MAHARASHTRA PREVENTION OF WATER POLLUTION ACT, 1969

Act No. 41 of 1970

04th April 1970

An Act to provide for the prevention, abatement and control of pollution of streams in the State; for the maintaining or restoring of wholesomeness of such streams, for the constitution of the Board, and for conferring on such Board functions relating thereto, and for purposes connected with the matters aforesaid. WHEREAS, due to rapid industrial development in the State, a large number of industries spring up at various places adjoining rivers and streams, without making any adequate provision for treating industrial waste which is let out into such rivers and streams; AND WHEREAS, the Government of Maharashtra being aware of the gravity of the problem, by Government Resolution in the Urban Development and Public Health Department, No. MDR 3661/23921-M, dated the 17th September 1963 (as modified by subsequent Resolution No. MDR 3361/23921-M, dated the 6th July 1964) app

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S.1 Short title, extent and commencement

(1) This Act may be called the Maharashtra Prevention of Water Pollution Act, 1969.

(2) It extends to the whole of the State of Maharashtra.

(3) It shall come into force on such date 1 as the State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint, and different dates may be appointed for different areas and different provisions of this Act.

1. 7th day of May 1970 (vide G.N., U.D.P.H. and H.D., No. POW. 3670/W, dated 7th May 1970).

S.2 Definitions

In this Act unless the context otherwise requires,--

• (a) " abstraction ", in relation to water contained in any source of supply in a water pollution prevention area, means the doing of anything whereby any of that water is removed from that source of supply, and either--
  • (i) ceases (either permanently or temporarily) to be comprised in the water resources of that area, or
  • (ii) is transferred to another source of supply in that area, and " abstract" shall be construed accordingly;
• (b) " disposal system " means a system for disposing of sewage or trade effluent or waste; and includes sewage and industrial treatment works;
• (c) "functions" includes powers and duties, and any reference to the conferring or exercise of functions shall include a reference to the imposing or performance of duties;
• (d) " pollution " means such contamination of water or such alteration of the physical, chemical or biological p
  

S.3 Constitution of Board for prevention of water pollution

(1) The State Government shall, as soon as practicable, after the commencement of this Act, by notification in the Official Gazette, constitute for the purposes of this Act, a Board to be called the Maharashtra Prevention of Water Pollution Board (in this Act referred to as " the Board ") to carry out the functions assigned to it by or under this Act.

(2) The Board shall consist of the following members, namely:--

• (a) a Chairman to be nominated by the State Government;
• (b) seven officials to be nominated by the State Government:
• (c) two members to be nominated by the State Government from amongst members of local authorities functioning in the State:
• (d) two members to be nominated by the State Government to represent the interests of persons concerned with carrying on of agriculture, fisheries, any industry or trade or any other interests which, in the opinion of the State Government, ought to be represented:
• (e) a member-sec
  

S.4 Terms and conditions of service of members

(1) Save as otherwise provided by or under this Act, a member of the Board, other than the member-secretary, shall hold office for a term of three years from the date of his nomination or until successor has been duly nominated, whichever is longer.

(2) A member of the Board, other than the member-secretary and Government officials, may at any time resign his office by writing under his hand addressed--

• (a) in the case of Chairman, to the State Government: and
• (b) in any other case, to the Chairman of the Board:

and the seat of the Chairman or such other member shall thereupon become vacant.

(3) A member of the Board, other than the member-secretary and, Government officials, shall be deemed to have vacated his seat if he is absent, without the permission of the Board, from three consecutive meetings thereof or where he is nominated under clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 3, if he ceases to be a member of a local authority, o

S.5 Meetings of Board

The Board shall meet not less than thrice a year but four months shall not intervene between its last sitting and the date appointed for its next sitting and shall observe such rules of procedure in regard to the transaction of business at its meetings as may be prescribed.

S.6 Disqualifications of non-official members

A person shall be disqualified for being appointed or continuing as a non-official member, if he--

• (a) is of unsound mind, and stands so declared by a competent court;
• (b) is an undischarged insolvent: or
• (c) is, or has been convicted of an offence involving moral turpitude.

