substantial discrepancies in granting arrears for notional promotions, rejected claims based on lack of actual service, and referenced earlier judgments affirming non-entitlement for notional promotions without duties.

Issues: Whether promotional arrears can be granted despite not assuming duties on the promoted posts was central to the application. The applicability of equality in promotion benefits was tested against statutory guidelines.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reasserted that promotions require fulfillment of duties for arrears entitlement, dismissing claims based on misplaced comparisons with junior staff who lacked valid service. Each case must stand on its own merit per law. The principle from equal pay adjudications was reiterated, emphasizing promotion norms under employee performance.

Result: The application dismissed with no costs.

Table of Content
1. the applicants filed for promotion-related arrears. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. submissions regarding promotion procedures and denials. (Para 4)
3. court reiterated laws pertaining to arrears under promotions. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)

ORDER

Per: Mr. Shri Krishna, Member (A)

The applicants have filed this Original Application under Section 19 of the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 seeking the following reliefs:

(a) This Hon’ble Tribunal may graciously be pleased to call for the records of the case from the respondents and after examining the same quash and set aside the impugned orders dated 07.12.2017 and 12.12.2017 (Annexure A-1 and Annexure A-2) and orders dated 19.05.2017 (Annexure A-3 to Annexure A-5) to the extent of non grant of arrears to the applicant, with consequential benefits.

(b) This Hon’ble Tribunal may further be pleased to direct the respondents to allow all consequential benefits against all the three promotion orders issued on 19.05.2017 (A-3, A-4 & A-5) to both the applicants along with penal interest.

b(i) The Hon’ble Tribunal may be pleased to direct the respondents to grant arrears and allow the applicant No.2 to draw the consequential benefits attached to his three promotions, posthumously and give consequential benefits, monetary or otherwise; including re-fixation of pension accordingly.

(c)Any other and further order as this Hon’ble Tribunal deems fit in the nature and circumstances of the case be passed.

(d) Cost of the application be provided for.”

2. During the pendency of the OA, the applicant No.2 has died. His legal representatives are now brought on record as MA was allowed by this Tribunal vide order dated 03.03.2023 as Applicant Nos.1 and 2.

3. Brief facts of the case, as stated in the OA, are that the applicant No.1 joined the Postal Department on 17.11.1982 and qualified the examination of Accountant in the year 1989. Late applicant No.2 joined the department on 04.12.1979 and qualified the examination of Accountant in the year 1987. Both of them were working in Accountant cadre till 19.05.2017. Both of them were promoted on 03.05.2017 as per the orders issued by the respondent No.2, to the following different cadres consequent upon review/supplementary DPC held on 03.05.217:-

(a) to LSG (NB) cadre on merit as per recruitment Rules of 1976 w.e.f. 03.01.1997, vide order NO.STA/9-19/LSG (NB)/Postal Unit/Review DPC/2015 dated 19.05.2017.

(b) to HSG II(NB) cadre on merit as per recruitment rules of 1976 w.e.f.01.01.2004 vide order No.STA/9-19/HSG II(NB)/Postal Unit/Review DPC/2015 dated 19.05.2017.

(c)to HSG I (NB) cadre on merit as per recruitment rules of 1976 w.e.f. 01.01.2004 vide order No.STA/9-19/HSG I(NB)/Postal Unit/Review DPC/2015 dated 19.05.2017.

3.1 It has been submitted that in seniority Shri S.J. Sail is junior to the applicants. His name appears in the seniority list at serial No.34 whereas the name of the first applicant appears at serial No.33 and that of the deceased applicant No.2 appears at serial No.10. This shows that Shri S.J. Sail is junior to the applicants. Some Accountants working in the Postal Department in Maharashtra Circle including Shri S.J. Sail filed Original Applications before this Tribunal for consideration of their promotion as per Recruitment Rules, 1976 in LSG(NB), HSG II(NB) and HSG I(NB) cadres. This Tribunal by a common order dated 25.02.2002 passed in OA Nos.225/95, 991/97, 718/97, 1001/97 and 497/2001 allowed the OAs and directed ‘to consider the case of applicant on merit under statutory Rules of 1976 by holding a review DPC and if found suitable he should be promoted from the date of his immediate junior was promoted with all consequential benefits.’ The above orders of this Tribunal were contested by the respondents before the Hon’ble High Court but later on the petition was withdrawn unconditionally on 28.01.2015. After this unconditional withdrawal, the orders of this Tribunal were implemented by the respondents by promoting the juniors t

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