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2026 Supreme(SC) 7

J. B. PARDIWALA, K. V. VISWANATHAN
Motilal Oswal Financial Services Limited – Appellant
Versus
Santosh Cordeiro – Respondent


Advocates appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. Chirag M. Shah, Adv. Ms. Sanjana Saddy, AOR
For the Respondent: Mr. Rishabh Shah, Adv., Mr. Dhaval Mehrotra, Adv., Ms. Shivani Bansal, Adv., Ms. Aditi Desai, Adv. For M/s. ADS Legal, AOR.

Judgement Key Points

Certainly. Based on the provided legal document, here are the key points:

  1. The Supreme Court affirmed that arbitration agreements under the Arbitration & Conciliation Act remain valid and enforceable even when there are claims of exclusive jurisdiction by special statutes, such as the Presidency Small Cause Courts Act (!) (!) .

  2. The dispute involved a Leave and License Agreement concerning immovable property, with an arbitration clause specifying Mumbai as the seat of arbitration and referring to the Arbitration & Conciliation Act, 1996 (!) (!) .

  3. The appellant argued that jurisdiction was exclusively with the Small Causes Court under the 1882 Act, citing its provisions that generally confer exclusive jurisdiction for recovery of possession and license fees relating to immovable property in Greater Bombay (!) (!) .

  4. The respondent contended that the dispute was purely monetary—specifically for payment of license fees or damages for the lock-in period—and not for possession or rent, thus falling within the scope of the arbitration clause (!) (!) .

  5. The High Court initially appointed an arbitrator, but the appellant challenged this, asserting that the dispute was non-arbitrable due to the provisions of the 1882 Act, particularly Section 41, which confers exclusive jurisdiction on Small Causes Courts for certain landlord-tenant disputes (!) (!) .

  6. The Supreme Court clarified that the mere existence of a jurisdictional statute like the 1882 Act does not automatically invalidate arbitration agreements, especially when the dispute pertains to a monetary claim rather than possession or rent recovery (!) (!) .

  7. The Court emphasized that the scope of judicial review at the Section 11 stage is limited to examining the existence of an arbitration agreement, not its validity or the substantive arbitrability of the dispute (!) (!) .

  8. The Court discussed the legislative history and clarified that arbitration clauses are generally valid unless explicitly rendered invalid by specific statutes or public policy considerations. It also clarified that provisions like Section 41 of the 1882 Act do not automatically nullify arbitration agreements concerning monetary disputes (!) (!) .

  9. The Court highlighted the importance of the doctrine of competence-competence, which allows arbitral tribunals to rule on their jurisdiction, including the existence and validity of arbitration agreements, thereby reinforcing the limited role of courts at the appointment stage (!) (!) (!) .

  10. Ultimately, the Supreme Court held that the arbitration agreement in this case was valid and that the High Court erred in holding otherwise. The appeal was dismissed, and the arbitrator was directed to proceed with the adjudication within six months (!) .

  11. The Court also noted that the question of whether the dispute is arbitrable under specific statutes depends on the nature of the claim—whether it is for possession, rent, or monetary damages—and that disputes purely for monetary recovery are generally arbitrable unless explicitly excluded by law (!) (!) .

  12. The decision underscores that provisions conferring jurisdiction on specialized courts do not automatically preclude arbitration unless the dispute falls squarely within the scope of those statutes, such as cases involving recovery of possession or rent under landlord-tenant laws (!) (!) .

Please let me know if you require a more detailed analysis or assistance with drafting legal documents based on these points.


Table of Content
1. details of the underlying contract and events. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. arguments regarding arbitration and jurisdiction. (Para 11 , 12)
3. analysis of arbitration agreement existence. (Para 14 , 16 , 17 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 25)
4. judicial interpretation of jurisdiction scope. (Para 18)
5. final ruling and dismissal of the appeal. (Para 28)

JUDGMENT :

1. Leave granted.

BRIEF FACTS OF THE CASE: -

4. According to the appellant, due to COVID-19 pandemic, they were unable to continue the arrangement and citing the force majeure clause in the agreement, they handed over the keys and vacant peaceful possession of the premises to the respondent on 09.09.2020. According to the appellant, they intimated the respondents about the same on 10.10.2020 by writing an email. The appellant also sought refund of the security deposit.

6. The appellant on 17.07.2023 received a notice dated 15.07.2023 issued by the respondent under Section 21 of the A&C Act invoking Clause 33 of the arbitration agreement of the Leave and License Agreement dated 06.10.2017 and Addendum dated 13.03.2020. Clause 33 of the Leave and License Agreement dated 06.10.2017 reads as under: -

This was followed by an

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