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2026 Supreme(Online)(SC) 1732

K.V. Viswanathan, S.V.N. Bhatti, JJ
Jennifer Messias – Appellant
Versus
Leonard G Lobo – Respondent


Advocates:
For the Appellants/Petitioners: Abhishek Gulatee
For the Respondents: Siddharth R. Gupta

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The judgment holds that a preliminary decree in a partition suit can include comprehensive directions for partition, including sale in case of impartibility, and may be enforceable without a separate final decree. (!) (!) - The Court determines that the decree dated 13.04.2012 functions as a preliminary decree and may also encompass final aspects as per its terms, allowing for execution without a separate final decree in certain circumstances. (!) (!) (!) - It directs that after a preliminary decree, the court should proceed suo motu to finalize partition and list steps under Order 20 Rule 18 CPC, without requiring a separate final decree application. (!) (!) (!) - The executing court may conduct bidding if partition by metes and bounds is not possible, and sale proceeds may be divided between parties; the proceedings may be revived or continued to conclude the partition. (!) (!) (!) - The High Court’s interruption of execution proceedings was set aside, reinstating the executing court’s authority to proceed under the terms of the preliminary decree. (!) (!) - The Appellant’s bid and mesne profits arrangements were considered in light of the preliminary decree’s provisions for partition and sale, with directions to complete proceedings within a specified timeframe. (!) (!) (!)

How to determine if a partition decree can be enforced without a separate final decree when the preliminary decree contains directions for partition and sale?

What is the status of a decree dated 13.04.2012 in terms of being preliminary, final, or both, and its executability?

What are the steps a court should take suo motu after a preliminary decree in a partition suit to finalize partition without separate final decree proceedings?


Table of Content
1. procedural history of a long-standing partition suit and execution conflict. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 7)
2. summary of rival contentions regarding procedural necessity and decree categorization. (Para 8 , 9)
3. interpretation of cpc provisions defining decrees and the scope of judicial discretion in partition. (Para 10 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
4. judicial directive to restore execution and complete partition processes efficiently. (Para 17 , 18)

S.V.N. BHATTI, J.

1. Leave granted.

2. The Civil Appeals arise from Orders dated 27.07.2023 in Miscellaneous Petition No. 2005 of 2022 and 20.03.2025 in the Review Petition No. 947 of 2023, in the High Court of Madhya Pradesh at Jabalpur. The impugned Orders, in effect, have set aside the Execution Proceedings pending before the IInd Additional Judge, Jabalpur, in Civil Suit No. 7A/2011. The outcome of the adjudication appears simple, but the Civil Appeals exemplify the Comedy of Errors.1 The polemic, which is the subject of the final adjudication, is whether the Decree dated 13.04.2012 is a Preliminary or a Final Decree in itself, and whether the same could be put to Execution. The narrative sounds interesting Signature Not

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