S.7 Removal of members

If the State Government is of opinion that any member is guilty of misconduct in the discharge of his duties, or is incompetent to perform or has become incapable of performing his duties as a member or should for any other good and sufficient reason be removed, the State Government may, after giving the member an opportunity to show cause against his removal, by notification in the Official Gazette, remove him from office.

S.8 Executive Committee

(1) There shall be an Executive Committee of the Board, which shall consist of--

• (a) the Chairman,
• (b) two official members of the Board specified by the State Government,
• (c) one other member of the Board to be nominated by the State Government,
• (d) the member-secretary.

(2) The Chairman of the Board shall also be the Chairman of the Executive Committee: and the member-secretary shall also be the Secretary of the Executive Committee.

(3) Subject to the general control, direction and superintendence of the Board, the Executive Committee shall be competent to deal with any matter within the competence of the Board.

S.9 Constitution of sub-committees

(1) The Board may constitute as many sub-committees (including area-subcommittees for water pollution prevention areas) consisting wholly of members, or partly of members and partly of other persons, and for such purpose or purposes as it may think fit.

(2) A sub-committee constituted under this section shall meet at such time and place and shall observe such rules of procedure in regard to the transaction of business at its meetings, as may be prescribed by regulations made by the Board.

(3) The members of a sub-committee (other than the members of the Board) shall be paid such fees and allowances for attending its meetings and for attending to any other work of the Board as may be prescribed.

S.10 Temporary association of persons with Board for particular purposes

(1) The Board may associate with itself in such manner, and for such purposes, as may be prescribed any person whose assistance or advice it may desire in performing any of its functions under this Act.

(2) A person so associated with the Board under sub-section (1) for any purpose shall have a right to take part in the discussions of the Board relevant to that purpose, but shall not have a right to vote at a meeting of the Board, and shall not be a member for any other purpose.

S.11 Vacancy in Board not to invalidate acts or proceeding

No act or proceedings of the Board, Executive Committee or any subcommittee thereof shall be called in question on the ground merely of the existence of any vacancy in, or any defect in the constitution of the Board, the Executive Committee, or as the case may be, any sub-committee.

S.12 Member-Secretary of Board

(1) The member-secretary of the Board shall be a whole-time officer and the terms and conditions of his service shall be such as may be prescribed.

(2) He shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as may be prescribed or as may, from time to time, be delegated to him by the Board or its Chairman.

S.13 Officers and servants of Board

(1) For the efficient exercise of the powers and functions of the Board by or under this Act, the Chairman of the Board may, with the previous approval of the State Government, appoint such technical and administrative officers and staff as may be considered necessary.

(2) The officers and staff so appointed shall be entitled to receive such salaries and allowances, and shall be governed by such terms and conditions of service, as may be determined by the State Government.

(3) The officers and staff so appointed under this section shall work under the control of the Chairman and shall be subordinate to him.

S.14 Expenses of Board

All expenses incurred by the Board including expenses incurred on account of salaries and allowances of the member-secretary, the officers and staff shall be met from such funds as may be placed at the disposal of the Board by the State Government.

S.15 Functions of Board

(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, the functions of the Board shall be--

• (a) to advise the State Government to conserve the streams in the State, and to maintain them in natural state:
• (b) to protect, maintain and improve the quality thereof for the purpose of supply of water to the public, for preservation of animal, plant and aquatic life, and for domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural recreational and other legitimate uses;
• (c) to promote the cleanliness of streams: and
• (d) to plan a State-wide programme by stages, if necessary, for the prevention, abatement and control of pollution of streams and for controlling existing and new discharges, and new outlet of streams in different areas of the State (hereinafter in this section referred to as " matters relating to pollution of streams "), and to secure execution thereof in the water pollution prevention areas.
• (e) to settle standards for effluents and for water qual
  

S.16 General powers of Board

Subject to the provisions of this Act and the rules made thereunder, the Board shall have power,--

• (a) to engage suitable consultants or persons having special knowledge or skill to assist the Board in the performance of its functions;
• (b) with the previous sanction of the State Government, to delegate any of its functions generally or specially to any of the sub-committees appointed under section 9 or officers, and to permit them to redelegate specific powers to their subordinates;
• (c) to do such other things and to perform such acts as the Board may think necessary; so however that, none of such acts or things are inconsistent with the provisions of this Act or rules made thereunder or any other law, for the proper discharge of its functions, and generally for the purpose of carrying into effect the purposes of this Act.

