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2014 Supreme(SC) 58

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
P. SATHASIVAM, CJI., RANJAN GOGOI, SHIVA KIRTI SINGH, JJ.
MONTFORD BROTHERS OF ST. GABRIEL & ANR. – APPELLANTS
VS.
UNITED INDIA INSURANCE & ANR. ETC. – RESPONDENTS
CIVIL APPEAL NOS. 3269-3270 OF 2007
Decided On : 28-01-2014

Headnote:Motor Vehicles Act, 1988-Section 166 -Accidental death of `Brother' belonging to the appellant-society in a motor vehicular accident-Whether appellant society, aconstituent unit of Catholic Churchis competent to claim compensationunder the Motor Vehicle Act for the accidental death of `Brother' belonging to the appellant-society-Held while considering the quantum of compensation for claimants Tribunal adopted a very cautious approach and framed aquestion for itself as to what should be the criterion for assessingcompensation in such case where the deceased was a Roman Catholic andjoined the church services after denouncing his family, and as such having no actual dependants or earning- For answering this issue Tribunalrelied not only upon judgments of American and English Courts but also uponIndian judgments for coming to the conclusion that even a religious orderor organization may suffer considerable loss due to death of a voluntary worker- High Court erred in law in setting aside judgment of Tribunal by ignoring the fact that respondent-InsuranceCompany had not pressed said nor it had pleaded and led evidence inrespect to said issue- The Court explained that the appellants werethe legal representatives of the deceased- Such an issue of facts could not bedecided by the High Court for the first time in a writ petition which couldonly be entertained under Article 227 of the Constitution for limited purpose-Impugned orders of High Court set aside and that of Tribunal Restored-Appeals allowed to said extent (Paras 16 to 19)

       Facts of the Case :

        Theonly issue that arose for consideration in present case was Whether appellant society, aconstituent unit of Catholic Church is competent to claim compensationunder the Motor Vehicle Act for the accidental death of `Brother' belonging to the appellant-society?.

       Findings of the Court :

        The Supreme Court held thatwhile considering the quantum of compensation for claimants Tribunal adopted a very cautious approach and framed aquestion for itself as to what should be the criterion for assessingcompensation in such case where the deceased was a Roman Catholic andjoined the church services after denouncing his family, and as such having no actual dependants or earning. For answering this issue Tribunalrelied not only upon judgments of American and English Courts but also uponIndian judgments for coming to the conclusion that even a religious orderor organization may suffer considerable loss due to death of a voluntary worker. The Tribunal relying upon judgment reported in AIR1987 Pat. 239, held that the term `legal representative' is wideenough to include even "intermeddlers" with the estate of a deceased. High Court erred in law in setting aside judgment of Tribunal by ignoring the fact that respondent-InsuranceCompany had not pressed said nor it had pleaded and led evidence inrespect to said issue. The Court explained that the appellants werethe legalrepresentatives of the deceased. Such an issue of facts could not bedecided by the High Court for the first time in a writ petition which couldonly be entertained under Article 227 of the Constitution for limited purpose. Impugned orders of High Court were set aside and that of Tribunalwas Restored. Appeals were allowed to saidextent.

       Result : Appeals allowed

       

JUDGMENT

SHIVA KIRTI SINGH, J.

1. Heard learned counsel for the appellants and learned counsel for the respondent-Insurance Company.

2. The facts relevant for deciding this appeal are not in dispute and hence noted only in brief.

3. The appellant No.1 is a charitable society registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1960. It runs various institutions as a constituent unit of Catholic Church. It is running various orphanages, industrial schools and other social service activities besides number of educational schools/institutions. Its members after joining the appellant society renounce the world and are known as "Brother". Such a 'Brother' severs his all relations with the natural family and is bound by the constitution of the society which includes Article 60 quoted in paragraph 3of the order dated 10.12.2003 passed in Review Petition No.4 of 2002 and in annexure P.5 as such: "Whatever the 'Brother' receives by way of salary, subsidies, gifts, pension or from insurance or other such benefits belongs to the community as by right and goes into the common purse.

4. "Appellant No.2 is Principal of St. Paul's Higher Secondary School, Aizawal, Mizoram and represents appellant no.1 as well.

5. One 'Brother' of the Society, namely, Alex Chandy Thomas was a Director-cum-Head master of St. Peter High School and he died in a motor accident on 22.06.1992. The accident was between a Jeep driven by the deceased and a Maruti Gypsy covered by insurance policy issued by the respondent Insurance Company. At the time of death the deceased was aged34 years and was drawing monthly salary of Rs.4,190/-. The claim petition bearing No.55 of 1992 was filed before M.A.C.T., Aizawal by appellant no.2 on being duly authorized by the appellant no.1-the society. The owner of the Gypsy vehicle discussed in his written statement that vehicle was duly insured and hence liability, if any, was upon the Insurance Company.

The respondent-Insurance Company also filed a written statement and thereby raised various objections to the claim. But as is clear from the written statement under Annexure P.2 it never raised the issue that since the deceased was a 'Brother' and therefore without any family or heir, the appellant could not file claim petition for want of locus standi. The issueno.1 regarding maintainability of claim petition was not pressed by the respondents. The Tribunal awarded a compensation of Rs.2,52,000/- in favour of the claimant and against the opposite parties with a direction to the insurer to deposit Rs.2,27,000/- with the Tribunal as Rs.25,000/- had already been deposited as interim compensation. The Tribunal also permitted interest at the rate of 12% per annum, but from the date of judgment dated 14.07.1994 passed in MACT case Nos. 55 and 82 of 1992.

6. Instead of preferring appeal against the order of the Tribunal, the respondent-Company preferred a writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India before the Gauhati High Court and by the impugned order under appeal dated 20.08.2002, the High Court allowed the aforesaid writ petition (C) No.20 of 2002 ex-parte, and held the judgment and order of the learned Tribunal to be invalid and incompetent being in favour of person/persons who according to the High court were not competent to claim compensation under the Motor Vehicle Act.

This was the only ground of challenge to the judgment and Award of the Tribunal. The High Court, however, did not disturb the Award of Rs.25,000/- already made as interim compensation. Review Petition preferred by the appellants was also rejected on 10.12.2003 but after noticing the relevant facts relating to locus of the appellants.

7. From the facts noted above, it is evident that there is no dispute between the parties with regard to the quantum of compensation determined by the Tribunal and the only issue is whether the High Court was correct in law in holding that the appellants are not competent to claim compensation under the Motor Vehicle Act for the ac






















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