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2026 Supreme(Online)(Mad) 80273

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
Sushrut Arvind Dharmadhikari, CJ, G. Arul Murugan, J
Special Commissioner and Commissioner for Land Administration – Appellant
Versus
Jayalakshmi – Respondent
CMP No.17531 of 2026|WA SR No.102327 of 2025



Important Points

Condonation of inordinate delay requires a bona fide and cogent explanation; the court must prioritize the validity of the reason for delay over the merits of the case to prevent prejudice to the opposing party.

Subject

Civil - Limitation

Act Referred

Headnote

(A) Limitation Act - Condonation of Delay - Sufficient Cause - Inordinate delay of 2461 days cannot be condoned on the basis of vague administrative exigencies and Covid-19 without cogent and valid reasons. (Para 4)

(B) Judicial Discretion - Bona Fides - The court's primary duty is to ascertain the bona fides of the explanation offered for the delay before considering the merits of the main matter. (Para 3)

Issues: Whether the delay of 2461 days in filing the writ appeal could be condoned under Section 5 of the Limitation Act.

Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: C.A. Ramanan
For the Respondents:

Table of Content
1. application for condonation of delay and the appellant's justification based on administrative and circumstantial factors. (Para 1 , 2)
2. the legal standard for condoning delay requires prioritizing the bona fides of the explanation over the merits of the case. (Para 3)
3. inordinate delay without cogent and valid reasons cannot be condoned, leading to the dismissal of the application. (Para 4 , 5)

PRAYER in CMP:

Petition filed under Section 5 of the Limitation Act to condone the delay of 2461 days in filing the present Writ Appeal against the Order dated 07.09.2018 made in W.P.No.17178 of 2003.

PRAYER IN WA:

Appeal filed under Clause 15 of the Letters Patent against the order dated 07.09.2018 passed in WP No.17178 of 2003 on the file of this Court.

JUDGMENT

(Delivered by the Hon'ble Chief Justice)

1. Heard on the application seeking condonation of delay of 2461 days in filing the writ appeal, which assails the order dated 07.09.2018 passed by the learned Single Judge in W.P.No.17178 of 2003.

2. In the application filed under Section 5 of the Limitation Act, it is stated that the order dated 07.09.2018 was received by the Appellants on 01.10.2019 and thereafter, due to administrative exigencies of getting the connected files from the officials and due to Covid-19 onslaught, the appeal could not be filed in time. The delay is neither willful nor wanton and occasioned by a combination of procedural, administrative and circumstantial factors beyond the appellant's control.

3. The issue relating to condonation of delay is no longer res integra, and the Supreme Court has settled the legal position through a catena of decisions, of which relevant paragraphs of a few decisions are reproduced hereunder:

(i) In Karnataka Power Corporation Ltd. V. K. Thangappan and another , 1(2006) 4 SCC 322, the Supreme Court has held as follows:

“6. Delay or laches is one of the factors which is to be borne in mind by the High Court when they exercise their discretionary powers under Article 226 of the Constitution. In an appropriate case the High Court may refuse to invoke its extraordinary powers if there is such negligence or omission on the part of the applicant to assert his right as taken in conjunction with the lapse of time and other circumstances, causes prejudice to the opposite party. Even where fundamental right is involved the matter is still within the discretion of the Court as pointed out in Durga Prashad v. Chief Controller of Imports and Exports, (1969) 1 SCC 185. Of course, the discretion has to be exercised judicially and reasonably.”

(ii) Long delay cannot be allowed to be condoned as a matter of course in view of the recent judgment of the Apex Court in the case of Shivamma v. Karnataka Housing Board , 22025 INSC 1104, wherein it is held as under:

“258. The length of the delay is a relevant matter which the court must take into consideration while considering whether the delay should be condoned or not. From the tenor of the approach of the respondents, it appears that they want to fix their own period of limitation for instituting the proceedings for which law has prescribed a period of limitation. Once it is held that a party has lost his right to have the matter considered on merits because of his own inaction for a long, it cannot be presumed to be non- deliberate delay and in such circumstances of the case, it cannot be heard to plead that the substantial justice deserves to be preferred as against the technical considerations. While considering the plea for condonation of delay, the court must not start with the merits of the main matter. The court owes a duty to first ascertain the bona fides of the explanation offered by the party seeking condonation. It is only if the sufficient cause assigned by the litigant and the opposition of the other side is equally balanced that the court may bring into aid the merits of the matter for the purpose of

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