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2026 Supreme(Online)(P&H) 83260

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
Nidhi Gupta, J
Ravinder Kumar – Appellant
Versus
Om Parkash Vatta – Respondent
CR-4640-2022 (O&M)



Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Eknoor Kaur Gill, Pratap Singh Gill
For the Respondents: S.P.Arora, Himanshu Arora, Manpreet Singh

Under the Rent Control legislation, the bar on eviction pertains only to the 'occupation' of other residential or commercial buildings. Ownership of other property that is not in the landlord's occupation does not amount to concealment of material facts, nor does it invalidate a claim of bonafide requirement.

Headnote:(A) Haryana Urban (Control of Rent and Eviction) Act, 1973 - Section 13(3)(a)(i) - Eviction - Bonafide personal necessity - Whether failure to disclose ownership of other properties constitutes material concealment rendering eviction petition non-maintainable - Held, legislative intent behind 'occupation' and 'ownership' is distinct - Landlord is required to disclose non-occupation of other premises, but not necessarily ownership unless under occupation - Mere ownership without occupation is no bar to seeking eviction for bonafide need - Landlord as the best judge of his requirement; tenant cannot dictate manner of utilization of property. (Paras 13, 14, 15, 16, 20)

(B) Pleadings - Role of replication - Replication constitutes part of pleadings and is permissible to clarify, explain, or rebut averments in written statement - It neither alters cause of action nor introduces new grounds for eviction when limited to explaining factual circumstances such as financial needs for medical treatment. (Para 24)

(C) Revisional Jurisdiction - Scope - Limited to testing legality, regularity, and propriety - High Court cannot sit as a second appellate court to re-appreciate evidence unless findings of lower courts are perverse, arbitrary, or based on no evidence. (Para 33)

Facts of the case:
A petition for eviction was filed by a landlord seeking possession of a commercial premises to establish a vocational training center. The tenant contested the petition, alleging concealment of material facts, specifically that the landlord owned and sold other properties within the same urban area without disclosing these in the eviction petition. The Rent Controller and the Appellate Authority concurrently held that the landlord's requirement was bonafide and that there was no legal obligation to disclose properties owned but not occupied at the time of filing. The tenant challenged these concurrent findings by way of a revision petition.

Findings of Court:
The Court held that the statutory requirement under the Rent Act is limited to the 'occupation' of other premises in the urban area, not mere 'ownership'. The landlord satisfactorily explained the sale of other properties as being necessitated by valid medical exigencies. The concurrent findings of the lower courts were based on evidence, and no perversity was found in their assessment of the landlord's bonafide need.

Issues: The central issues were whether the non-disclosure of ownership of other properties by the landlord at the time of filing the eviction petition amounts to concealment of material facts under the Act, and whether a landlord's stated bonafide need is subject to a tenant's dictation.

Ratio Decidendi: The term 'occupation' as used in the statute cannot be equated with 'ownership'. A landlord is only required to plead and prove that they are not in 'occupation' of another building. Provided the foundational plea of bonafide requirement is clearly stated, the landlord is not barred by the non-disclosure of non-occupied properties. Appellate courts should not interfere with concurrent findings of fact unless they are perverse or lack legal basis.

Result: Revision petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. summary of eviction petition grounds and procedural history. (Para 1 , 2 , 11 , 12)
2. requirement for landlord to prove only occupation (not ownership) of other premises. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27)
3. landlord is the best judge of their own bona fide requirement. (Para 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34)
4. dismissal of the revision petition and affirmation of concurrent findings. (Para 35 , 36)

***

NIDHI GUPTA, J.

Present Civil Revision Petition has been filed by the tenant against the concurrent judgments of the learned Courts below; whereby the Eviction Petition filed by the respondent/landlord has been allowed by both the Courts below.

2. Brief facts of the case in chronological order are as follows: -

19.11.2014: On 19.11.2014, respondent/landlord had filed Eviction Petition (Annexure P-1), under Section 13 of the Haryana Urban (Control of Rent and Eviction) Act 1973 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Act’), seeking ejectment of petitioner from the demised premises on grounds of: (a) arrears of rent; and (b) bonafide necessity.

15.05.2015: Petitioner had filed written statement dated 15.05.2015 (Annexure P-2), to the said Rent Petition.

28.07.2015: Respondent filed replication dated 28.07.2015 (Annexure P-3).

13.10.2016: Vide judgment dated 13.10.2016, learned Rent Controller Karnal had allowed the aforesaid Ejectment Petition as follows: -

“13 In view of my above discussion on issue no.1, petition stands allowed with costs. Respondent is directed to vacate the shop in question within period of two months from the date of this judgment. Respondent is also directed to the pay the rent @ 1886/- per month w.e.f. 19/11/2011 till 02/03/2012, 2075/- per month w.e.f. 03/03/2012 till 02/03/2014 and 2282/- per month w.e.f 03/03/2014, electricity bill and other charges of shop till the vacation of the shop in question, subject to the adjustment of the rent previously paid by the respondent during the pendency of the petition. Memo of costs be prepared and file be consigned to record room after due compliance.”

12.11.2016: Against the order dated 13.10.2016, petitioner/tenant had filed a Rent Appeal dated 12.11.2016 (at Pages 39 to 49 of the paperbook).

12.09.2022: Vide judgment dated 12.09.2022, the Rent Appeal filed by the petitioner was dismissed with costs by the ld. Appellate Authority, Karnal.

3. Hence, present Revision Petition.

4. The primary ground urged by learned counsel for the petitioner laying challenge to the impugned judgments is that originally respondent was owner of 7 shops situated in the said house No.301-R; out of which he had recently sold 4 frontal shops, for a sum of Rs.80 lacs. It is contended that however, this fact was not mentioned by the respondent in the Rent Petition. Therefore, respondent had concealed material facts. Thus, need of the respondent was not genuine or bonafide. It is contended that Respondent in his replication has sought to cover his tracks and explain the sales by stating that he needed finances for the medical treatment of his wife, who was diagnosed with cancer in the year 2010. However, the said sales had been made by the respondent in 2013. Therefore, explanation given by the respondent is not satisfactory. Clearly therefore, respondent had concealed the material facts in the Rent Petition that he was in ownership of other premises prior to filing of Rent Petition.

5. It is further submitted that a bare perusal of the ejectment petition filed by the respondent/landlord would show that the provisions of the Act of 1973 had not been complied with as the respondent has failed to mention whether he has vacated any premises without any sufficient cause or reason after the commencement of the Act of 1973. Further, the respondent/landlord has failed to disclose the number of properties occupied by or got vacated by him. The ejectment petition itself is bad for non-compliance of the Act of 1973 and thus deserved

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