S.17 Directions by State Government

The State Government may issue to the Board such general or special directions as to questions of policy or as to the exercise or performance of its powers or functions by or under this Act, as it may think necessary or expedient for the purpose of carrying into effect the purposes of this Act; and the Board shall be bound to follow and act upon such directions.

S.18 Water pollution prevention areas

(1) The State Government may, after consultation with the Board, by notification in the Official Gazette, define areas (hereinafter referred to as " water pollution prevention areas ") for the purposes of this Act, being areas the drainage of which is directed to the stream or group of streams or areas which are so near any stream or group of streams that the water thereof is likely to be polluted as a result of any sewage or trade effluent or waste passing to or percolating in such stream or group of streams.

(2) Each water pollution prevention area may be defined either by reference to a map or by reference to the line of any watershed or the boundary of any district or partly by one method, and partly by another or by both.

(3) The State Government may after consultation with the Board by like notification in the Official Gazette--

• (a) alter any water pollution prevention area whether by way of extension or reduction; or
• (b) define a new water
  

S.19 Power of Board to obtain information

(1) For the purpose of enabling the Board to perform the functions entrusted to it by or under this Act the Board or any officer empowered by it in that behalf may make surveys of any water pollution prevention area and gauge and keep records of the flow or volume and other characteristics of any stream in that area and may take steps for the measurement and recording of the rainfall in that area or any part thereof and for the installation and maintenance for those purposes of gauges or other apparatus and work connected therewith and may take such other steps as may be necessary in order to obtain any information required for the purposes aforesaid.

(2) The Board may give directions requiring any person who in its opinion is abstracting water from any such stream in the water pollution prevention area in quantities which are substantial in relation to flow or volume of that stream or is discharging sewage or trade effluent or waste into any such stream to give such informa

S.20 Power to take samples of effluents and procedure to be followed in connection therewith

(1) The Board or any officer empowered by it in this behalf may, subject to the provisions of section 31, take for the purpose of analysis samples of water from any stream or samples of any sewage or trade effluent or waste which is passing from any plant or vessel or from or over any place into any such stream in a water pollution prevention area.

(2) The result of any analysis of a sample of any water, or sewage or trade effluent, or waste taken under sub-section (1) shall not be admissible in evidence in any legal proceeding, unless the provisions of sub-sections (3) and (4) are complied with.

(3) When a sample of any water or sewage or trade effluent or waste is taken for analysis under sub-section (1), the person taking the sample shall,--

• (a) give notice in writing then and there of his intention to have it so analysed to the occupier of the plant, vessel or place or to any responsible agent of such occupier;
• (b) there and then divide the s
  

S.21 Power of entry and inspection

(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, any person empowered by the Board in this behalf shall on producing, if so required, some duly authenticated document showing his authority, have a right at all reasonable hours:--

• (a) to enter any place for the purpose of exercising any functions of the Board entrusted to him:
• (b) for the purpose of determining whether, and if so in what manner, any such functions are to be exercised, or whether any provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder or any notice, order, direction or authorisation served, given, made or granted under this Act is being or has been complied with, to enter any land and inspect or survey the land and inspect any articles thereon:
• (c) to enter any place for the purpose of examining any plant, record, register, document or any other material object or for conducting a search of any place in which he has reason to believe that an offence under this Act or the rules made thereu
  

S.22 Prohibition on use of stream for disposal of polluting matter, etc.

