RANGANATH MISRA, K.RAMASWAMY, P.B.SAWANT
UNION OF INDIA – Appellant
Versus
MOHD RAMZAN KHAN – Respondent
How to determine whether Forty-second Amendment affects the right to a copy of the inquiry report in disciplinary proceedings? What is the obligation to supply a copy of the inquiry report to a delinquent officer after an Inquiry Officer furnishes the report? What are the rights of a delinquent officer to represent regarding the report and proposed punishment in disciplinary proceedings?
Key Points: - The judgment discusses whether the Forty-Second Amendment changes the requirement to furnish a copy of the inquiry report to the delinquent officer (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) . - It holds that supply of a copy of the inquiry report along with recommendations, if any, is within the rules of natural justice and remains applicable post-amendment (prospective application) (!) (!) (!) . - If there is an Inquiry Officer who furnishes a report to the disciplinary authority, the delinquent is entitled to a copy of that report and the opportunity to make representations (!) (!) . - Non-furnishing of the inquiry report would violate natural justice and render the final order liable to challenge (!) . - The Court set aside disciplinary actions where the report was not supplied, indicating a violation of natural justice in those cases (!) . - The decision clarifies the distinction between inquiries conducted by the disciplinary authority vs. by an Inquiry Officer regarding the need for a report (!) (!) (!) . - The Court cites prior cases on natural justice, including Goel, Bhaishankar Joshi, and Gujarat Teredesai, to establish the entitlement to a copy of the report and opportunity to respond (!) (!) (!) . - The judgment emphasizes that the second stage of Art. 311(2) has been removed, but the delinquent remains entitled to representation against conclusions and to copies of the record when an Inquiry Officer is involved (!) (!) . - The ruling applies to appeals from Union of India vs. Mohammad Ramzan Khan and states that judgments of High Courts adopting the post-42nd amendment view are no longer good law (!) (!) . - The judgment specifies that where a report is furnished with or without proposal of punishment, it constitutes material for the disciplinary authority’s consideration (!) .
JUDGMENT
RANGANATH MISRA, J.
( 1 ) SPECIAL leave ranted in special leave petitions. All the Civil Appeals by special leave are heard together.
( 2 ) THE short point that falls for determination in this bunch of appeals is as to whether with the alteration of the provisions of Art. 311 (2) under the Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution doing away with the opportunity of showing cause against the proposed punishment, the delinquent has lost his right to be entitled to a copy of the report of enquiry in the disciplinary proceedings.
( 3 ) SUB-ART. (2) of Art. 311 in the original Constitution read thus:"no such person as aforesaid shall be dismissed or removed or reduced in rank until he has been given a reasonable opportunity of showing cause against the action proposed to be taken in regard to him;"the effect of this provision came to be considered by a Constitution Bench of this Court in Khem Chand v. Union of India, 1958 SCR 1080: (AIR 1958 SC 300 ). The learned Chief Justice traced the history of the growth of the service jurisprudence relating to security of the civil service in the country beginning from the Government of India Act of 1915 followed by S. 240 of the Governmen
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