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2023 Supreme(SC) 208

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
M.R. Shah, C.T. Ravikumar, JJ.
Govt. of NCT of Delhi & Anr. - Appellant(s)
Versus
Manjeet Kaur & Anr. – Respondent(s)
CIVIL APPEAL NO. 1458 OF 2023 (@ SLP (C) NO. 4273 OF 2023) (@ DIARY NO. 29127 OF 2022)
Decided On : 13-03-2023

Important Points

IMPORTANT POINT
Lapse of land acquisition proceeding – Subsequent purchaser has no locus to claim lapse of acquisition proceedings.

Subject

Land Acquisition - Lapse of Acquisition Proceedings

Act Referred

Headnote

Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 – Section 24(2) – Lapse of land acquisition proceeding – Subsequent purchaser has no locus to claim lapse of acquisition proceedings – Even otherwise, possession of land in question could not be taken by authority due to pending litigation/stay – There shall be no deemed lapse of acquisition with respect to land in question – Impugned judgment and order passed by High Court is unsustainable and same deserves to be quashed and set aside and accordingly quashed and set aside. (Paras 4, 6 and 7)

Facts of the case:

Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order passed by High Court of Delhi at New Delhi in Writ Petition (C) No. 6158 of 2016, by which High Court has allowed said writ petition and has declared that acquisition proceedings with respect to Khasra No. 668/1 min (012) and 668/2 (01-08) total admeasuring 2 bighas situated at the Revenue Estate of Village Satbari, New Delhi, are deemed to have lapsed under Section 24(2) of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013, Government of NCT of Delhi & Anr. have preferred present appeal.

Findings of Court:

High Court has seriously erred in declaring that acquisition in respect of the land in question is deemed to have lapsed in writ petition filed by original writ petitioner-subsequent purchaser.

Result : Appeal allowed.

Legal Category Hierarchy

  • administrative law
    • land acquisition
      • deemed lapse (Para 1, 2, 6, 7)
      • locus standi (Para 3, 4, 5)

Advocates appeared:
For the Appellant(s) : Ms. Astha Tyagi, AOR
For the Respondent(s): Ms. N. Annapoorani, AOR Mr. Nitin Mishra, AOR Mr. Ishaan Sharma, Adv.

Table of Contents

1. Land acquisition proceedings — Deemed lapse under Section 24(2) of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013. (Para 1 , 2 )

2. Whether a subsequent purchaser has locus standi to challenge land acquisition proceedings or claim deemed lapse under the 2013 Act. (Para 3 )

3. Subsequent purchasers lack locus to claim lapse; deemed lapse requires both non-payment of compensation and non-taking of possession due to authority inaction, excluding court-ordered stay periods. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 )

4. Subsequent purchasers cannot claim lapse of acquisition; deemed lapse under Section 24(2) occurs only if both possession and compensation are absent due to authority inaction. (Para 4 , 6 )

5. Appeal allowed — High Court order quashed and set aside — No deemed lapse of land acquisition proceedings. (Para 7 )

6. Does a subsequent purchaser have the locus standi to claim the lapse of land acquisition proceedings?

No, a subsequent purchaser has no locus standi to claim the lapse of land acquisition proceedings. (Para 4 , 5 )

7. Under what conditions does a deemed lapse of land acquisition proceedings occur under Section 24(2) of the 2013 Act?

Deemed lapse occurs where, due to authority inaction for five years or more prior to the Act's commencement, possession of land has not been taken nor compensation has been paid. If either possession is taken or compensation is paid, there is no lapse. (Para 6 )

8. How are interim court orders treated when calculating the five-year period for deemed lapse of land acquisition?

The period during which interim orders passed by a court are in subsistence must be excluded when computing the five-year period of inaction by authorities. (Para 6 )

JUDGMENT :

M.R. SHAH, J.

1. Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court of Delhi at New Delhi in Writ Petition (C) No. 6158 of 2016, by which, the High Court has allowed the said writ petition and has declared that the acquisition proceedings with respect to Khasra No. 668/1 min (012) and 668/2 (01-08) total admeasuring 2 bighas situated at the Revenue Estate of Village Satbari, New Delhi, are deemed to have lapsed under Section 24(2) of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (hereinafter referred to as “Act, 2013”), the Government of NCT of Delhi & Anr. have preferred the present appeal.

2. Heard learned counsel appearing on behalf of the respective parties at length and perused the impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court. From the impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court, it appears that the High Court has allowed the writ petition and has declared that the acquisition with respect to the land in question is deemed to have lapsed under Section 24(2) of the Act, 2013, relying upon the decision of this Court in the case of Pune Municipal Corporation and Anr. Vs. Harakchand Misirimal Solanki and Ors., (2014) 3 SCC 183, and by observing that neither the possession of the land in question has been taken nor the compensation has been tendered/paid as per the law laid down by this Court in the case of Pune Municipal Corporation (supra).

3. However, it is required to be noted that before the High Court, it was the specific case on behalf of the appellant(s) that original writ petitioner being the subsequent purchaser had no locus to challenge the acquisition/deemed lapse of acquisition. Even from the averments made in original writ petition, the original writ petitioner claimed the ownership on the basis of the agreement to sell, assignment deed, receipt and possession letter, electricity bill and property tax bill (para 2), the word “sale deed” is inserted by ink. However, no sale deed is forthcoming, thus, the original writ petitioner claimed the ownership and in possession of the agreement to sell, assignment deed, be that as it may, original writ petitioner or the subsequent purchaser. Though, it was the specific case on behalf of the appellant(s) that the original writ petitioner or the subsequent purchaser has no locus to challenge the acquisition/deemed lapse acquisition but the High Court has not dealt with the same. Whether the subsequent purchaser has no locus to challenge the acquisition/deemed lapse acquisition is not res integra in view of the decision of this Court in the case of Shiv Kumar & Anr. Vs. Union of India & Ors. (2019) 10 SCC 229 and subsequent decision of this Court in the case of Delhi Development Authority Vs. Godfrey Philips (I) Ltd. & Ors. Civil Appeal No. 3073/2022.

4. In the case of Godfrey Philips (I) Ltd. (supra) after considering the other decisions on the locus of the subsequent purchaser to claim lapse of acquisition proceedings, i.e., Shiv Kumar (supra), Meera Sahni Vs. Lieutenant Governor of Delhi & Ors., (2008) 9 SCC 173 and M. Venkatesh & Ors. Vs. Commissioner, Bangalore Development Authority (2015) 17 SCC 1, it is specifically observed and held that the subsequent purchaser has no locus to claim lapse of acquisition proceedings. The decision of this Court in the case of Shiv Kumar (supra) has been subsequently followed by this Court in catena of decisions.

5. In view of the above, the High Court has seriously erred in declaring that the acquisition in respect of the land in question is deemed to have lapsed in writ petition filed by the original writ petitioner – subsequent purchaser.

6. Even otherwise, it is required to be noted that in the present case, the possession of the land in question could not be taken by the authority due to pending litigation/stay. The decision of this Court in the case of Pune Municipal Corporation (supra) has been overru


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