(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, any person who causes or knowingly permits to enter any stream in a water pollution prevention area--

• (a) any poisonous, noxious or polluting matter: or
• (b) any other matter which may tend either directly or in combination with similar acts (whether his own or another's) to impede the proper flow of water of a stream in a manner leading or likely to lead to a substantial aggravation of pollution due to other causes or of its consequences;

shall be deemed to pollute the stream.

Explanation,--For the purpose of this sub-section a person defecating or urinating into or near a stream will be deemed to pollute the stream under this section.

(2) A person shall not be deemed to pollute any stream under sub-section (1) by reason only of having done or caused to be done any of the following acts, namely:--

• (a) constructing, improving or maintaining in or across or on the bank or bed of
  

S.23 Control of existing discharges

(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act no person shall, on and after the date appointed under this section make a discharge of trade or sewage effluent or waste to a stream in a water pollution prevention area (being a discharge which is not controlled under section 28 of this Act), without the consent of the Board, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

(2) An application to the Board for its consent under this Act shall state--

• (a) the nature and composition of the effluent or waste from any land or premises in respect of which the application is made:
• (b) the maximum temperature of the effluent or waste at the time when it is to be discharged:
• (c) the maximum quantity of the effluent or waste which it is proposed to discharge on any one day;
• (d) the highest rate at which it is proposed to discharge the effluent or waste; and
• (e) the route of discharge of the effluent up to the stream, duly supported by a copy
  

S.24 Protection while applications are being dealt with

(1) If an application to the Board for its consent under this Act is duly made before the date appointed under the preceding section (and the application is not disposed of before that date), then, until the application is disposed of--

• (a) it shall not be an offence under section 44 of this Act to make a discharge from the land or premises to which the application relates which is of the nature and composition specified in the application, and which does not as respects the period, temperature, volume and rate of discharge, exceed the amounts or limits specified in the application, and
• (b) no notice shall be given under sub-section (4) of the preceding section imposing any condition as respects the making of any such discharge.

(2) For the purpose of this section, an application shall not be regarded as disposed of--

• (a) until the Board gives its consent to the application, or gives notice to the applicant that it refuses to give it
  

S.25 Furnishing of information

(1) The State Government may, for the purpose of assisting the Board to obtain the information required by it to deal with applications for consent under this Chapter prescribe the particulars which may, in accordance with the provisions of the next following sub-section, be required of any applicant with regard to the trade or sewage, effluent or waste which has been or is being or is to be discharged from the land or premises to which the application relates.

(2) Any particulars prescribed under the foregoing sub-section may be included in directions given by the Board under sub-section (2) of section 19 to an applicant for its consent under this Act.

S.26 General provisions as to conditions and consents governing discharges and outlets

(1) The Board shall from time to time review any condition having effect under this Act (other than a condition to be satisfied before a discharge is made or an outlet is brought into use), and may give the person making the discharge or using the outlet, as the case may be, a notice making any reasonable variation of, or revoking, any such condition; and the State Government may, if it thinks fit so to do, direct the Board to vary or revoke any such condition and, if the Board fails within such period as the State Government may allow to give effect to any such condition, the State Government may itself give a notice as aforesaid.

(2) A statement in the form hereto shall be included among the terms of--

• (a) any consent having effect under this Act,
• (b) any notice given under sub-section (4) of section 23, and
• (c) any notice given under this section, other than a notice given with the consent in writing of the person to whom it is given, being
  

S.27 Appeals to State Government

(1) Any question arising under this Chapter--

• (a) whether the consent of the Board has or has not been unreasonably withheld, or
• (b) as to the unreasonableness of the terms of any consent or notice, shall be determined for the purposes of this Chapter by the State Government in accordance with the provisions of this section.

(2) If at any time the Board gives notice to an applicant for consent under this Chapter that it has refused consent, any reference to the State Government to determine whether the Board's consent has been unreasonably withheld shall be made within three months beginning with the date of receipt of the notice.

(3) Any reference to the State Government in respect of the unreasonableness of the terms of any consent or notice shall be made within three months beginning with the date of receipt of the consent or notice.

