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2022 Supreme(SC) 1896

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
Dr. D.Y. Chandrachud, CJI., Hima Kohli, J.
Supriyo @ Supriya Chakraborty & Anr. – Appellants
Versus
Union of India – Respondent
Writ Petition(s)(Civil) No(s). 1011 of 2022
Decided On : 25-11-2022

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Mukul Rohatgi, Sr. Advocate, Mr. Saurabh Kirpal, Sr. Advocate, Ms. Tahira Karanjawala, Advocate, Ms. Niharika Karanjawala, Advocate, Mr. Vardaan Wanchoo, Advocate, Mr. Shreyas Maheshwari, Advocate, Mr. Ritwik Mohapatra, Advocate, for M/S. Karanjawala & Co., Advocate, Mr. Neeraj Kishan Kaul, Sr. Advocate, Dr. Menaka Guruswamy, Sr. Advocate, Ms. Arundhati Katju, Advocate, Ms. Priya Puri, Advocate, Mr. Govind Manoharan, Advocate, Mr. Dhruv Sharma, Advocate, Mr. Toshiv Goyal, Advocate, Mr. Raghav Agrawal, Advocate, Mr. Yash S. Vijay, Advocate, Mr. Utkarsh Pratap, Advocate, Ms. Shristi Borthakur, Advocate, Ms. Ritika Meena, Advocate, Mr. Ranjay Dubey, Advocate, Mr. Rishabh Sharma, Advocate, for the Appellant.

The central legal point established in the judgment is the consideration of the recognition of same-sex marriage under various matrimonial statutes and the intention of the Union Government to transfer similar pending matters to the Supreme Court.

Headnote:

Writ Petition - Recognition of Same-Sex Marriage - The court considered a writ petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution seeking recognition of same-sex marriage under various matrimonial statutes, including the Special Marriage Act, Hindu Marriage Act, Foreign Marriage Act, and Citizenship Act. The Union Government indicated its intention to transfer similar pending matters from other High Courts to the Supreme Court.

Fact of the Case:

The court heard a Writ Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution seeking recognition of same-sex marriage under various matrimonial statutes. The Union Government expressed its intention to transfer similar pending matters from other High Courts to the Supreme Court.

Finding of the Court:

The court issued notice returnable on 6 January 2023 and granted liberty to serve the Central Agency. Additionally, notice was also issued to the Attorney General for India.

Issues: The main issue before the court was the recognition of same-sex marriage under various matrimonial statutes.

Ratio Decidendi: The court's decision was based on the need to address the pending matters related to the recognition of same-sex marriage and the intention of the Union Government to transfer similar cases to the Supreme Court.

Final Decision: The court issued notice and granted liberty to serve the Central Agency, as well as issued notice to the Attorney General for India.

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The central legal point is the consideration of the recognition of same-sex marriage under various matrimonial statutes [judgement_subject]. - A writ petition was filed seeking recognition of same-sex marriage under statutes including the Special Marriage Act [judgement_act_referred] (!) (!) . - The Union Government indicated its intention to transfer similar pending matters from other High Courts to the Supreme Court (!) (!) . - The court considered a list of petitions pending before various High Courts concerning the recognition of same-sex marriage (!) (!) . - The court issued notice returnable on 6 January 2023 (!) . - Liberty was granted to serve the Central Agency (!) . - Notice was also issued to the Attorney General for India (!) . - The main issue before the court was the recognition of same-sex marriage under various matrimonial statutes [Issues]. - The court's decision was based on the need to address pending matters related to same-sex marriage recognition and the Union Government's intention to transfer similar cases [Ratio Decidendi]. - The judgment was decided on 25-11-2022 [legal_document].

What is the recognition of same-sex marriage under various matrimonial statutes?

What are the rights of same-sex couples regarding marriage recognition?

How to transfer pending matters related to same-sex marriage recognition to the Supreme Court?


ORDER

1. A Writ Petition invoking Article 226 of the Constitution [Writ Petition (Civil) No. 2186 of 2020] has been filed before the High Court of Kerala on the same subject. On 21 November 2022, the following order was passed by the Single Judge of the High Court :-

"Writ Petition (civil) praying inter alia that in the circumstances stated in the affidavit filed along with the WP(C) the High Court be pleased to direct Respondents Nos. 2-6 and all authorities thereunder or their agents acting under them, directing them to accept and process the Notice to be given by the Petitioners under Section 5 of the Special Marriate Act, 1954, pending final disposal of this writ petition.

This petition coming on for orders upon perusing the petition and the affidavit filed in support of WP(C) and upon hearing the arguments of M/S. GEORGE VARGHESE (PERUMPALLIKUTTIYIL), A.R. DILEEP, P.J. JOE PAUL, MANU SRINATH & RAJAN G. GEORGE, Advocates for the petitioners, DEPUTY SOLICITOR GENERAL for R1 and of STATE ATTORNEY for R2 to R6, the court passed the following:

Learned Deputy Solicitor General submits that similar matters are pending before the High Court of Delhi and the Ministry is taking steps to get all the writ petitions, including the instant case, transferred to the Hon'ble Supreme Court."

3. The above order indicates that the Union Government made a statement before the High Court through the Deputy Solicitor General that the Ministry was taking steps to get all the writ petitions, including the writ petition before the High Court of Delhi, transferred to this court.

4. We have heard Mr Mukul rohatgi, Mr Neeraj Kishan Kaul and Dr Menaka Guruswami, senior counsel together with Mr Saurabh Kumar and Ms. Arundhati Katju, counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioners.

5. A list of petitions pending before various courts on the same subject has been tendered during the course of the hearing and is extracted below:-

"LIST OF PENDING MATTERS BEFORE HIGH COURTS FOR RECOGNITION OF SAME SEX MARRIAGE UNDER VARIOUS MATRIMONIAL STATUTES

CAUSE TITLE

CASE PARTICULARS

STATUTE CHALLENGED

HIGH COURT OF KERALA

1.

Nikesh PP & Anr. vs. UOI & Anr.

W.P.(C) 2186/2020

Special Marriage Act

HIGH COURT OF DELHI

2.

Abhijit Iyer Mitra & Ors. v. UOI & Anr.

W.P.(C) 6371/2020

Hindu Marriage Act

3.

Vaibhav Jain & Anr. v. UOI & Anr.

W.P.(C) 7657/2020

Foreign Marriage Act

4.

Dr. Kavita Arora & Anr. v. UOI & Anr.

W.P.(C) 7692/2020

Special Marriage Act

5.

Udit Sood & Ors. & Anr. v. UOI & Anr.

W.P.(C) 2574/2021

Special Marriage Act

6.

Joydeep Sengupta & Ors. v. Ministry of Home Affairs & Ors.

W.P.(C) 6150/2021

Foreign Marriage Act, Special Marriage Act and Citizenship Act

7.

Nibedita Dutta & Anr. v. UOI & Anr.

W.P.(C) 13528/2021

Hindu Marriage Act

8.

Zainab Patel v. UOI & Anr.

W.P.(C) 13535/2021

All Matrimonial Laws

9.

Mellissa Ferrier & Anr. v. UOI & Ors.

W.P.(C) 13206/2021

-'

6. Issue notice returnable on 6 January 2023.

7. Liberty to serve the Central Agency.

8. Notice shall also be issued to the Attorney General for India, in addition.

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