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CONTRACTS ACT 1950 (REVISED - 1974)

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1 PART I PRELIMINARY-1. Short title.
2 PART I PRELIMINARY-2. Interpretation.
3 PART II OF THE COMMUNICATION, ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS-3. Communication, acceptance and revocation of proposals.
4 PART II OF THE COMMUNICATION, ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS-4. Communication, when complete.
5 PART II OF THE COMMUNICATION, ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS-5. Revocation of proposals and acceptances.
6 PART II OF THE COMMUNICATION, ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS-6. Revocation how made.
7 PART II OF THE COMMUNICATION, ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS-7. Acceptance must be absolute.
8 PART II OF THE COMMUNICATION, ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS-8. Acceptance by performing conditions, or receiving consideration.
9 PART II OF THE COMMUNICATION, ACCEPTANCE AND REVOCATION OF PROPOSALS-9. Promises, express and implied.
10 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-10. What agreements are contracts.
11 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-11. Who are competent to contract.
12 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-12. What is a sound mind for the purposes of contracting.
13 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-13. "Consent".
14 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-14. "Free consent".
15 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-15. "Coercion".
16 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-16. "Undue influence".
17 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-17. "Fraud".
18 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-18. "Misrepresentation".
19 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-19. Voidability of agreements without free consent.
20 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-20. Power to set aside contract induced by undue influence.
21 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-21. Agreement void where both parties are under mistake as to matter of fact.
22 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-22. Effect of mistake as to law.
23 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-23. Contract caused by mistake of one party as to matter of fact.
24 PART III OF CONTRACTS, VOIDABLE CONTRACTS AND VOID AGREEMENTS-24. What considerations and objects are lawful, and what not.
25 VOID AGREEMENTS-25. Agreements void if considerations and objects unlawful in part.
26 VOID AGREEMENTS-26. Agreement without consideration, void, unless.
27 VOID AGREEMENTS-27. Agreement in restraint of marriage void.
28 VOID AGREEMENTS-28. Agreement in restraint of trade void.
29 VOID AGREEMENTS-29. Agreements in restraint of legal proceedings void.
30 VOID AGREEMENTS-30. Agreements void for uncertainty.
31 VOID AGREEMENTS-31. Agreements by way of wager void.
32 PART IV OF CONTINGENT CONTRACTS-32. "Contingent contract".
33 PART IV OF CONTINGENT CONTRACTS-33. Enforcement of contracts contingent on an event happening.
34 PART IV OF CONTINGENT CONTRACTS-34. Enforcement of contracts contingent on an event not happening.
35 PART IV OF CONTINGENT CONTRACTS-35. When event on which contract is contingent to be deemed impossible, if it is the future conduct of a living person.
36 PART IV OF CONTINGENT CONTRACTS-36. When contracts become void which are contingent on happening of specified event within fixed time.
37 PART IV OF CONTINGENT CONTRACTS-37. Agreement contingent on impossible events void.
38 PART V OF THE PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACTS CONTRACTS WHICH MUST BE PERFORMED-38. Obligation of parties of contracts.
39 PART V OF THE PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACTS CONTRACTS WHICH MUST BE PERFORMED-39. Effect of refusal to accept offer of performance.
40 PART V OF THE PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACTS CONTRACTS WHICH MUST BE PERFORMED-40. Effect of refusal to party to perform promise wholly.
41 BY WHOM CONTRACTS MUST BE PERFORMED-41. Person by whom promise is to be performed.
42 BY WHOM CONTRACTS MUST BE PERFORMED-42. Effect of accepting performance from third person.
43 BY WHOM CONTRACTS MUST BE PERFORMED-43. Devolution of joint liabilities.
44 BY WHOM CONTRACTS MUST BE PERFORMED-44. Any one of joint promisors may be compelled to perform.
45 BY WHOM CONTRACTS MUST BE PERFORMED-45. Effect of release of one joint promisor.
46 BY WHOM CONTRACTS MUST BE PERFORMED-46. Devolution of joint rights.
47 TIME AND PLACE FOR PERFORMANCE-47. Time for performance of promise where no application is to be made and no time is specified.
48 TIME AND PLACE FOR PERFORMANCE-48. Time and place for performance of promise where time is specified and no application to be made.
49 TIME AND PLACE FOR PERFORMANCE-49. Application for performance on certain day to be at proper time and place.
50 TIME AND PLACE FOR PERFORMANCE-50. Place for performance of promise where no application to be made and no place fixed.