(4) If, on a reference to the State Government for it to determine a question under sub-section (

S.28 Restrictions on new outlets and new discharges

(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, no person shall in any water pollution prevention area, without the consent of the Board, bring into use any new or altered outlet for the discharge of trade or sewage effluent or waste to a stream or begin to make any new or additional discharge of trade or sewage effluent or waste to a stream.

(2) An application for consent of the Board under sub-section (1) shall be made in the prescribed form, and shall contain particulars regarding the proposed construction, installation or operation of the industrial or commercial establishment or of any disposal system or of any extension or addition thereto, and such other particulars as may be prescribed.

(3) The Board may make such investigation in respect of the application for consent referred to in sub-section (1), and in making any such investigation shall follow such procedure as may be prescribed.

(4) The Board may grant its consent referred to in sub-section (1), s

S.29 Refusal or withdrawal of consent by Board

(1) The Board shall not grant its consent to the bringing into use of a new or altered outlet, unless the outlet is so constructed as to comply with any conditions reasonably imposed by the Board to enable it to exercise its right to take samples of the effluent or waste.

(2) The Board may, from time to time, review any condition, imposed under section 28 (other than a condition to be satisfied before an outlet is brought into use or a new discharge begins to be made), and may give the person using the outlet or making the discharge, as the case may be, a notice (which shall not be less than a period of three months) making any reasonable variation of or revoking any such condition.

S.30 The provisions relating to new discharges and new outlets

(1) The Board shall include in the register maintained by it under sub-section (6) of section 28 such particulars as the State Government may direct of any conditions which have been imposed under this Act in relation to land or premises in every water pollution prevention area, and of the other terms included in pursuance of this Act in any consent or notice.

(2) Any condition imposed under this Act shall continue in force (subject to any variation under this Act) until revoked under this Act, and shall be binding on any person discharging effluent or waste from the land or premises or, as the case may be, using the outlet to which the condition relates.

(3) If the occupier of land or premises from which effluent or waste passes or may pass to a stream by two or more ways meeting at the outlet or a point short of the outlet, gives his consent for the purposes of this sub-section, the power to impose conditions under this Act as to the effluent or waste discharged fro

S.31 Samples of effluent or waste

(1) In any legal proceedings, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is shown, that any sample of effluent or waste taken at an inspection chamber or manhole or other place provided in compliance with a condition imposed under this Act in relation to any waters is a sample of what was passing from the land or premises to those waters.

(2) The Board may agree with the occupier of any land or premises from which effluent or waste is discharged on the point or points at which, in exercise of the Board's rights, samples are to be taken of the effluent or waste passing into any waters, and in any legal proceedings, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is shown, that any sample of effluent or waste taken at a point fixed under this section is a sample of what was passing from the land or premises to those waters.

(3) An agreement under the last foregoing sub-section shall have effect in relation to the land or premises notwithstanding any change of occupation, but the

S.32 Appeals

(1) Any person aggrieved by an order made under section 28, section 29 or section 30 may, within thirty days from the date on which the order is communicated to him, prefer an appeal to an appellate officer having the prescribed qualifications who shall be a person nominated in this behalf by the State Government:

Provided that, the appellate officer may entertain the appeal after the expiry of the said period of thirty days, if he is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time.

(2) On receipt of an appeal under sub-section (1), the appellate officer shall, after giving the appellant and the Board an opportunity of being heard, dispose of the appeal as expeditiously as possible.

(3) If the appellate officer determines that the withholding of consent, or any condition imposed, or the variation of any condition, as the case may be, was unreasonable, then--

• (a) where the appeal is in respect of the wi
  

S.33 Emergency measures in case of pollution of streams

(1) Where it appears to the Board that any poisonous, noxious or polluting matter is present in any stream or has entered that stream in consequence of an accident or other unforeseen act or event, the Board may, subject to the following provisions of this section, carry out such operations as the Board considers necessary or expedient for either or all of the following purposes, that is to say--

• (a) removing that matter from the stream and disposing of it in such manner as the Board considers appropriate;
• (b) remedying or mitigating any pollution caused by its presence in the stream: and
• (c) immediately restraining or prohibiting discharge of any harmful, poisonous or toxic waste into stream, or from making insanitary use of the stream.

