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2023 Supreme(SC) 1791

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
BELA M.TRIVEDI, DIPANKAR DATTA, JJ.
S.K. Khaja - Appellant
Versus
The State of Maharashtra – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No.1183 of 2011
Decided On : 23-08-2023

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. Sudhanshu S.Choudhari, AOR,
For the Respondent: Ms. Yugandhara Pawar Jha, Mr. Siddharth Dharmadhikari, Mr. Aaditya Aniruddha Pande, AOR, Mr. Bharat Bagla, Mr. Sourav Singh, Mr. Aditya Krishna.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 307 and 332 - Criminal Appeal challenging conviction for attempting to murder and causing hurt to a police officer - Appellant's conviction upheld as overt acts demonstrated intention to commit the crimes, despite injuries being simple in nature - Concurrent findings of both trial court and High Court affirmed. (Paras 1, 8, 9)

(B) Appeal - Grounds for Appeal - Argument that injuries were simple and plea for a lenient view were rejected, emphasizing the seriousness of the established intent and prior criminal conduct. (Paras 5, 6)

Facts of the case:
The appellant, S.K. Khaja, was found guilty of attempting to murder a police officer during an attempt to arrest him on allegations of extortion, resulting in injuries to the officer.

Findings of Court:
The trial and high courts correctly assessed evidence, firmly establishing the appellant's guilt for the offenses charged.

Issues: Whether the nature of injuries inflicted exempted the appellant from conviction under Section 307 IPC and the consideration of subsequent criminal conduct.

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that the intention to kill, reflected through the nature of the attack, suffixed the criteria for conviction under Section 307 IPC despite the victim's injuries being considered simple.

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. appellant's criminal charges and conviction details. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. arguments regarding injury severity and past offenses. (Para 5 , 6)
3. court's reasoning on intent and judgment validity. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
4. dismissal of the appeal and order to surrender. (Para 10 , 11 , 12)

ORDER :

1. The appellant/accused - S.K.Khaja has preferred the present appeal challenging the impugned judgment and order dated 07.01.2011 passed by the High Court of Judicature at Bombay, Bench at Aurangabad in Criminal Appeal No.162 of 1999, whereby the High Court has dismissed the appeal and confirmed the judgment and order of conviction dated 31.03.1999 passed by the 3rd Additional Sessions Judge, Nanded in Sessions Case No.183 of 1996. The Trial Court had convicted the appellant- accused for the offence under Sections 307 and 332 of IPC and directed to undergo rigorous imprisonment for five years and two years for the said offences respectively.

2. The complainant - Mohammad Khan Pathan (PW2), Police Head Constable, was attached to Police Station Itwara, Nanded, in 1995. As per the case of the prosecution, Kamalbai Gupta (PW6) and ten other people from Vinkar Colony, Nanded, had made a complaint to the Police Station Nanded against the present appellant - S.K.Khaja alleging that the appellant/accused was demanding ransom and threatening the public at large. The Police Station In-charge - Surendra Mandhan, Police Inspector (PW7) therefore, ordered the police head constable - Mohammad Khan Pathan (PW2) to get the custody of accused/appellant in the Police Station for enquiry in connection with the complaint.

3. On 10.03.1995, upon receiving the information about the whereabouts of the appellant - accused, the said Mohammad Khan Pathan (PW2) along with his colleagues, i.e., other police staff, went in search of the accused. On that day, however, the accused was not found. Thereafter, on 11.03.1995 at about 08.00 P.M., the Head constable - Mohammad Khan Pathan (PW2) and other police staff on receiving the information that the accused - S.K.Khaja was present in the Ram Rahim Nagar, Nanded, they went to Ram Rahim Nagar, Nanded in order to get custody of the accused. On reaching at the spot, i.e., Ram Rahim Nagar, Nanded, the appellant/accused was seen running from the spot and entering into a Masjid at Madina Nagar, Nanded. Mohammad Khan Pathan (PW2) and his team therefore chased the accused and entered into the Masjid at Madina Nagar to catch hold of him. When the said Mohammad Khan Pathan was trying to catch and get hold of the accused, he tried to assault Mohammad Pathan on his head by a Gupti. However, Mohammad Khan Pathan while avoiding the blow on his head, got injury on his right shoulder. Thereafter, the other police constables and staff caught hold of the appellant/accused and the police constable - Suresh Jakkawad (PW5) snatched Gupti from him. The appellant/accused was brought to the Police Station. The Head constable Mohammad Khan Pathan (PW2) lodged the complaint, which was registered as Crime No.45 of 1995 at Police Station, Itwara, Nanded for the offence(s) punishable under Sections 307 and 332 of the INDIAN PENAL CODE , 1860 (for short "IPC") and under Section 135 of BOMBAY POLICE ACT , 1951.

4. After completion of the investigation, charge-sheet was filed and the trial was conducted against the appellant/accused - S.K.Khaja, in which he was convicted and sentenced as stated hereinabove. The said judgment and order of Trial Court was confirmed by the High Court vide impugned judgment and order.

5. Mr.Sudhanshu S.Choudhari, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant submitted that even if the case of the prosecution was held to be proved against the appellant in toto, the injuries suffered by the complainant - Mohammad Khan Pathan (PW2) were very simple in nature and would not attract offence under Section 307 of the IPC. According to him, the incident is very old, and the appellant/accused - S.K.Khaja has a l

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