51 TIME AND PLACE FOR PERFORMANCE-51. Performance in manner or at time prescribed or sanctioned by promisee.
52 PERFORMANCE OF RECIPROCAL PROMISES-52. Promisor not bound to perform unless reciprocal promisee ready and willing to perform.
53 PERFORMANCE OF RECIPROCAL PROMISES-53. Order of performance of reciprocal promises.
54 PERFORMANCE OF RECIPROCAL PROMISES-54. Liability of party preventing event on which contract is to take effect.
55 PERFORMANCE OF RECIPROCAL PROMISES-55. Effect of default as to that promise which should be first performed, in contract consisting of reciprocal promises.
56 PERFORMANCE OF RECIPROCAL PROMISES-56. Effect of failure to perform at fixed time, in contract in which time is essential.
57 PERFORMANCE OF RECIPROCAL PROMISES-57. Agreement to do impossible act.
58 PERFORMANCE OF RECIPROCAL PROMISES-58. Reciprocal promise to do things legal, and also other things illegal.
59 PERFORMANCE OF RECIPROCAL PROMISES-59. Alternative promise, one branch being illegal.
60 APPROPRIATION OF PAYMENTS-60. Application of payment where debt to be discharged is indicated.
61 APPROPRIATION OF PAYMENTS-61. Application of payment where debt to be discharged is not indicated.
62 APPROPRIATION OF PAYMENTS-62. Application of payment where neither party appropriates.
63 CONTRACTS WHICH NEED NOT BE PERFORMED-63. Effect of novation, rescission and alteration of contract.
64 CONTRACTS WHICH NEED NOT BE PERFORMED-64. Promisee may dispense with or remit performance of promise.
65 CONTRACTS WHICH NEED NOT BE PERFORMED-65. Consequences of rescission of voidable contract.
66 CONTRACTS WHICH NEED NOT BE PERFORMED-66. Obligation of person who has received advantage under void agreement, or contract that becomes void.
67 CONTRACTS WHICH NEED NOT BE PERFORMED-67. Mode of communicating or revoking rescission of voidable contract.
68 CONTRACTS WHICH NEED NOT BE PERFORMED-68. Effect of neglect of promisee to afford promisor reasonable facilities for performance.
69 PART VI OF CERTAIN RELATIONS RESEMBLING THOSE CREATED BY CONTRACT-69. Claim for necessaries supplied to person incapable of contracting, or on his account.
70 PART VI OF CERTAIN RELATIONS RESEMBLING THOSE CREATED BY CONTRACT-70. Reimbursement of person paying money due by another, in payment of which he is interested.
71 PART VI OF CERTAIN RELATIONS RESEMBLING THOSE CREATED BY CONTRACT-71. Obligation of person enjoying benefit of non-gratuitous act.
72 PART VI OF CERTAIN RELATIONS RESEMBLING THOSE CREATED BY CONTRACT-72. Responsibility of finder of goods.
73 PART VI OF CERTAIN RELATIONS RESEMBLING THOSE CREATED BY CONTRACT-73. Liability of person to whom money is paid, or thing delivered, by mistake or under coercion.
74 PART VII OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF BREACH OF CONTRACT-74. Compensation for loss or damage caused by breach of contract.
75 PART VII OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF BREACH OF CONTRACT-75. Compensation for breach of contract where penalty stipulated for.
76 PART VII OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF BREACH OF CONTRACT-76. Party rightfully rescinding contract entitled to compensation.
77 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-77. "Contract of indemnity".
78 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-78. Rights of indemnity-holder when sued.
79 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-79. "Contract of guarantee", "surety", "principal debtor", and "creditor".
80 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-80. Consideration for guarantee.
81 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-81. Surety's liability.
82 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-82. "Continuing guarantee".
83 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-83. Revocation of continuing guarantee.
84 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-84. Revocation of continuing guarantee by surety's death.
85 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-85. Liability of two persons, primarily liable, not affected by arrangement between them that one shall be surety on other's default.
86 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-86. Discharge of surety by variance in terms of contract.
87 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-87. Discharge of surety by release or discharge of principal debtor.
88 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-88. Discharge of surety when creditor compounds with, gives time to, or agrees not to sue principal debtor.
89 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-89. Surety not discharged when agreement made with third person to give time to principal debtor.
90 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-90. Creditor's forbearance to sue does not discharge surety.