(2) The power conferred by the preceding sub-section does not include power to construct any works other than works of a temporary character which are removed on or before the completion of the operation

S.34 Revision

(1) The State Government may, at any time, either of its own motion, or on application made to it in this behalf, call for the records of any case where an order has been passed by the Board under section 28, section 29 or section 30 or records of any case falling under section 33 for the purpose of satisfying itself as to the legality or propriety of any such order and may pass such order in relation thereto as it may think fit:

Provided that, the State Government shall not pass an order prejudicial to any person without affording such person a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

(2) The State Government shall not revise any order passed under section 28, section 29 or section 30 where an appeal against that order lies to the appellate officer, but has not been preferred and the time within which such appeal may be preferred has not expired, or Where an appeal has been preferred and is pending before the appellate officer.

S.35 Powers of Board to carry out certain works

(1) Where under this Act any conditions have been imposed on any person for making any existing discharges, or for bringing into use any new or altered outlet for the discharge of trade or sewage effluent or waste to a stream or for making any new or additional discharge of trade or sewage effluent or waste to a stream, and such conditions require such person to execute any work (including any treatment work) in connection with such existing discharge or new or altered outlet, or for such new or additional discharge, and such work has not been executed within such time as may be specified in this behalf, the Board may serve a notice on the person concerned requiring him within such time (not being less than thirty days) as may be specified in the notice to execute the work specified therein.

(2) If the notice referred to in sub-section (1) is not complied with, then after the expiration of the time specified in the notice, the Board may itself execute the work required to be

S.36 Payments to Board

The State Government may, after due appropriation made by the State Legislature by law in this behalf, pay to the Board in each financial year such sums as the State Government may consider necessary for the performance of the functions of the Board under this Act.

S.37 Fund of Board

(1) The Board shall have its own fund, and all sums which may, from time to time, be paid to it by the State Government, and all other receipts of the Board shall be credited to the fund of the Board, and all payments by the Board shall be made therefrom.

(2) The Board may expend such sums as it thinks fit for performing its functions under this Act and such sums shall be treated as expenditure payable out of the fund of that Board.

S.38 Budget

The Board shall prepare, in such form and at such time each year as may be prescribed a budget in respect of the financial year next ensuing showing the estimated receipt and expenditure, and copies thereof shall be forwarded to the State Government.

S.39 Annual report

(1) The Board shall prepare and forward to the State Government in such form and as may be prescribed an annual report, within six months from the end of every year, giving a true and full account of its activities during the previous year.

(2) Every such report shall be laid before each House of the State Legislature within six months from the time it is received by State Government.

S.40 Accounts and audit

(1) The Board shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and prepare an annual statement of accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the State Government in consultation with the Accountant General, Maharashtra.

(2) The accounts of the Board shall be audited by the Accountant General, Maharashtra, and any person appointed by him in connection with the audit of the accounts of the Board shall have the same rights and privileges and authority in connection with such audit as the Accountant General has in connection with the audit of Government accounts, and in particular, shall have the right to demand the production of books, accounts, connected vouchers and other documents and papers and to inspect any of the Offices of the Board.

(3) The accounts of the Board as certified by the Accountant General or any other person appointed by him in this behalf together with the auditor's report thereon shall be forwarded annually to the State Government: and

S.41 Failure to comply with directions under section 17

Whoever intentionally fails to comply with any directions given under section 19 within such time as may be specified in the directions shall, in respect of each such failure, on conviction, be punished with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees: and in case the failure continues, with an additional fine which may extend to one hundred rupees for every day during which such failure continues after conviction for the first such failure.

S.42 Penalty for obstruction

Whoever voluntarily obstructs any person lawfully exercising a right conferred by or under this Act to enter any land or any vessel or to carry out any inspection or survey or to make copies of or extracts from any documents or to obtain and take away samples shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three months or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees or with both.

