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2026 Supreme(Online)(Gau) 13112

GAUHATI HIGH COURT
Robin Phukan, J
Kamalesh Agarwalla – Appellant
Versus
Jay Kishore Sahu – Respondent
CRP/96/2025



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr G. Khandelia, Mr. K Deka
For the Respondents: Mr R. Paul, Mr. R Bora

For a tenant to claim valid deposit of rent under Section 5(4) Assam Urban Areas Rent Control Act, he must prove the specific date of offer and refusal, not just a vague statement of offering in the first week of the month.

Headnote:(A) Civil Procedure Code, 1908 - Section 115 - Assam Urban Areas Rent Control Act, 1972 - Section 5(4) - Constitution of India - Article 227 - Revision petition challenging concurrent findings of courts below - Defaulter in payment of rent - Bona-fide requirement of landlord - Burden of proof on tenant to prove valid deposit of rent - Mere deposit in court without proving offer and refusal not sufficient - Landlord is best judge of his requirement. (Paras 10, 11, 13)

(B) Evidence - Additional evidence - Application under Order XLI Rule 27 of CPC - Cannot be allowed to fill lacunae in pleading and evidence - If no date of offer and refusal mentioned in pleadings or evidence, cannot be introduced later. (Para 11.1)

Facts of the case:
The respondent/plaintiff instituted a suit for ejectment and arrears of rent against the petitioner/defendant, claiming that the defendant defaulted in payment of rent and that the suit premises was required bona-fide by the plaintiff as an entrance to his residence. The defendant contested, alleging payment of advance/security and that rent was offered and refused. The Trial Court decreed the suit, which was affirmed by the Appellate Court. The defendant filed this revision petition.

Findings of Court:
The concurrent findings of the courts below that the defendant is a defaulter and that the plaintiff has a bona-fide requirement were upheld. The court found no illegality, arbitrariness, or jurisdictional error in the impugned judgments.

Issues: The main issues were whether the defendant had validly deposited rent after proving offer and refusal by the plaintiff, and whether the plaintiff's requirement of the suit premises was bona-fide.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the burden of proving valid deposit under Section 5(4) of the Assam Urban Areas Rent Control Act, 1972 is on the tenant. Mere deposit in court without establishing the specific date of offer and refusal is insufficient. A landlord is the best judge of his bona-fide requirement, and courts cannot dictate how he should use his property. Additional evidence under Order XLI Rule 27 CPC cannot be permitted to fill gaps in the original pleading and evidence.

Result: Civil Revision Petition dismissed with two months granted to the petitioner to vacate the suit premises.

Table of Content
1. this group sets out the procedural background and the facts of the case, including the institution of the suit, the pleadings of the parties, and the framing of issues by the trial court. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. this group contains the grounds of challenge raised by the petitioner in the revision petition and the submissions of counsel for both parties on the issues of defaulter, bona-fide requirement, and additional evidence. (Para 5 , 6 , 7)
3. this group discusses the concurrent findings of the courts below that the defendant is a defaulter because he failed to prove the specific date of offer and refusal of rent, and that the petition for additional evidence was rightly dismissed. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11)
4. this group examines the concurrent findings on the bona-fide requirement of the landlord, affirming that the landlord is the best judge of his need and that the courts below committed no error. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)
5. this group contains the final decision dismissing the revision petition, upholding the concurrent findings, and granting two months' time to the petitioner to vacate the suit premises in the interest of equity. (Para 16 , 17)

ORDER

05.05.2026 Heard Mr. G. Khandelia, learned counsel for the petitioner and also heard Mr. R.

Bora, learned counsel for the respondent.

2. In this petition, under Section 115 of the Civil Procedure Code, 1908 read with Article 227 of the Constitution of India, the petitioner has challenged the judgment and decree dated 13.02.2025, passed by the learned Civil Judge (Sr. Division), Charaideo, Sonari, in Title Appeal No.10/2021. Notably, vide impugned judgment and decree dated 13.02.2025, passed by the learned Civil Judge (Sr. Division), Charaideo, Sonari (hereinafter referred to as the learned Appellate Court), has affirmed the judgment and decree dated 20.05.2019, passed by the learned Munsiff, Charaideo, Sonari, in Title Suit No.7/2017. It is also to be noted here that vide judgment and decree, dated 20.05.2019, the learned Munsiff, Charaideo, Sonari (hereinafter referred to as the learned Trial Court), in Title Suit No.7/2017 has decreed the suit of the plaintiff, the respondent herein, on contest with cost.

3. In this petition the status of the parties, as indicated in the title suit, before the learned Trial Court, is adopted to avoid confusion and for the sake of convenience.

4. The background facts leading to filing of this revision petition are briefly stated as under:-

“The respondent herein, as plaintiff, had instituted a title suit, being Title Suit No.7/2017 before the Court of learned Munsiff, Charaideo against the present petitioner as defendant for a decree of arrear rent, ejectment of the defendant from the suit premises on the ground of defaulter in payment of rent and also on the ground of bona-fide requirement of the suit premises.

The plaintiff is the owner of a shop room, which is a part of RCC building, consisting of 4 rooms, as described in the Schedule ‘A’ of the plaint. The father of the plaintiff, namely, Jay Narayan Sahu (since deceased) was the owner of the said 4 rooms, standing on a plot of land bearing P.P. No.133, Dag No.288, situated at Moran Town, and he let out one of the shop rooms to the defendant rd during his lifetime, at the rate of Rs.800/- per month, payable within 3 day of the succeeding month as per English Calendar. The father of the plaintiff suffered demise on 11.02.2005, leaving behind the plaintiff and two brothers as his legal heirs. And after the death of the plaintiff’s father, the plaintiff got the Schedule ‘A’ shop room as his share in the father’s property, by way of succession. The plaintiff then informed the defendant regarding the ownership of the scheduled shop room and the defendant has accepted the plaintiff as his landlord and became the tenant of the plaintiff. Thereafter, from July, 2010 the initial rent of Rs.800/- per month was enhanced to Rs.2,000/- per month. And since January, 2014, the monthly rent was

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