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2022 Supreme(Online)(Del) 7346

NATIONAL CONSUMER DISPUTES REDRESSAL COMMISSION, NEW DELHI
Ram Surat Ram Maurya, MEMBER
Mr. Navneet Kumar, Advocate – Appellant
Versus
Mr. Pragyan Pradip Sharma, Advocate and Ms. Nidhi Tewari, Advocate – Respondent
Consumer Complaint



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr. Navneet Kumar
For the Respondents: Mr. Pragyan Pradip Sharma, Ms. Nidhi Tewari

Builders must adhere to agreed possession timelines; failure to do so entitles buyers to refunds with interest.

Headnote:(A) Consumer Protection Act, 1986 - Section 12(1)(c) - Delay in possession of flats - Complainants sought refund of deposits with interest, compensation for delay, and for unfair trade practices - Opposite parties denied allegations stating defaulters in payments - Agreement terms regarding possession detailed - Construction not progressed, refund ordered alongside interest. (Paras 2, 6, 11, 14, 17, 18)

(B) Representational capacity under S.12(1)(c) - Legal requirements for filing on behalf of numerous consumers clarified - Indications of unfair trade practices confirmed as backed by evidence, and the relevance of Supreme Court precedents discussed (Paras 10, 12)

Facts of the case:
Complainants alleged delay in construction and possession of flats booked in project Park Sentosa. Despite payments, the builder failed to progress beyond foundation stage and charged unjust fees. Complaint filed regarding refund and damages for distress caused by delays.

Findings of Court:
Construction inadequacies by the builder warranted a refund of amounts paid along with interest, as failure to provide possession constituted an unfair trade practice.

Issues: The main issues revolved around allegations of an unfair trade practice due to construction delays, the appropriateness of compensation, and the validity of representational complaint under section 12(1)(c).

Ratio Decidendi: The court reaffirmed that builders cannot compel buyers to wait indefinitely for possession and must adhere to time frames prescribed under flat agreements. Compensation rules under Supreme Court precedents were referenced.

Result: Complaint partly allowed.

Table of Content
1. complainants claim refunds and compensation for construction delays. (Para 2 , 4 , 6 , 7)
2. defendant's objections regarding complainants' eligibility raised. (Para 8 , 10 , 11)
3. court emphasizes timely possession and compensation rights. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 17)
4. refund and interest obligations outlined for builders. (Para 15 , 16)
5. final ruling for partial refund and interest. (Para 18)

1. Heard Mr. Navneet Kumar, Advocate, for the complainants and Mr. Pragyan Pradip Sharma, Advocate and Ms. Nidhi Tewari, Advocate, for the opposite parties.

2. Aforementioned complaint has filed for directing the opposite parties (i) to refund each and every buyer, the amount paid by him / her with interest @18% per annum, from respective date of deposit till the date of refund, in respect of the apartment booked by him / her in the project Park Sentosa, at village Nimka, Sector - 77, tehsil and district Faridabad, (ii) to pay compensation to each and every buyer @ Rs. 5 per sq.ft. per month on ˜super area, for the period of delay in offering possession of the flats booked by them, (iii) to pay Rs. 5 lacs, to each and every buyers, as compensation for mental agony and harassment, (iv) to pay Rs. 50,000 to each and every buyers, as cost of litigation, (v) to award benefits of the subvention plan to the complainants, who had opted for the same, (vi) to impose appropriate penalty upon the opposite parties for indulging in unfair trade practice and (vii) any other relief which is deemed fit and proper in the circumstances of the case.

3. The complainants filed IA / 6125/2018 under S.12(1)(c) of Consumer Protection Act, 1986 , for grant of permission to file the complaint in representative capacity, which was allowed on 24.10.2018, after hearing the parties. Initially, 14 sets of flat buyers joined as the complainants. After publication of notice, Dr. Rajendra Kumar Agarwal, Mrs. Hemlata Agarwal and Ms. GarimaAgarwal (allottees of Flat No. 1806) filed IA / 6897/2019, for their impleadment as the complainants, which was allowed on 26.4.2019. Mrs. Anju Kheterpal (allottee of Flat No. B - G001) filedA / 3675/2020, for her impleadment as the complainant, which was allowed on 16.9.2020. Lateron, Dr. Rajendra Kumar Agarwal, Mrs. Hemlata Agarwal and Ms. Garima Agarwal (allottees of Flat No.1806) (complainants - 15 to 15 - B) settled their claim with the opposite parties, out of Court.

4. The complainants stated that the opposite parties were separate companies, incorporated under Companies Act, 1956 and have its registered office at M - 11, Middle Circle, ConnaughtCircus, New Delhi. M/s. Countrywide Promoters Private Limited and M/s. Anjali Promoters & Developers Private Limited (opposite parties - 2 and 3) owned of 13.187 acres land at villageNimka, Sector - 77, tehsil and district Faridabad. They obtained License No. 267 of 2007 dated 3.12.2007, from the Director, Town and Country Planning, Haryana, for development of townshipover the aforesaid land. Opposite parties - 2 and 3 assigned the work of development, constructionof building and selling its unit to the prospective buyers over the aforesaid land to M/s. BPTP Limited (opposite party - 1). The opposite parties launched the project of group housing in the name of Park Sentosa over the aforesaid land and gave attractive advertisements in 2012. Basic sale price of a flat of ˜super built up area of 1,646 sq.ft. was around Rs. 86,34,905 including other charges. The opposite parties prescribed four payment plans, i.e. (i) Construction Linked Payment Plan, (ii) Down Payment Plan, (iii) Subvention Plan and (iv) Self - Funding Payment Plan. Under Subvention Plan, initial 15% of sale price was payable by the buyer, thereafter, 80% of sale pricewas payable by the HDFC Ltd. by way of loan and remaining 5% of sale price was payable by the buyer at the time of possession. The complainants and other buyers booked the flats in the year 2013-2014. Allotment letters were issued and Flat Buyers




























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