Karnataka High Court convicts advocate Pankaj Kaushik for criminal contempt for appearing drunk in court

The Karnataka High Court has convicted an advocate of criminal contempt, sentencing him to one day's imprisonment and a fine of ₹2,000 for appearing drunk in court and shouting at a judicial officer. The bench of Justice Anu Sivaraman and Justice Venkatesh Naik T found that the advocate, Pankaj Kaushik, committed "aggravated contempt" by making scurrilous statements and disrupting proceedings.

Two Incidents of Misconduct

The case arose from two incidents in April 2022 before the Additional Civil Judge and JMFC-II, Karwar. On April 8, despite his case not being listed, Kaushik appeared in court and yelled at the presiding officer, alleging the judge had taken bribes from his wife in a domestic violence case. He also shouted at the bench clerk. Although he submitted an apology letter on April 11, his behavior worsened.

Just days later, on April 20, Kaushik returned to the same court in an inebriated state. While senior counsel K.R. Desai was arguing a matter, Kaushik interrupted him in a "disrespectful tone" and demanded that his case be heard. When the judge intervened, Kaushik continued yelling. He was sent to the Civil Hospital, Karwar, where a certificate of drunkenness was issued.

The Court's Legal Analysis

The High Court examined Section 2(c) of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971, which defines criminal contempt as acts that scandalise or lower the authority of a court, interfere with judicial proceedings, or obstruct the administration of justice. The bench relied on Supreme Court precedents, including Rajendra Sail v. M.P. High Court Bar Association , which held that alleging bias against judges constitutes contempt, and Prashant Bhushan, In Re , which clarified that freedom of speech does not protect hostile criticism that scandalises the judiciary.

The court rejected Kaushik's defence that he suffered from epilepsy and was his bedridden mother's sole caretaker. It noted that he had "not been able to place any mitigating circumstances " and had shown no remorse.

Key Observations from the Bench

The judgment sharply criticised Kaushik's conduct:

"He has committed aggravated contempt in the face of the Court by scurrilous, scandalous and baseless statements against Judicial Officers as well as the Judges of the Court."

The bench further observed:

"Far from expressing any remorse for the initial criminal contempt committed by him, he has attempted to justify his actions and has proceeded to make scandalous and unfounded statements against the judicial institution as a whole."

The Sentence and Its Implications

Finding the charges proved, the court convicted Kaushik under Section 12(1) of the Contempt of Courts Act . At sentencing, the bench noted that he "has not expressed any regret and continues his adamant stand." Considering the gravity of the contempt, his age, and profession, the court imposed a sentence of simple imprisonment for one day—until the rising of the court—along with a fine of ₹2,000, payable within 15 days. In default, he must undergo an additional day of simple imprisonment .

The court ordered that Kaushik be taken into custody forthwith to serve the sentence and directed the Registrar (Judicial) to issue a conviction warrant under Rule 16 of the High Court of Karnataka (Contempt of Court Proceedings) Rules, 1981. The ruling underscores that even advocates who are parties in person must maintain courtroom decorum and respect for judicial authority, or face serious consequences.