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NATIONAL COMPANY LAW APPELLATE TRIBUNAL
NARESH SALECHA, Technical Member
Keshav Bihani – Appellant
Versus
Competition Commission of India – Respondent
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. factual background of cartel in railway tenders. (Para 1 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 51) |
| 2. section 48 invocation requires prior company contravention finding. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12) |
| 3. section 48 needs evidence of consent or neglect. (Para 13 , 14) |
| 4. absence of judicial member does not invalidate cci orders. (Para 15 , 59) |
| 5. non-disclosure of evidence violates natural justice. (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 60) |
| 6. penalties must consider proportionality and role. (Para 19) |
| 7. emails prove bid-rigging cartel via tacit agreement. (Para 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 40 , 43 , 44 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 57 , 58) |
| 8. rajasthan cylinders ratio inapplicable due to direct evidence. (Para 28 , 46 , 47 , 48) |
| 9. emails admissible with section 65b certification. (Para 29 , 55) |
| 10. section 48 penalty on individual's income proportional to firm turnover. (Para 30 , 56) |
| 11. cross-examination discretionary under cci regulations. (Para 35 , 36 , 37) |
| 12. section 3(3) cartel presumed to cause aaec. (Para 45 , 49 , 50) |
J U D G E M E N T
(10.04.2026)
NARESH SALECHA, MEMBER (TECHNICAL)
1. There are two appeals containing Competition Appeal No. 44 of 2022 and Competition A
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