91 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-91. Release of one co-surety does not discharge others.
92 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-92. Discharge of surety by creditor's act or omission impairing surety's eventual remedy.
93 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-93. Rights of surety on payment or performance.
94 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-94. Surety's right to benefit of creditor's securities.
95 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-95. Guarantee obtained by misrepresentation invalid.
96 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-96. Guarantee obtained by concealment invalid.
97 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-97. Guarantee on contract that creditor shall not act on it until cosurety joins.
98 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-98. Implied promise to indemnify surety.
99 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-99. Co-sureties liable to contribute equally.
100 PART VIII OF INDEMNITY AND GUARANTEE-100. Liability of co-sureties bound in different sums.
101 PART IX OF BAILMENT-101. "Bailment", "bailor" and "bailee".
102 PART IX OF BAILMENT-102. Delivery to bailee how made.
103 PART IX OF BAILMENT-103. Bailor's duty to disclose faults in goods bailed.
104 PART IX OF BAILMENT-104. Care to be taken by bailee.
105 PART IX OF BAILMENT-105. Bailee when not liable for loss, etc., of thing bailed.
106 PART IX OF BAILMENT-106. Termination of bailment by bailee's act inconsistent with conditions.
107 PART IX OF BAILMENT-107. Liability of bailee making unauthorized use of goods bailed.
108 PART IX OF BAILMENT-108. Effect of mixture, with bailor's consent, of his goods with bailee's.
109 PART IX OF BAILMENT-109. Effect of mixture, without bailor's consent, when the goods can be separated.
110 PART IX OF BAILMENT-110. Effect of mixture, without bailor's consent, when the goods cannot be separated.
111 PART IX OF BAILMENT-111. Repayment by bailor of necessary expenses.
112 PART IX OF BAILMENT-112. Restoration of goods lent gratuitously.
113 PART IX OF BAILMENT-113. Return of goods bailed, on expiration of time or accomplishment of purpose.
114 PART IX OF BAILMENT-114. Bailee's responsibility when goods are not duly returned.
115 PART IX OF BAILMENT-115. Termination of gratuitous bailment by death.
116 PART IX OF BAILMENT-116. Bailor entitled to increase or profit from goods bailed.
117 PART IX OF BAILMENT-117. Bailor's responsibility to bailee.
118 PART IX OF BAILMENT-118. Bailment by several joint owners.
119 PART IX OF BAILMENT-119. Bailee not responsible on redelivery to bailor without title.
120 PART IX OF BAILMENT-120. Right of third person claiming goods bailed.
121 PART IX OF BAILMENT-121. Right of finder of goods; may sue for specific reward offered.
122 PART IX OF BAILMENT-122. When finder of thing commonly on sale may sell it.
123 PART IX OF BAILMENT-123. Bailee's particular lien.
124 PART IX OF BAILMENT-124. General lien of bankers, factors, wharfingers, advocates and policybrokers.
125 BAILMENTS OF PLEDGES-125. "Pledge", "pawnor" and "pawnee".
126 BAILMENTS OF PLEDGES-126. Pawnee's right of retainer.
127 BAILMENTS OF PLEDGES-127. Pawnee not to retain for debt or promise other than that for which goods pledged. Presumption in case of subsequent advances.
