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2025 Supreme(SC) 1776

J. B. PARDIWALA, R. MAHADEVAN
Zainul – Appellant
Versus
State of Bihar – Respondent


Advocates appeared:
For the Appellant(s) : Mr. Ashwani Kr. Singh, Sr. Adv. Ms. Prerna Singh, AOR Mr. Rauf Rahim, Sr. Adv. Mr. Ali, Adv. Mr. Ambar Qamaruddin, Adv. Mr. Tejasvi Kumar, Adv. Mr. Ekansh Bansal, Adv. Mr. Syed Sarfaraz Karim, Adv. Mr. Somnath Bhattacharya, Adv. Mrs. M. Qamaruddin, AOR
For the Respondent(s): Mr. Manish Kumar, AOR Mr. Divyansh Mishra, Adv. Mr. Kumar Saurav, Adv. Mr. Samir Ali Khan, AOR Mr. Pranjal Sharma, Adv. Mr. Kashif Khan, Adv.

JUDGMENT :

J.B. PARDIWALA, J.

For the convenience of exposition, this judgment is divided into the following parts:-

I.

CASE OF THE PROSECUTION

a.

Oral Evidence on Record

b.

Judgment of the Trial Court

II.

IMPUGNED JUDGMENT

III.

SUBMISSIONS ON BEHALF OF APPELLANT

IV.

SUBMISSIONS ON BEHALF OF THE RESPONDENT-STATE

V.

ANALYSIS

A.

Interpretation of Section 149 of the Indian Penal Code

a.

Innocent Bystander v/s Member of an Unlawful Assembly

i.

Rule of Prudence in Convicting Members of an Unlawful Assembly

b.

Principles of Law relating to Appreciation of Evidence of the Witnesses 58

i.

Conflict between the Ocular Version and the Medical Evidence

c.

Whether the Prosecution could be said to have proved its case Beyond Reasonable Doubt?

B.

Whether the Statement of the PW-20 could have been treated as an FIR?

VI.

CONCLUSION

1. Since the issues raised in both the captioned appeals are the same, the appellants are co-convicts and the challenge is also to the self- same judgment and order passed by the High Court, those were taken up for hearing analogously and are being disposed of by this common judgment and ord

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