SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
Sanjay Kishan Kaul, M.M. Sundresh, JJ.
Aman Preet Singh – Appellant
Versus
C.B.I. Through Director – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 929 of 2021 (Arising out of SLP(Crl.) No. 5234 of 2021)
Decided On : 02-09-2021
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 – Section 87, 436, 170, 173 – Evidence is sufficient – Report of police officer on completion of investigation – Criminal Appeal – Leave granted – Misconception and misunderstanding – It cannot be disputed that prosecution did not seek interrogation of appellant on or before filing of charge sheet – Charge sheet has been filed – This being position, learned counsel for appellant confines relief only to appear before Trial Court and apply for regular bail and he be not arrested in that period of time – In given factual situation, Court grant protection to appellant for a period, within which he may apply for regular bail before Trial Court and obtain necessary orders –Held, Given factual scenario completely fits aforesaid as appellant was never taken into custody during investigation – Suffice to say that it would be a fit case for trial Court to grant bail to appellant on next date on terms and conditions to its satisfaction – As a measure of precaution, largely arising from manner of submission of public prosecutor before trial Court, it is made clear that interim protection granted by this Court would continue till appropriate order is passed by trial Court – In order to prevent situations of kind which have arisen and repeatedly arise, it may be appropriate for High Courts to circulate judgments passed in passed today to trial Courts as problem appear to be endemic – Appeal allowed.
The conclusion of the legal document emphasizes that when a charge sheet has been filed and the investigation did not require custodial interrogation, the accused should not be arbitrarily detained or sent to jail solely because the charge sheet has been submitted. Instead, the accused is entitled to be released on bail, especially if they were not taken into custody during investigation. The court underscores the importance of issuing summons rather than warrants of arrest in such circumstances, and if warrants are issued, proper reasons must be recorded. The document advocates for the protection of the accused's liberty and encourages courts to facilitate their release on bail, considering the circumstances of the case. Additionally, it highlights the need for judicial consistency and the dissemination of relevant judgments to prevent endemic procedural issues at the trial court level. Overall, the emphasis is on ensuring that the principles of bail are adhered to, and that the procedural safeguards are maintained to prevent unnecessary detention of accused persons who do not require custody during investigation.
ORDER :
1. Leave granted.
2. This is one more case based on a misconception and misunderstanding of Section 170, Cr.P.C.!
3. An FIR No. RC16/S/2014, dated 05.06.2014, at PS, CBI/SCB/SPE, Kolkata was registered and during the investigation, the appellant before us had joined the investigation. The appellant approached this Court out of proceedings arising in respect of the plea seeking grant of anticipatory bail in Criminal Appeal No. 468/2021 which was disposed of on 06.05.2021. The said order reads as under :
It cannot be disputed that the prosecution did not seek the interrogation of the appellant on or before filing of the charge sheet. Charge sheet has been filed. This being the position, learned counsel for the appellant confines the relief only to appear before the Trial Court and apply for regular bail and he be not arrested in that period of time.
In the given factual situation, we grant protection to the appellant for a period of 8 weeks, within which he may apply for regular bail before the Trial Court and obtain necessary orders.
xxxxxx”
4. A reading of the aforesaid thus makes it clear that custodial interrogation of the appellant was not required during investigation and charge sheet having been filed, there was really no occasion to arrest the appellant. We thus granted liberty to the appellant to appear before the trial Court and apply for regular bail while protecting him during the interregnum period. The present proceedings have arisen out of the requirement of the appellant to seek regular bail in terms aforesaid. Suffice to say that the special Chief Judicial Magistrate (CBI), Bhubaneshwar, vide order dated 22.07.2019 noticed that since the accused persons had been charge sheeted for Economic offences, it was appropriate to issue non-bailable warrants of arrest against the accused, including the appellant before us.
5. The circumstances under which the impugned order was passed and thereafter the appellant approached this Court was noticed in our order dated 28.07.2021. We may notice that what was stated before us was that as per the SOP in these difficult times, the appellant was supposed to join virtually and when he sought to enter appearance, his request was declined by order dated 09.06.2021 by the Special Chief Judicial Magistrate (CBI), Bhubaneshwar predicated on the reasoning that he had not remained physically present. It is this order which had been upheld by the impugned judgment dated 09.07.2021. We thus protected the appellant against arrest with the direction to continue to attend the trial Court proceedings virtually in the then prevelent scenario and as and when physical Courts start working, the proceedings would be attended physically.
6. It is not in dispute that the appellant had thereafter joined the proceedings physically as proceedings in the Court commenced accordingly.
7. Learned counsel for the appellant has brought to our attention to the proceedings recorded on 26.08.2021 before the Magistrate to submit that the highhandedness of the respondent is apparent from the fact that the public prosecutor, despite these orders from this Court, sought to plead that the appellant had not been allowed any bail, non bailable warrants had been issued against him, the direction of this Court for the appellant not to be arrested did not mean that he could not be sent to judicial custody and since this Court observed that he could attend virtually till physical hearing started, which had by then resumed, he should be sent to judicial custody. We may only note all these submissions are completely inappropriate and indefensible. Neither did the learned Additional Solicitor General seek to contend except stating that those are only submissions. We expect a public prosecutor to be conscious of the legal position and fair while making submissions before the Court. We say no more as at least the Chief Judicial Magistrate understood the order clearly and thus did not agree with the submission of the public
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