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2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 1319

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
LATA BASWARAJ PATNE, Judicial Member, VARUN SINDHU KUL KAUMUDI, Administrative Member
A Venkataiah – Appellant
Versus
Union of India – Respondent
ORIGINAL APPLICATION NO.020/443/2022



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: B Gurudas
For the Respondents: Megha Rani Agarwal

Criminal acquittal on benefit of doubt does not bar or nullify departmental disciplinary action, which follows preponderance of probability standard; Tribunal cannot interfere with punishment unless perverse or grossly disproportionate.

Headnote:(A) Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 - Section 19 - GDS (Conduct & Engagement) Rules, 2011 - Rules 10, 12, 18, 21 - Disciplinary proceedings against Grameen Dak Sevak - Failure to report frauds and alleged receipt of hush money - Acquittal in criminal case on benefit of doubt - Departmental proceedings independent, governed by preponderance of probability standard, not proof beyond reasonable doubt - Acquittal on technical grounds or benefit of doubt does not nullify departmental penalty - DoPT OM No.11012/6/2007-Estt(A-III) dated 21.07.2016 - Enhancement of penalty from reduction in pay to removal from engagement upheld as commensurate with gravity of misconduct involving huge embezzlement - No interference by Tribunal unless punishment shocks conscience or is perverse. (Paras 7, 9, 10, 11, 12)

(B) Disciplinary proceedings - Scope of judicial review - Tribunal cannot re-appreciate evidence or substitute its view on quantum of punishment - Interference only if findings perverse, based on no evidence, or punishment grossly disproportionate - Standard of proof is preponderance of probability; criminal acquittal does not bar departmental action. (Paras 10)

Facts of the case:
Grameen Dak Sevak Packer placed under put-off duty for contemplated disciplinary action after fraud of approx. Rs.4.60 crore by Sub Post Master at Town Sub Office came to light. Charged with knowledge of frauds, failure to report, and receiving hush money. Charge sheet issued under GDS Rules. Inquiry held charges proved. Disciplinary Authority imposed reduction in pay by six stages for four years with cumulative effect. Appellate Authority enhanced to removal from engagement. Applicant acquitted in parallel CBI criminal case on benefit of doubt. Representation for reinstatement post-acquittal rejected citing different standards of proof. Original Application filed challenging removal orders.

Findings of Court:
Departmental inquiry followed due procedure with adequate opportunities. Charges proved by preponderance of probability based on oral and documentary evidence. Criminal acquittal on benefit of doubt has no bearing on departmental findings. Penalty of removal justified given gravity of misconduct enabling huge public loss. No perversity warranting interference.

Issues: Whether departmental penalty sustainable post criminal acquittal on benefit of doubt; proportionality of enhanced punishment of removal; compliance with natural justice in inquiry process.

Ratio Decidendi: Acquittal in criminal proceedings by benefit of doubt does not entitle employee to departmental exoneration or reinstatement, as disciplinary enquiries operate on preponderance of probability standard distinct from criminal proof beyond reasonable doubt. Tribunals cannot interfere with punishment unless shocking conscience or perverse.

Result: Original Application dismissed. No interference with removal from engagement.

Table of Content
1. applicant challenges removal from service post-cbi acquittal. (Para 1 , 2)
2. procedural violations and delay in departmental proceedings alleged. (Para 3)
3. applicant's acquittal requires setting aside departmental penalty. (Para 4)
4. punishment disproportionate to alleged misconduct. (Para 5)
5. fraud details and applicant's alleged complicity. (Para 6)
6. departmental proceedings independent of criminal acquittal. (Para 7)
7. proper procedure followed; punishment proportionate. (Para 8 , 9)
8. limited judicial review in disciplinary matters. (Para 10 , 11)
9. oa dismissed; no interference warranted. (Para 12)

O R D E R

PER: HON’BLE MR. VARUN SINDHU KUL KAUMUDI, ADMINISTRATIVE MEMBER

1. The present Original Application has been filed by the applicant under Section 19 of the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985, seeking the following relief:

“....to call for the records pertaining to the following impugned orders.

1. Memo No.F.IV/1/AV/College Road dated 2.7.2019 (Annexure-VII)

2. Memo No.F.IV/01/AV/College Road TSO dated 14.6.2022 (Annexure-X)

and declare the same as illegal, arbitrary, contrary to the rules and instructions prescribed and in violation of the provisions of the Constitution contained in Articles 14 and 21 and set-aside and quash the said illegal punishment with consequential direction to the respondents to reinstate the applicant into service with all service benefits and pass such other order or orders as deemed fit and proper in the facts and circumstances of the case and in the interest of justice.”

2. Facts of the case, as submitted by the applicant, are given in brief below:

i. The applicant was appointed as GDS, Packer, College Road TSO, Proddatur, with effect from 13.8.1983. Despite discharging his duties sincerely, he was suddenly placed under put-off duty w.e.f. 29.05.2013, for contemplated disciplinary proceedings, without furnishing any reasons and without any prima facie case against him. Sri K. Kullayappa, Sub Post Master, College Road TSO, Proddatur, was alleged to have committed frauds in savings bank accounts and the case was reported to the CBI. During the course of investigation, the CBI inquired with the applicant also and filed charge sheet in the CBI court at Hyderabad, in RC No. 10(A)/2013-CBI-Hyderabad, dated 26.09.2014. The applicant was also named as the 4th accused among the four in the CBI case, on the following Charge -

“Investigation revealed that Sri Akkem Venkataiah (A-4) did not inform the higher officials regarding fraudulent withdrawal of money from various fictitious Time Deposit accounts and Monthly Income Scheme Accounts with the help of false/fake vouchers in respect of 45 fictitious Time Deposit accounts (44 one year TD accounts and 01 number of two years TD account) in spite of his knowledge about the same and thereby facilitated the fraud committed by Sri K. Kullayappa which caused wrongful loss to the postal Department. Sri Akkem Venkataiah (A-4) instead of reporting about his knowledge on closure of fictitious accounts and misappropriation by Sri Kullyappa, to the higher officers, Sri A. Venkataiah (A-4) received money of Rs.25,00,000/- from Sri K. Kullayappa (A-1) for not reporting the fraudulent designs and misappropriation done by Sri K. Kullyappa (A-1) with the help of Sri K. Madduleti (A-2). Sri Kullayappa (A-1) revealed during his extra judicial confession before Sri M.V.V.Bhaskara Reddy, Assistant Superintendent of Posts on 28.05.2013 stated that Sri Akkem Venkataiah, received an amount of Rs.25 lakhs for not disclosing about the 45 fictitious Time Deposit Accounts and 14 fictitious Monthly Income Scheme Accounts to the higher authorities. Sri Akkem Venkataiah received Rs.25 Lakhs from Sri K. Kullayappa during 2007 to 2011 for not disclosing the fraud/misappropriation committed in respect of various fictitious Time Deposit accounts and Monthly Income Scheme Accounts at College Road Town Sub Post Office, Proddatur as quid pro quo. Thereby Sri A. Venkataiah (A-4

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