S.43 Penalty for certain acts

If any person--

• (a) wilfully destroys, pulls down, injuries or defaces toy notice or other matter posted by the authority of the Board or such matter inscribed and placed by the Board:
• (b) wilfully obstructs any person duly acting under the orders or directions of the Board in setting out the lines of any works, or pulls up or removes any pillar, post or stake fixed in the ground for the purpose of setting out the lines of such works, or defaces or destroys any works made for the same purposes or in carrying out any operations or orders under this Act; or
• (c) wilfully damages any works or property belonging to the Board: or
• (d) wilfully neglects to furnish any officer or other employee of the Board any information required by him for the purposes of this Act;

he shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three months, or with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees, or with both.

S.44 Contravention of prohibitory provisions of section 22, etc.

Whoever intentionally contravenes the provisions of sub-section (1) of section 22 or who knowingly causes or permits to enter a stream by an outlet, or from any place or premises or plant or vessel, in relation to which conditions have been imposed under section 23, any trade or sewage effluent or waste not complying with those conditions, shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three months or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both, and in the case of a continuing contravention, with an additional fine, which may extend to one hundred rupees for every day during which such contravention continues after conviction for the first such contravention.

S.45 Penalty for new or altered outlet or new discharges without consent of Board

Whoever, in contravention of the provisions of section 28, brings into use a new or altered outlet or begins to make a new discharge without obtaining the consent of the Board or without observing any conditions imposed by the Board in giving its consent under that section (being conditions to be satisfied before the outlet is brought into use or the new discharge begins to be made), shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three months or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both.

S.46 Enhanced penalty after previous conviction

If any person who has bean convicted of any offence punishable under this Act is again found guilty of an offence involving a contravention of the same provision, he shall, on conviction, be punished on a subsequent conviction with imprisonment which may extend to six months but shall not be less than three months, and with fine which may extend to two thousand rupees, or both.

S.47 Offences by companies

(1) Where an offence under this Act has been committed by a company, every person who at the time the offence was committed was in charge of, and was responsible to the company for the conduct of, the business of the company, as well as the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly:

Provided that, nothing contained in this sub-section shall render any such person liable to any punishment provided in this Act, if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge, or that he exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where an offence under this Act has been committed by a company and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company, such directo

S.48 Sanction of prosecution

No legal proceedings or prosecution for an offence punishable under this Act shall be instituted, until the expiration of one month after notice has been given to the offender that the taking of such proceedings or prosecution is being considered, and no legal proceedings or prosecution instituted shall be withdrawn, except with the previous sanction of the Board, or any officer authorised by the Board in this behalf.

S.49 Jurisdiction of courts

No court inferior to that of a Presidency Magistrate or a Magistrate of the first class shall try an offence punishable under this Act.

S.50 Cognizance of offences

No court shall take cognizance of any offence under this Act except on complaint made by, or with the previous sanction in writing of the Board.

S.51 Compounding of offences

(1) The Board by general or special order in this behalf may either before or after the institution of the legal proceedings or prosecution with the permission of the court compound any offence punishable by or under this Act subject to such terms' and conditions as may be laid down by the Board in this behalf:

Provided that, the Board before campounding any offence shall not accord its approval unless the accused pays to the Board by way of composition of the offence such sum as may be determined by it. Such sum shall not be less than one-half of the maximum amount of fine prescribed for the offence, and if the fine prescribed therefor is unlimited, shall not be less than five hundred rupees.

(2) When an offence has been compounded, the offender, if in custody, shall be discharged: and no further proceedings shall be taken against him in respect of the offence so compounded.

S.52 State Water Testing and Waste Characterisation Laboratory

(1) The State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette,--

• (a) establish a State Water Testing and Waste Characterisation Laboratory, or
• (b) specify any laboratory or institute as a State Water Testing and Waste Characterisation Laboratory, to carry out the functions entrusted to the State Water Testing and Waste Characterisation Laboratory by this Act or any rules made thereunder.

