Letter to Chief Minister's Cell Not Substitute for Criminal Complaint: Madras High Court

Dismissing a public interest litigation over allegedly missing temple idols, the Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court has firmly reiterated that a letter to the Chief Minister’s Cell cannot replace the established criminal complaint procedure under the BNSS 2023.

A Division Bench of Justice C.V. Karthikeyan and Justice R. Sakthivel on September 8, 2026, rejected a PIL filed by Raja, a social activist, seeking a CBI probe into the disappearance of two idols from the Arulmighu Kalatheeswarar Abirami Temple in Dindigul.

A Complaint That Went Astray

The petitioner claimed that two idols – a Karudalvar Idol and a Bala Durgai Amman idol attached to pillars – were missing from the temple, also known as the Abirami Amman Temple. Instead of lodging a formal complaint with the police, he sent a letter to the Chief Minister’s Cell. That letter was subsequently forwarded to the Idol Smuggling Prevention Division, which issued the impugned communication.

The petitioner then approached the High Court directly with a PIL, seeking to quash that communication and transfer the investigation to the Central Bureau of Investigation.

Court's Firm Reminder on Legal Procedure

The Bench was unequivocal in its view that a PIL cannot be a shortcut to bypass the statutory criminal justice process. The court noted that the proper course under the BNSS 2023 requires a complainant to first approach the appropriate investigating agency, and if no action is taken, to then seek remedies before the jurisdictional Magistrate.

“The procedure known to law has to be followed by the petitioner and by everybody else,” the court observed. “Merely issuing a letter to the Chief Minister's Cell and then filing a public interest litigation would not advance the cause of the petitioner herein.”

Respondent's Contention: Idols Are Still There

Significantly, the court also recorded the submission of the first respondent – the Additional Director General of Police, Idol Smuggling Prevention Division – that the two idols are actually available in the temple. They are not being worshipped only because of damage, the state contended.

Liberty to Follow Due Process

While dismissing the writ petition, the court granted the petitioner liberty to pursue a properly filed criminal complaint in accordance with law. The judges clarified that their observations would not influence any investigating agency or court that might deal with such a complaint in future.

“We would grant liberty to the petitioner to follow the procedure as established by law with respect to the same issue in proper manner,” the order stated.

Key Takeaways

The judgment serves as a clear reminder that public interest litigation is not a substitute for the statutory criminal complaint mechanism. It underscores the importance of following the hierarchy of remedies – from the police to the Magistrate – before invoking the High Court's writ jurisdiction.

The court's decision also highlights that a letter to the Chief Minister's Cell, however well-intentioned, does not trigger the formal investigative machinery that a criminal complaint would. For individuals seeking action on alleged offences, the BNSS 2023 provides the only legal pathway.