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2025 Supreme(Online)(Mad) 67346

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
P.DHANABAL, J
Jayaseeli (died), Yuvaraja (died), Yoganathan, Naveen – Appellant
Versus
Government of TanilNadu, Rep. by its District Collector, Collectorate Complex, Erode District, Erode – Respondent
S.A.Nos.127 and 128 of 2015 | M.P.No.1 of 2015 | C.M.P.Nos.9296 of 2024 | 10795 of 2025



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Mr.R.Chandrasekaran
For the Respondents:Mr.D.Gopal, Government Advocate (CS), Mr.R.Ganesh Kumar for R4

Patta serves as prima facie evidence of ownership, and unregistered sale deeds can establish possession but not confer title. Continuous possession is crucial for ownership claims.

Headnote:(A) Civil Procedure Code, 1908 - Section 100 - Property Law - Dispute over ownership and possession of land - Plaintiffs sought declaration and permanent injunction regarding property allegedly inherited from their father, while the fourth defendant claimed ownership through an unregistered sale deed and possession - Trial Court dismissed suit and allowed counter claim - Appellants' appeals against lower courts' decisions dismissed as concurrent findings upheld. (Paras 2, 10, 15, 18, 32)

(B) Evidence - Unregistered Sale Deed - Court held that although an unregistered sale deed cannot confer title, it can be relied upon for establishing possession - Non-registration of a document does not defeat the claim if the document is used for purposes collateral to title. (Paras 21, 27)

(C) Natham Land - Importance of patta as prima facie proof of ownership based on continuous possession and recognition by revenue authorities discussed. (Paras 19, 30)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiffs claim ownership through family arrangement from father’s estate, while the fourth defendant alleges ownership through a sale deed and claims uninterrupted possession since the purchase in 1982. The trial court ruled in favor of the fourth defendant, finding no evidence of the plaintiffs' claims.

Findings of Court:
Initial judgments affirmed, decreeing counter claim and dismissing plaintiffs' suit for lack of ownership proof and improper reliance on historical documents.

Issues: Main questions revolved around legal ownership of disputed property, the legitimacy of the fourth defendant's claims, and the interpretation of ownership and possession documents.

Ratio Decidendi: The court articulated that patta serves as prima facie evidence of ownership and established that unregistered deeds could demonstrate possession, reinforcing the importance of continuous enjoyment of property in adjudicating ownership disputes.

Result: Appeals dismissed; lower courts' decisions upheld.

Table of Content
1. ownership and possession of suit properties (Para 3)
2. defendant's claim over suit properties (Para 4)
3. plaintiff's rebuttal to defendant's claims (Para 5)
4. trial court issues and hearings (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
5. substantial questions of law and their implications (Para 18 , 20 , 31)

COMMON JUDGMENT

The unsuccessful plaintiffs before both the Courts below have filed these second appeals. The plaintiffs filed the suit in O.S.No.326 of 2005 before the learned II Additional District Munisf, Erode, seeking declaration and permanent injunction.

2. These two Second Appeals have been preferred against the common judgments and decree passed by the first appellate Court, namely I Additional Subordinate Judge, Erode, in A.S.Nos.54 and 64 of 2013, wherein, the appellants in both the appeals have challenged the common judgment and decrees passed by the learned District Munisif, Erode, in O.S.Nos.326 of 2005, filed by the appellants for the reliefs of declaration and for permanent injunction. The said suit was dismissed and in the same suit, the fourth defendant filed counter claim and the said counter claim was allowed. Aggrieved by the said judgment and decree passed by the trial court, allowing the counter claim filed by the fourth defendant and dismissing the suit filed by the plaintiffs, the appellants herein have preferred two Appeal Suits in A.S.Nos.54 and 64 of 2013 and the first appellate Court, dismissed both the appeals by confirming the judgment and decree passed by the trial Court. Therefore the appellants have preferred these Second Appeals. S.A.No.127 of 2015 is arising out of the judgment and decree passed in A.S.No.54 of 2013 and S.A.No.128 of 2015 is arising out of the judgment and decree passed in A.S.No.64 of 2013.

3. Brief averments of the plaint are as follows:

The properties in R.S.Nos.14940/11, 1941/3 and 5 corresponding to S.F.Nos.331/1 of Avalpoondurai Village, which are Natham lands. Originally the suit properties belonged to one Muthu, father of the second plaintiff by virtue of sale deed dated 20.08.1937. The said Muthu died intestate, leaving behind his two sons. In the family arrangement among the second plaintiff and his family members, the suit properties have been allotted to the second plaintiff. The first plaintiff, being wife of the second plaintiff is also enjoying the suit properties as absolute owners thereof. The second plaintiff leased out the portion of the suit property to one Jeyaraj for monthly rent of Rs.15/- and due to non payment of rent amount, the second plaintiff filed a suit in O.S.No.1212 of 1982 on the file of the Principal District Munsif, Erode, against the said Jeyaraj and the same was decreed in favour of the second plaintiff on 30.08.1988. Similarly one Rajamal wife of said Jeyaraj has filed a suit in O.S.No.673 of 1989 on the file of the Principal District Munsif, Erode, against the second plaintiff and another for permanent injunction restraining the second plaintiff and another from interfering with the peaceful possession and enjoyment of the suit properties and not to dispossess her from the suit properties. The said suit was dismissed on 23.03.1983.

3.1. While so, the fourth defendant created unregistered sale deed dated 11.08.1982 in respect of the suit property and thereby attempted to get patta from the second and third defendants. In fact the fourth defendant is residing at Erode and working in Tamil Nadu Electricity Board. He tried to get patta in his name with the aid of the revenue officials. Meanwhile, the fourth defendant made an attempt to disturb the peaceful possession and enjoyment of the plaintiffs and thereby the second plaintiff filed a suit in O.S.No.529 of 1997 on the file of the Principal District Munisif, Erode, for permanent injunction and since the plaintiffs filed the present suit for declaration, they did not prosecute the said suit. In the meantime, the second and third defendants made an arrangement to issue patta in favour of the

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