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2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 2770

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
Sudhi Ranjan Mishra, Judicial Member, Pramod Kumar Das, Administrative Member
Sanjay Kumar Behera – Appellant
Versus
Union of India – Respondent
O.A.No. 260/00012 of 2025



Advocates:
For the applicant: M/s J.M.Pattnaik, J.R.Behera
For the respondents: Mr. B.R.Swain, RAVI KUMAR

Long-serving casual employees performing perennial duties entitled to regularization with benefits despite irregular initial engagement, to ensure equality with comparators and prevent discrimination under Articles 14/16.

Headnote:(A) Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 - Section 14 & 19 - Constitution of India - Articles 14, 16 - Service Law - Regularization of casual/daily wage employees - Casual employee engaged initially from 07.07.1996 till February 1998 and continuously from 07.01.2003 till date (over 24 years) - Not regularized unlike 18 similarly placed casual workers regularized w.e.f. 10.04.2006 and 64 others retrospectively w.e.f. 22.01.2010 - Tribunal has jurisdiction to entertain OA by casual workers seeking regularization as clarified by Apex Court - Initial engagement not against sanctioned post or through selection process does not bar regularization where service is long, continuous, and work perennial - Doctrine of equality mandates similar treatment to identically situated employees - Non-regularization despite comparator regularizations violates Articles 14 & 16 - Entitled to regularization with consequential service/financial benefits from date of comparators' regularization. (Paras 1-11)

(B) Service Law - Regularization - Umadevi (supra) distinguished - Does not bar regularization of irregular/long-term engagements performing perennial duties - Subsequent outsourcing cannot shield denial of regularization - Prolonged ad-hocism, misuse of temporary labels, and discrimination impermissible - Supernumerary posts to be created if needed - Full pay parity, arrears, and benefits from initial continuous service date. (Paras 4-10)

Facts of the case:
Casual worker in government department with over 24 years' service seeks regularization relying on Supreme Court precedents and parity with regularized colleagues, opposed by department on grounds of no civil post status, lack of selection process, and incomplete qualifying service.

Findings of Court:
OA allowed - Directed regularization and benefits strictly per Apex Court law within 90 days.

Issues: Maintainability of OA by casual employee before Tribunal; entitlement to regularization despite irregular initial engagement and comparator regularizations; applicability of precedents distinguishing Umadevi.

Ratio Decidendi: Tribunal overruled objection to jurisdiction per Apex Court; long continuous service on perennial work entitles regularization to prevent discrimination under Articles 14/16; equals must be treated equally; precedents binding in rem.

Result: OA allowed.

Table of Content
1. applicant's 24-year casual service and comparators regularized (Para 1)
2. respondents contest maintainability and regularization eligibility (Para 2)
3. cat jurisdiction upheld for casual employees per keshab deb (Para 3 , 4)
4. regularization mandated despite irregular engagement per dharam singh (Para 5 , 6)
5. supreme court precedents bind for similarly situated employees (Para 7 , 8 , 10)
6. applicant regularized with benefits within 90 days (Para 9 , 11)

ORDER

PRAMOD KUMAR DAS, MEMBER (A):

It is not in dispute that the applicant was initially engaged to discharge the duties of the department, on casual basis, from 07.07.1996 till February, 1998 and, thereafter, uninterruptedly from 07.01.2003 till date, i.e. over a period of 24 years, and in the meantime became overaged to seek for any employment in government. Also, the respondents did not dispute the fact that 18 casual workers working in Bhubaneswar Commissionerate were regularized vide order dated 04.03.2011 and 64 similar causal workers working under Lucknow Commissionerate were also regularized vide order No. 130 dated 17.02.2025 retrospectively w.e.f. 22.01.2010. According to the applicant/Ld. Counsel for the applicant, the applicant is also entitled to regularization and all consequential servile and financial benefits retrospectively as per the decision of the Hon’ble Apex Court in the cases of Jaggo Vrs. Union of India and Others, 2024 SCC OnLine SC 3826, Dharam Singh & Others Vs. State of U.P & Another, (Civil Appeal No.8558 of 2018, disposed of on 19.08.2025), Shripal and Anr. vrs. Nagar Nigam, Ghaziabad, 2025 SCC OnLine SC 221, Bhola Nath Vs State of Jharkhand and Ors, 2026 SCC Online SC 129, Pawan Kumar Vs Union of India, 2026 INSC 156, and Full Bench of this Tribunal in OA No. 654/2015 dated 10.02.2026 in the case of Manoranjan Naik & Ors Vs UOI & Ors., in order to remove the injustice caused to him by way of discrimination, which is in violation of Article 14 and 16 of the Constitution of India.

2. The respondents have filed their counter opposing and contesting the case of the applicant on the grounds that since the applicant is not a holder of civil post, OA filed by causal/daily wage employee before the Central Administrative Tribunal seeking direction to the respondents to regularize is not maintainable as held by the Hon’ble High Curt of Orissa in W.P(C) No. 4601/2003 in the case of Bhaskar Dora Vs UOI & Ors. The present case being one and the same, therefore, this Bench lacks jurisdiction to entertain this OA and this OA is liable to be dismissed on this ground. The applicant was not engaged through any process of selection or his engagement was again any sanctioned post. The applicant was engaged on casual basis from 07.07.1996 till February, 1998 and thereafter continuously from 07.01.2003 and, thus, he did not complete 10 years of continuous engagement as on 10.04.2006 for which he was not regularized along with 18 causal labourers, who were regularized having completed 10 years continuous engagement on casual basis as on 10.04.2006 as per the order of the competent authority issued in compliance of the decision of the Hon’ble Apex Court in the case of Secretary, State of Karnataka Vs Uma Devi, (2006) 4 SCC 1. The engagement of the applicant was purely temporary in nature on payment of wages @ applicable from time to time. Thus, consistence performance over certain length of time does not confer any right on him to claim regularization. It is stated that the decision of the Hon’ble Apex Court in the case of Jaggo (supra) has no application since the facts involved in the said case is different and distinguished to the case in hand.

3. After giving a thread bearing consideration to the points raised by the parties in course of hearing, we have perused the pleadings taken in the OA, counter, rejoinder so also short note filed by the applicant. We have also gone through the decisions and documents placed by the parties.

4. Since, the respond

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