128 BAILMENTS OF PLEDGES-128. Pawnee's right as to extraordinary expenses incurred.
129 BAILMENTS OF PLEDGES-129. Pawnee's right where pawnor makes default.
130 BAILMENTS OF PLEDGES-130. Defaulting pawnor's right to redeem.
131 BAILMENTS OF PLEDGES-131. Pledge by possessor of goods, or of documentary title to goods.
132 BAILMENTS OF PLEDGES-132. Pledge where pawnor has only a limited interest.
133 SUITS BY BAILEES OR BAILORS AGAINST WRONG-DOERS-133. Suit by bailor or bailee against wrong-doer.
134 SUITS BY BAILEES OR BAILORS AGAINST WRONG-DOERS-134. Apportionment of relief or compensation obtained by such suits.
135 PART X APPOINTMENT AND AUTHORITY OF AGENTS-135. "Agent" and "principal".
136 PART X APPOINTMENT AND AUTHORITY OF AGENTS-136. Who may employ agent.
137 PART X APPOINTMENT AND AUTHORITY OF AGENTS-137. Who may be an agent.
138 PART X APPOINTMENT AND AUTHORITY OF AGENTS-138. Consideration not necessary.
139 PART X APPOINTMENT AND AUTHORITY OF AGENTS-139. Agent's authority may be expressed or implied.
140 PART X APPOINTMENT AND AUTHORITY OF AGENTS-140. DEFINITIONs of express and implied authority.
141 PART X APPOINTMENT AND AUTHORITY OF AGENTS-141. Extent of agent's authority.
142 PART X APPOINTMENT AND AUTHORITY OF AGENTS-142. Agent's authority in an emergency.
143 SUB-AGENTS-143. When agent cannot delegate.
144 SUB-AGENTS-144. "Sub-agent".
145 SUB-AGENTS-145. Representation of principal by sub-agent properly appointed.
146 SUB-AGENTS-146. Agent's responsibility for sub-agent appointed without authority.
147 SUB-AGENTS-147. Relation between principal and person duly appointed by agent to act in business of agency.
148 SUB-AGENTS-148. Agent's duty in naming such person.
149 RATIFICATION-149. Right of person as to acts done for him without his authority. Effect of ratification.
150 RATIFICATION-150. Ratification may be expressed or implied.
151 RATIFICATION-151. Knowledge requisite to valid ratification.
152 RATIFICATION-152. Effect of ratifying unauthorized act forming part of a transaction.
153 RATIFICATION-153. Ratification of unauthorized act cannot injure third person.
154 REVOCATION OF AUTHORITY-154. Termination of agency.
155 REVOCATION OF AUTHORITY-155. Termination of agency, where agent has an interest in subjectmatter.
156 REVOCATION OF AUTHORITY-156. When principal may revoke agent's authority.
157 REVOCATION OF AUTHORITY-157. Revocation where authority has been partly exercised.
158 REVOCATION OF AUTHORITY-158. Compensation for revocation by principal or renunciation by agent.
159 REVOCATION OF AUTHORITY-159. Notice of revocation or renunciation.
160 REVOCATION OF AUTHORITY-160. Revocation and renunciation may be expressed or implied.
161 REVOCATION OF AUTHORITY-161. When termination of agent's authority takes effect as to agent, and as to third persons.
162 REVOCATION OF AUTHORITY-162. Agent's duty on termination of agency by principal's death or insanity.
163 REVOCATION OF AUTHORITY-163. Termination of sub-agent's authority.
164 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-164. Agent's duty in conducting principal's business.
165 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-165. Skill and diligence required from agent.
166 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-166. Agent's accounts.
167 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-167. Agent's duty to communicate with principal.
168 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-168. Right of principal when agent deals, on his own account, in business of agency without principal's consent.
169 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-169. Principal's right to benefit gained by agent dealing on his own account in business of agency.
170 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-170. Agent's right of retainer out of sums received on principal's account.
171 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-171. Agent's duty to pay sums received for principal.
172 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-172. When agent's remunerations becomes due.
173 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-173. Agent not entitled to remuneration for business misconducted.
174 AGENTS DUTY TO PRINCIPAL-174. Agent's lien on principal's property.
175 PRINCIPAL'S DUTY TO AGENT-175. Agent to be indemnified against consequences of lawful acts.
176 PRINCIPAL'S DUTY TO AGENT-176. Agent to be indemnified against consequences of acts done in good faith.
177 PRINCIPAL'S DUTY TO AGENT-177. Non-liability of employer of agent to do a criminal act.
178 PRINCIPAL'S DUTY TO AGENT-178. Compensation to agent for injury caused by principal's neglect.
179 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-179. Enforcement and consequences of agent's contracts.
180 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-180. Principal how far bound when agent exceeds authority.
181 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-181. Principal not bound when excess of agent's authority is not separable.
182 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-182. Consequences of notice given to agent.
183 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-183. Agent cannot personally enforce, nor be bound by, contracts on behalf of principal.
184 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-184. Rights of parties to a contract made by agent not disclosed.
185 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-185. Performance of contract with agent supposed to be principal.
186 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-186. Right of person dealing with agent personally liable.
187 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-187. Consequence of inducing agent or principal to act on belief that principal or agent will be held exclusively liable.
188 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-188. Liability of pretended agent.
189 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-189. Person falsely contracting as agent not entitled to performance.
190 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-190. Liability of principal inducing belief that agent's unauthorized acts were authorized.
191 EFFECT OF AGENCY ON CONTRACT WITH THIRD PERSONS-191. Effects, on agreement, of misrepresentation or fraud by agent.
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