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2024 Supreme(Online)(MAD) 19724

HIGH COURT OF MADRAS
Honourable Mr Justice RMT. TEEKAA RAMAN
PREMRAJA – Appellant
Versus
JAYALAKSHMI – Respondent



The validity of a sale agreement must be proven, and claims for specific performance cannot coexist with adverse possession; time limitations must also be respected.

Headnote:

Specific Performance - Contract Law - Specific Relief Act, Transfer of Property Act - Sec 53A, 16(c) - The court examined issues of contractual validity, readiness, willingness, material alterations, and adverse possession, ultimately concluding the plaintiff's claims were unsupported and time-barred.

Fact of the Case:

The plaintiff filed for specific performance of a sale agreement dated 18.11.1987, claiming possession of the property based on that agreement. The defendant contested this on the grounds of material alterations, lack of genuineness, and claimed adverse possession.

Finding of the Court:

The court found the sale agreement invalid due to material alteration and lack of supporting evidence for the alleged possession and payments. The plaintiff was ruled against on both specific performance and adverse possession claims.

Issues: Key issues included the genuineness of the sale agreement, readiness and willingness of the plaintiff, time limitation for the suit, and grounds for the plaintiff's adverse possession claim.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the plea for specific performance and adverse possession are mutually exclusive, emphasizing the necessity of proving the genuineness of the sale agreement and adherence to limitation periods.

Final Decision: The appeals A.S.Nos.295 and 296 of 2011 were allowed, dismissing the plaintiff's suit and granting the defendant a declaration of title and recovery of possession in O.S.No.36 of 2007.

COMMON JUDGMENT

A.S.Nos.295 & 299 of 2011 have been filed challenging the judgment and decree made in O.S.No.127 of 2008 (originally numbered as O.S No.942 of 2005 on the file of III Additional District Munsif, Puducherry) dated

07.01.2011 on the file of III Additional District Judge, Pondicherry.

2. A.S.No.296 of 2011 has been filed against the judgment and decree made in O.S.No.36 of 2007 dated 07.01.2011 on the file of III Additional District Judge, Pondicherry.

3. For the sake of convenience, parties are referred to as per their ranking in O.S.No.127 of 2008, wherein Jayalakshmi is the plaintiff and Premraja is the defendant.

4. The plaintiff Jayalakshmi originally filed suit in O.S.No.942 of 2005 before the III Additional District Munsif, Puducherry. In the said suit, written statement was filed and issues were framed. In pursuant to the administrative order in TOP No.88 of 2007, the said suit was transferred to III Additional District Judge, Puducherry and renumbered as O.S.No.127 of

2008.

5. This suit in O.S.No.127 of 2008 was filed by the plaintiff Jayalakshmi for specific performance of the suit sale agreement dated 18.11.1987. When the suit was in progress, it appears that the defendant Premraja has filed suit in O.S.No.36 of 2007 before the III Additional District Judge, Puducherry for the relief of declaration of title and for recovery of possession, free from superstructures if any. Both the cases were tried separately by the III Additional District Judge and evidence has been separately recorded and exhibits were also marked separately. However, after hearing the arguments, the learned Judge has thought fit to deliver a common judgment since the facts are interdependent with each other.

6. The short facts that are required for determination of all the three appeals are as under -

6(a) The suit property is Plot No.17 in Anna Nagar extension is measuring 40 feet x 60 feet. Alleged agreement of sale is dated 18.11.1987. In the plaint in O.S.No.127 of 2008, it is specifically pleaded by the plaintiff that on behalf of the plaintiff, her sister Kanagavalli signed the document under which defendant's father agreed to sell the plot for Rs.59,500/- and defendant's father has also received a sum of Rs.12,000/- on 18.11.1987. Originally, the father of the defendant had agreed to sell Plot No.17 to another party. Therefore, he offered to sell Plot No.19 to the plaintiff which is having lesser extent i.e. 35 feet x 60 feet and made a correction in the sale agreement and plaintiff husband's younger brother Poovendralingam signed as a witness in the said agreement agreeing to execute the sale agreement and receive the balance of sale consideration of Rs.47,500/-.

6(b) The plaint further proceeds on the basis that she was delivered possession and enjoyment of Plot No.19 and she is in enjoyment of the property since the date of agreement dated 18.11.1987 and she raised a thatched hut. The plaintiff was not having worry about the registration since the defendant's father had a problem under the Urban Land Ceiling Act and further, payment of Rs.8,000/- on 02.03.1996 and Rs.10,000/- on 02.03.1998 was alleged to have been received by the father of the defendant. After the death of the father, the plaintiff made claims to the present defendant who is the sole legal heir. Originally he promised to execute the sale deed, however failed to do it and attempted to interfere with the possession resulting in police complaint. Therefore, she issued Ex.A2-legal notice dated 12.07.2004 and acknowledgment to the legal notice is marked as Ex.A3. She also made a representation to the police. In the plaint, she has also stated that she had prescriptive title by adverse possession for more than 12 years against the defendant / land owner and reserved rights for the same relief.

6(c) In the written statement, the defendant / land owner has denied various allegations, interalia, contended that there is a material alteration in the plot number, signature of the

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