2021 Supreme(Online)(KER) 40839
K VINOD CHANDRAN, M.R.ANITHA, JJ
RAJAN K.C. – Appellant
Versus
STATE OF KERALA – Respondent
CRL.A NO. 50 OF 2017
For the Appellants/Petitioners: SRI.RENJITH B.MARAR, SMT.LAKSHMI.N.KAIMAL, SRI.V.KRISHNADAS, SMT.K.S.SINDHU, SRI.VIMAL VIJAY
For the Respondents: SMT.AMBIKADEVI.S
The court confirmed conviction for repeated rape of a minor, rejecting mitigation arguments during sentencing, emphasizing the serious impact on victims.
Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 376(2)(h),(i),(m) and 506(2) - Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 - Sections 5(j)(ii),(l),(q) r/w S.6 - Conviction for offences of repeated rape of a minor, resulting in pregnancy, confirmed; Appeal partly allowed on sentence under S.376(2)(h) since knowledge of pregnancy was not established. (Paras 2, 4, 18)
(B) Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 76 & 63 - Birth certificate evidence - It was held that documents from a government school could serve as adequate proof of a victim's age if not adequately disputed by the defence. (Paras 10, 12)
Facts of the case:
The accused was convicted for repeated rape of a minor leading to pregnancy. The Sessions Court found the evidence credible and unchallenged.
Findings of Court:
The conviction was upheld, with variations in sentencing based on the understanding of specific sections.
Issues: The primary issues were proof of the victim’s minority and the appropriateness of sentencing.
Ratio Decidendi: The High Court emphasized the gravity of the offence, and reinforced the requirement of rigorous sentencing for such crimes against minors.
Result: The appeal was partly allowed but the conviction and sentence were maintained.
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. impact of the crime on victim highlighted. (Para 1 , 2) |
| 2. arguments regarding evidentiary proof and sentencing discussed. (Para 3 , 4 , 5) |
| 3. testimonies provide consistency supporting conviction. (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9) |
| 4. evidentiary rules for establishing victim's age examined. (Para 10 , 11 , 12) |
| 5. scientific evidence affirms the conviction. (Para 13 , 14) |
| 6. sentencing considerations based on crime severity reviewed. (Para 15 , 16) |
| 7. court affirms conviction while adjusting sentence. (Para 17 , 18) |
JUDGMENT
Vinod Chandran, J.
A permanently scarred teen aged-mother and an infant forced into adoption are the net result of the crime, which is the subject matter of the above appeal against conviction and sentence of its perpetrator. The victim and her orphaned child are destined to live with this pall of shame, on this miserable world where lecherous adults prey on innocent children.
2. The accused-appellant was tried and convicted for offences punishable under S.376(2)(h),(i)and(m) and S.506(2) of IPC and S.5(j)(ii),(l),(q) r/w S.6 of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act , 2012. He has been awarded the maximum sentence of imprisonment of life which extends to the reminder of his natural life under the offences alleged under S.376 and an imprisonment of five years under S.506(2) and a fine of Rs.1 lakh, with a default sentence. By virtue of S. 42 of POCSO Act no separate sentence is awarded under the offences on which he has been convicted under that Act.
3. The allegation against the appellant found against him by the Sessions Court was that he subjected a minor girl of 14 years to repeated rape by reason of which she became pregnant; with which knowledge he continued the atrocities thus attracting the offences alleged against him. The learned Sessions Judge found that the evidence of the witnesses stand unchallenged and the version of the prosecutrix is totally believable. There is no consent on the part of the prosecutrix even remotely suggested, which in any event is immaterial for reason of the age of the prosecutrix who was below 16 years at the time when the offence was committed. The prosecutrix had not immediately spoken of the incident due to the intimidation by the accused and also fear of parental repercussion. There is further scientific evidence by way of the DNA Examination, which scientific evidence proves that the accused is the biological father of the child born to the victim.
4. Sri. Ranjith P Marar learned Counsel appearing for the accused argued that there was no worthy proof of the victim being a minor below 16 years of age. The certificates produced to prove date of birth do not stand the test of S.76 of the Indian Evidence Act and it cannot even be called a secondary evidence as contemplated in S.63 of the Evidence Act. The learned Counsel relies on 2020 KHC 2271 Reju v.
State of Kerala wherein the copy of the extract of the School Register was found to be insufficient. Reliance is also placed on 2016(16) SCC 483 Rakesh Mohindra v. Anita Beri . It is argued that there is nothing to show that the accused had committed rape on the victim with the knowledge that she is pregnant. For arguments sake, even if the prosecution case of repeated instances of sexual act is believed, it only reveals the consent of the victim; which consent assumes significance for reason of no valid proof of age having been proffered. It is pointed out that the incriminating circumstances of Ext.P14 test result was never put to the accused in the questioning under S. 313. Such evidence has to be totally eschewed going by the dictum in 2009(6) SCC 595 Ranvir Yadav v. State of Bihar and 2015 (1) SCC 496 Nar Singh vs. State of Haryana . Last but not the least the learned Counsel would argue for a reduction in sentence especially considering the age of the accused and the fact that there was no violent act complained of by the victim and no injury caused to her. The learned Counsel relies on 2020 KHC 5318 ( Ch