IMPORTANT POINT
Summoning of additional accused to face trial – Under Section 319 of Cr.P.C. though test of prima facie case is the same, degree of satisfaction that is required is much stricter.

JUDGMENT :

ABHAY S. OKA, J.

1. In a pending prosecution for the offences punishable under Sections 148, 341, 323, 302 read with Section 149 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, by order dated 08th June 2022, the learned Additional Sessions Judge exercised power under Section 319 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (for short ‘Cr.P.C.’) and directed that the appellants who were not shown as accused in the charge sheet should be proceeded against with the accused named in the charge-sheet. The appellants preferred a Revision Application before the High Court to challenge the said order. By the impugned order, the Revision Application has been dismissed.

FACTUAL ASPECTS

2. The complainant lodged the First Information Report about the incident of 22nd February 2017, which occurred in the morning at around 09.15. The complainant, his father-Shirajuddin and his mother-Manja were standing near heaps of bricks. At that time, Shahid, Javed, the present appellants, and four to five persons came there and assaulted the complainant’s father with iron rods. The father succumbed to the injuries, and even the mother sustained injuries.

3. A charge sheet was filed against five other accused. The present appellants were not named in the charge sheet. After evidence of PW-1 Manja (the widow of the deceased) was recorded, by the order dated 24th July 2018, the Trial Court took cognizance of the offence against the appellants by exercising the power under Section 319 of the Cr.P.C. However, by the order dated 16th August 2018, the said order of the Trial Court was set aside by the High Court. The High Court held that in the facts of the case, the Trial Court ought to have recorded evidence of all eyewitnesses and only thereafter ought to have considered the application for invoking the powers under Section 319 of Cr.P.C. Therefore, the High Court remanded the application by granting liberty to the Trial Court to pass an appropriate order in the exercise of power under Section 319 Cr.P.C. after recording evidence of eyewitnesses. Thereafter, the order mentioned above, dated 8th June 2022, was passed by the Trial Court against the appellants under Section 319 of Cr.P.C. By the impugned judgment dated 04th April 2023, the order of the Trial Court has been confirmed.

SUBMISSIONS

4. The learned Senior counsel appearing for the appellants has invited our attention to evidence of PW-1 (Manja), PW-5 (Shahrookh) and PW-7 (Ekaramuddin). He submitted that, taking the evidence of the said witnesses as correct, even a prima facie case against the appellants was not made out. He would, therefore, submit that impugned orders are liable to be set aside. The learned counsel appearing for the State and the first informant supported the impugned orders. Their submission is that at this stage, close scrutiny of the evidence of the prosecution witnesses is not warranted for passing an order under Section 319 of Cr.P.C. The Court has to consider the prima facie view. Both, therefore, submit that no interference is called for.

CONSIDERATION OF SUBMISSIONS

5. Perusal of the judgment and order dated 16th August 2018, passed in the Revision Petition filed by the appellants, shows that the High Court set aside the order passed under Section 319 of Cr.P.C. by the Trial Court. The High Court order notes that evidence of PW-1 has been recorded. The purport of the order of the High Court is that unless the evidence of other prosecution witnesses (eyewitnesses) is recorded, the application under Section 319 Cr.P.C. cannot be considered. From the bare reading of the order dated 16th August 2018, it is apparent that the High Court did not find evidence of PW-1 as sufficient to confirm the order passed under Section 319.

6. Regarding the extent and degree of inquiry required for deciding an application under Section 319 of Cr.P.C. the decision of the Constitution Bench of this Court in the case of Hardeep Singh vs. State of Punjab, (2014) 3 SCC 92 will be relevant. In Para 95 of the sa