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2013 MarsdenLR 2098

HIGH COURT MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR
AMANAH RAYA CAPITAL SDN BHD – Appellant
Versus
SITI ZAHARAH SULAIMAN – Respondent
[Suit No: 22-NCC-25-01-2013]



Errors in statutory form of moneylending contracts do not render them void if they comply with the spirit of the legislation; acceptance of terms creates estoppel against later disputes.

Headnote:(A) Moneylenders Act 1951 - Moneylenders (Control and Licensing) Regulations 2003 - Summary judgment for recovery of loan amounts - Plaintiff lent money under two moneylending agreements, both claimed due with applicable late payment charges - Court found that errors in form do not render agreements void. (Paras 1-46)

(B) Compliance with statutory provisions - Plaintiff's failure to use correct form does not invalidate loan repayment rights if the transaction complies in spirit with statutory requirements. (Paras 11, 19)

(C) Doctrine of estoppel - Defendant accepted terms of agreements and cannot later dispute deductions made per agreement terms. (Paras 31, 41)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiff lent RM75,000 and RM1,000,000 to the defendant under two moneylending agreements. Defendant failed to repay as per agreed terms, prompting a summary judgment. (Paras 3, 4, 10, 30)

Findings of Court:
The court granted summary judgment, confirming that the defendant is liable for the amounts claimed. (Paras 46)

Issues: Whether the moneylending agreements are void due to non-compliance with the correct statutory form; if the plaintiff's exemption is valid; and if the defendant can challenge the agreements post-acceptance. (Paras 11, 22-36)

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the use of the wrong form does not nullify the agreements as they adhere to the regulatory intent, and the plaintiff's exemption is legally effective. Additionally, defendant's prior acceptance of terms creates an estoppel against disputing such terms now. (Paras 22, 31)

Result: Summary judgment granted in favor of the plaintiff for the total sums claimed.

Table of Content
1. loan agreements and repayment terms overview. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
2. overview of loan agreements and default (Para 10)
3. claims regarding the validity of loan agreements. (Para 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
4. construction and interpretation of the moneylenders act. (Para 15 , 16 , 17 , 19)
5. exemption from compliance with statutory provisions. (Para 20 , 21 , 22 , 27)
6. legal effect of regulatory exemptions (Para 23 , 24 , 26)
7. defendant's claims on loan disbursement issues. (Para 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32)
8. compliance with statutory requirements for statements of account. (Para 33 , 34 , 35 , 36)
9. compliance with statutory requirements (Para 37)
10. applicability of restitution under section 66. (Para 39 , 40 , 41)
11. restitution rights if agreements found void (Para 42)
12. determination of interest rates and granting judgment (Para 43 , 45)
13. conclusion on claimed amounts and judgment outcome. (Para 44 , 46)

[1] The plaintiff's claim against the defendant is for a return of monies loaned to her by the plaintiff together with late payment charges on the said sum. The plaintiff is a licensed money lending company incorporated in Malaysia.

[2] The outline facts are comprehensively set out in the written submissions of learned counsel for the plaintiff and I adopt and reproduce in large part of those submissions in relation to the salient facts.

[3] At the defendant's request in or around December 2008, the plaintiff approved a credit facility in favour of the defendant in the sum of RM75,000.00 ('the first credit facility'). The plaintiff and the defendant then entered into a moneylending agreement (Unsecured Loan) dated 23 December 2008 ('the first moneylending agreement'). The form of the agreement was in accordance with Schedule J of the Moneylenders (Control and Licensing) Regulations 2003 ('the Regulations') under the Moneylenders Act 1951 . A copy of the said moneylending agreement was sent to the defendant, according to the plaintiff, on 23 December 2008 and the said sum was duly disbursed to her on the same date. This is not in issue. Pursuant to the terms of the first moneylending agreement the defendant was to repay the plaintiff a total sum of RM81,000.00 in one payment by 22 December 2009. The plaintiff complains that it failed to receive any payment from the defendant by the aforesaid due date of 22 December 2009 or thereafter. Accordingly a legal demand dated 20 April 2011 was issued to the defendant, which demand included 8% late payment interest per annum computed on a daily basis. This is in accordance with cl 2 of the first moneylending agreement.

[4] The plaintiff also afforded a second or further credit facility to the defendant in the sum of RM1,000,000.00 (RM1 million) pursuant to a further request by the defendant in 2009. On 18 March 2009, the plaintiff issued a letter of offer to the defendant stating that it had approved in principle a loan of RM1 million to her on specific terms. These terms included, inter alia, the following:

(i) A facility amount of RM1 million;

(ii) An interest rate of 8% per annum calculated on a flat rate basis (as explained in the agreement);

(iii) A term of 24 months;

(iv) Disbursement was to be made to the defendant after deductions of RM30,000.00 by way of an arrangement fee, up to RM14,000.00 for stamp duty and legal costs, upfront interest payment of RM60,000.00. The balance was to be disbursed to the defendant at an account nominated by her;

(v) The facility was repayable on demand. Additionally the defendant was to repay the entire facility upon the expiry of the term of 24 months.

(vi) Upon expiry of the term or until a demand for repayment is made the instalment repayments of the facility were in eight instalments. The first to seventh instalment comprised RM20,000.00 each totalling RM140,000.00, while the eighth instalment payment upon expiry of the term comprised a sum of RM1,020,000.00. As such the total sum repayable by the defendant to the plaint

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