(2) The State Government may, after consultation with the Board, make rules prescribing--

• (a) the functions of the State Water Testing and Waste Characterisation Laboratory;
• (b) the procedure for the submission to the said laboratory of samples of water or of sewage or trade effluent or waste for analysis, test or characterisation, the form of the report of the Government analyst thereon and fees payable in respect of such analysis, test or characterisation and report;
• (c) such other matters as may be necessary or expedient
  

S.53 Government analyst

The State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint such persons as it thinks fit, having the prescribed qualifications to be Government analysts for such water pollution prevention areas as may be assigned to them by the State Government.

S.54 Report of Government analyst

(1) The Government analyst shall deliver, in such form as may be prescribed, a report to the Board or to the person taking any sample under this Act of the result of the analysis of such sample sent to him for analysis.

(2) Subject to the provisions of section 20, any documents purporting to be a report signed by a Government analyst may be used as evidence of the facts stated therein in any proceeding under this Act.

S.55 Returns and reports

The Board shall furnish to the State Government such reports, returns, statistics, accounts and other information with respect to its fund or activities as the State Government may, from time to time, require.

S.56 Authentication of orders and documents of Board

All permissions, orders, decisions, notices and other documents of the Board shall be authenticated for and on behalf of the Board by the signature of the member-secretary or any officer authorised by the Board in this behalf.

S.57 Service of notices, etc.

(1) All notices, orders and other documents required by this Act or any rule made thereunder to be served on any person shall, save as otherwise provided in this Act or such rule be deemed to be duly served--

• (a) where the person to be served is a company the service is effected in accordance with the provisions of section 51 of the Companies Act, 1956(1 of 1956):
• (b) where the person to be served is a firm, if the document is addressed to the firm at its principal place of business, identifying it by the name and style under which its business is carried on, and either--
  • (i) sent under a certificate of posting or by registered post, or
  • (ii) left at the office:
• (c) where the person to be served is a local body or a statutory public body or a corporation or other body, if the document is addressed to the Secretary, Treasurer or other head officers of that body or corporation at its principal office, and is eith
  

S.58 Notices, etc. to fix reasonable time

Where any notice, order or other document issued or made under this Act or any rule made thereunder requires anything to be done for the doing of which no time is fixed in this Act or the rules, the notice, order or other document shall specify a reasonable time for doing the same or complying therewith.

S.59 Local authorities to assist

All local authorities shall render such help and assistance and furnish such information to the Board as the Board may require for carrying out its functions, and shall make available to the Board for inspection and examination such records, maps, plans and other documents as may be necessary for the discharge of its functions.

S.60 Protection of action taken in good faith

No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall lie against any member, officer or servant of the Board or of Government for anything in good faith done or intended to be done by or under this Act, or any rule made thereunder.

S.61 Over-riding effect

The provisions of this Act shall have effect notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in any enactment other than this Act.

S.62 Power of State Government to make rules

(1) The State Government may, after consultation with the Board and subject to the condition of previous publication, make rules to carry out the purposes of this Act.

(2) Every rule made under this Act shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of the State Legislature while it is in session for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session in which it is so laid or the session immediately following, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall from the date of publication of a notification in the Official Gazette, of such decision have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be: so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule.

S.63 Power to delegate

The State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, delegate any power (other than the power to make rules) exercisable by it under this Act or the rules made thereunder to any officer of the State Government.

S.64 Members, officers and staff of Board to be public servants

All members, officers, and servants of the Board, when acting or purporting to act in pursuance of any of the provisions of this Act and rules made thereunder shall be deemed to be public servants within the meaning of section 21 of the Indian Penal Code (XLV of 1860).

S.65 Power of Board to acquire land

The Board may take steps for the compulsory acquisition of any land or any interest therein required for the purposes of this Act, in the manner provided in the Land Acquisition Act, 1894(I of 1894); and the acquisition of any land or any interest therein for the purposes of this Act shall be deemed to be acquisition for a public purpose within the meaning of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894(I of 1894).