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2026 Supreme(Online)(CAT) 4218

CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL
M.Swaminathan, Judicial Member, M.L.Srivastava, Administrative Member
P.G. Prabakaran – Appellant
Versus
Union of India – Respondent
O.A 289 of 2025



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: M/s.P.Ayyamperumal
For the Respondents: Mr.S.M.Deenadayalan

Inspectors/Superintendents entitled to notional revised pay scales w.e.f. 01.01.1996 and actual benefits from 21.04.2004 on parity grounds; prior judgments in rem apply to similarly situated employees despite delay.

Headnote:(A) Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 - Section 19 - Central Civil Services (Revised Pay) Rules, 1997 - 5th Central Pay Commission - Pay scales for Inspectors/Preventive Officers/Examiners (Rs.6500-10500) and Superintendents/Appraisers (Rs.7500-12000) - Upgradation effective from 21.04.2004 instead of 01.01.1996 - OA challenging office memoranda and speaking orders - Tribunal sets aside impugned orders to extent they deny notional fixation from 01.01.1996 - Directions issued for notional pay fixation w.e.f. 01.01.1996 and actual monetary benefits from 21.04.2004 with consequential benefits including pension - Special Anomaly Committee recommendations and parity with similarly situated employees upheld - Judgments in rem applicable to all similarly placed - Delay and laches rejected as pay fixation recurring cause of action. (Paras 21, 35, 41)

(B) Article 14 of Constitution of India - Equality - Similarly situated employees - Denial of retrospective pay benefits violates equality - Model employer bound to extend benefits uniformly without waiting for litigation - Service jurisprudence mandates similar treatment. (Paras 32, 34)

(C) Limitation - Section 21 of Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 - Fence-sitters - No fresh cause of action from others' judgments - Held inapplicable where anomaly rectification ongoing and recurring pay/pension fixation. (Paras 30-31)

Facts of the case:
Applicants, Inspectors/Superintendents in Central Excise/Customs, joined/promoted 01.01.1996 to 21.04.2004 - Pre-1996 scales Rs.1640-2900 (Inspectors) and Rs.2000-3500 (Superintendents) - 5th CPC revised scales made effective 21.04.2004 - Sought notional fixation from 01.01.1996 with arrears and 18% interest - Relied on Tribunal/High Court/Supreme Court orders granting parity and anomaly rectification.

Findings of Court:
Impugned orders set aside - Pay refixation directed notionally w.e.f. 01.01.1996 and actually from 21.04.2004 - Exercise within two months.

Issues: Entitlement to revised pay scales w.e.f. 01.01.1996; applicability of prior judgments to similarly situated; limitation and delay.

Ratio Decidendi: Revised pay scales granted notionally from 01.01.1996 based on parity, anomaly committee recommendations, and judgments in rem - Actual benefits from 21.04.2004 - Article 14 mandates uniform treatment for similarly situated employees.

Result: OA allowed.

Table of Content
1. applicants seek revised pay scales w.e.f. 01.01.1996. (Para 1 , 2)
2. precedents support pay parity from 01.01.1996. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
3. claims barred by limitation and laches. (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19)
4. history of anomaly committee and judicial affirmations. (Para 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28)
5. similarly situated employees entitled to parity. (Para 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38)
6. notional pay from 1996, actual from 2004. (Para 39 , 40 , 41 , 42)

ORDER

(Pronounced by Hon'ble Mr.M.L.SRIVASTAVA, Member(A))

The applicants have filed the present OA under Section 19 of the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985, seeking the following relief:

“(A). This Hon’ble Tribunal may graciously be pleased to call for records and proceedings of the case which led to the passing of the orders i.e. (i) Office Memorandum in File No.6/37/98-IC dated 21.04.2004 i.e.Annexure-A1 and (ii) Office Memorandum in File No.A- 26017/65/2003-Ad.II-A(Pt) dated 11.05.2004 i.e. Annexure A2 and its subsequent (latest) Office Memorandum in File No.A-26017/65/2003- Ad.II-A(Pt) dated 25.07.2023 i.e. Annexure A3 (iii) speaking Order No.294/2024 dated 25.06.2024, issued under F.No.II/ (39)/OTH/2867/2023-ESTT, passed by the 5th respondent herein in respect of 5 applicants (Annexure-A ) (iv) speaking order dated 25.07.2024 issued under F.No.GCCO/II/24/4/2024-CAO-O/o PrCC-CGST- ZONE-Chennai, passed by 4th respondent (Annexure A- ) herein in respect of 18 applicants and after going through their propriety, legality and constitutional validity be pleased to quash and set aside the same only to the extent it makes the revised pay scale effective from 21.04.2004 instead of 0.01.1996, with further directions to the respondents to grant the benefit of revised scale/grade w.e.f. 01.01.1996 with appropriate pay and pension fixation and actual benefit i.e. grant of Rs.6500-10500 w.e.f. 01.01.1996 to Inspector (Central Excise, Preventive Officers/Examiners of Customs) and Rs.7500-12000/- w.e.f. 01.01.1996 to Superintendent/Appraiser (Central Excise & Customs), as requested vide their representations (Annexure A4-A ), along with actual arrears of pay and pension with 18% interest thereon. (B). The Hon’ble Tribunal may graciously be pleased to hold and declare that the impugned action of the respondents to revise the pay scale from 21.04.2004 (Annexure-A1) is absolutely arbitrary and illegal and accordingly hold, declare and direct the respondents that the Inspectors/ Preventive Officers/ Examiners and Superintendents (Central Excise & Customs)/ Appraisers are entitled to the revised pay scales of Rs.6500-10500 w.e.f. 01.01.1996 to Inspector/ Preventive Officers/ Examiners (Central Excise & Customs) and Rs.7500-12000/- w.e.f. 01.01.1996 to Superintendent/ Appraisers (Central Excise & Customs) with all consequential benefits i.e. proper pay fixation, pension fixation, actual arrears of salary, pension and other retiral dues with 18% interest thereon

(C ) Any other and further additional orders as this Hon’ble Tribunal deems fit and proper in the nature and circumstances of the case may be passed.

(D). Cost of the application be provided for.”

2. The facts leading to the filing of the case are as follows:

The applicants either joined as Inspectors in the Central Excise & Customs Department or were promoted from lower post to the post of Inspectors and from Inspectors promoted to the post of Superintendents during the period from 01.01.1996 to 21.04.2004. Prior to 01.01.1996, the pay scale of Inspectors/Preventive Officers/Customs Examiners was Rs. 1640–2900. On promotion to the post of Superintendent/Appraiser, the applicable pay scale was Rs. 2000–3500. Upon implementation of the recommendations of the 5th Central Pay Commission, the pay scale of Inspectors/Customs Examiners/Preventive Officers was revised to Rs. 6500–200–10500, and that of Superintendents/Appraisers was revised to Rs. 7500– 12000. Howev

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