SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
(From the High Court of Chhatisgarh at Bilaspur)
M.R. SHAH, SANJIV KHANNA, JJ.
Shivdhar Kumar Vashiya – Appellant
Versus
Ranjeet Singh and others – Respondents
CIVIL APPEAL NO. 433 OF 2022 (Arising out of SLP(Civil) No. 17026 of 2021)
Decided On : 21-01-2022
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 – Section 166 – Injuries suffered in accident – High Court enhanced compensation to Rs. 27,36,541/-, instead of Rs.19,98,000/- as awarded by Tribunal – Doctors of Medical Board examined claimant and doctors assessed 82% permanent disability and it was found that condition of claimant is not likely to improve – On evidence, it was found that claimant is bedridden and not in a position to do/perform his daily activities without help of others – On appreciation of evidence, the Tribunal assessed permanent partial disability at 70% – Considering grievous injuries suffered by claimant and permanent partial disability and prolonged hospitalisation, Rs. 50,000/- awarded towards loss of amenities, joy and Rs. 50,000/- awarded towards pain/sufferings respectively can be said to be on lower side – In facts and circumstances of case, under heads, loss of amenities, joy and towards pain/sufferings respectively, if a further sum of Rs.2,00,000/- [over and above Rs.1,00,000/- (Rs. 50,000/- on each count)] is awarded, it will meet ends of justice – Total compensation of Rs.29,36,541/- alongwith 7% interest awarded. (Paras 3.1, 3.2, 5 and 6)
Facts of the case:
Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order dated 24.08.2020 passed by the High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur in MAC No. 623/2014, by which the High Court has partly allowed the said appeal preferred by the claimant and enhanced compensation to Rs.27,36,541/- only, the original claimant has preferred present appeal.
Findings of Court:
Claimant shall be entitled to a total sum of Rs.29,36,541/- under different heads including a total sum of Rs.3,00,000/- under the heads “loss of amenities and joy and pain/sufferings”, which shall carry interest at the rate of 7% per annum from the date of application till its realisation.
Result : Appeal allowed in part.
JUDGMENT
M.R. SHAH, J.
1. Leave granted.
1a. Office Report dated 20.01.2022 indicates that ‘No one has entered appearance on behalf of respondent nos. 3 & 4 – Insurance Companies, though served through registered A.D. post.
2. Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order dated 24.08.2020 passed by the High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur in MAC No. 623/2014, by which the High Court has partly allowed the said appeal preferred by the claimant and enhanced the compensation to Rs.27,36,541/- only, the original claimant has preferred the present appeal.
3. That in a vehicular accident between the motor cycle driven by the claimant and the trailer bearing registration No. CG/12/D/8188, the claimant suffered grievous injuries. He was taken to CIMS Hospital, Bilaspur and then to Apollo Hospital, Bilaspur. He remained as indoor patient for 45 days. The claimant suffered multiple injuries over his face; lacerated wound on scalp temporal region; lacerated wound on right ear, swelling over right leg suspected fracture. Discharge Summary issued by the Apollo Hospital, Bilaspur reads as under:
3.1 Doctors of the Medical Board examined the claimant and the doctors assessed 82% permanent disability and it was found that the condition of the claimant is not likely to improve. On evidence, it was found that the claimant is bedridden and not in a position to do/perform his daily activities without the help of others.
3.2 The claimant approached the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, FTC, Korba (CG) (for short, ‘the Tribunal’) claiming compensation under different heads. On appreciation of evidence, the Tribunal assessed the permanent partial disability at 70%. The Tribunal awarded a total sum of Rs.19,98,000/- towards the compensation under different heads. In an appeal preferred by the claimant, the High Court has enhanced the compensation to Rs. 27,36,541/-, instead of Rs.19,98,000/- as awarded by the Tribunal.
3.3 Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court, the claimant has preferred the present appeal.
4. This Court vide order dated 10.11.2021 issued limited notice to consider the case for enhancement of amount towards loss of amenities, joy and pain/sufferings.
5. Having heard learned counsel for the claimant and looking to the grievous injuries suffered by the claimant and permanent partial disability and prolonged hospitalisation and the operations performed for right subfrontal craniotomy and evacuation of basifrontal contusion [03.10.2011]; repair of right ear [03.10.2011]; closed unreamed tibial interlock nailing [03.10.2011]; and Tracheostomy [05.10.2011], we are of the opinion that Rs. 50,000/- awarded towards loss of amenities, joy and Rs. 50,000/- awarded towards pain/sufferings respectively can be said to be on the lower side. In the facts and circumstances of the case, we are of the opinion that under the aforesaid heads, namely, loss of amenities, joy and towards pain/sufferings respectively, if a further sum of Rs.2,00,000/- [over and above Rs.1,00,000/- (Rs. 50,000/- on each count)] is awarded, it will meet the ends of justice.
6. In view of the above and for the reasons stated above, the present appeal is allowed in part. The impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court is modified and it is held that the claimant shall be entitled to a total sum of Rs.29,36,541/- under different heads including a total sum of Rs.3,00,000/- under the heads “loss of amenities and joy an
Quantum of compensation must be commensurate with degree of injury suffered by victim.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the court's authority to enhance compensation for injuries sustained in a motor vehicle accident based on the nature of the injuries and the claima....
Just compensation – Quantum of compensation must be commensurate with degree of injuries suffered by victim of motor accident.
The court emphasized the need for adequate compensation reflecting permanent disability and income loss in motor accident claims.
The court emphasized the need for just and adequate compensation reflecting the claimant’s actual losses, adjusting the amounts for income assessment and injury severity.
Compensation claims in tort law require substantiation of damages; permanent disability claims must be backed by appropriate evidence to be awarded.
The assessment of disability and determination of compensation should consider the multiplier method and relevant Supreme Court judgments.
The court clarified the computation of compensation for permanent disability using the multiplier method, referencing precedent case law for appropriate assessments.
The court, in assessing compensation for motor accident claims, can modify amounts based on re-evaluated notional income and loss factors.
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