(Per Ramesh Ranganathan, J.)

Repeated attempts by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to bring about a unified cadre of teachers in government, mandal parishad and zilla parishad schools have met with little success. The last such effort, prior to Act 27 of 2005, which met its waterloo was when the Rules, in G.O.Ms.No.538 dated 20-11-1998, were declared ultravires the Presidential Order and were quashed by the Division Bench of this Court in M. Kesavulu v. State of A.P.1. Aggrieved by the order of the Division Bench in M. Kesavulu1, the A.P. United Teachers Federation filed S.L.P.Nos.7496-7510 of 2005 and the Supreme Court, by order dated 25-10-2004, stayed the contempt proceedings initiated pursuant to the order of the Division Bench. The State of A.P. also preferred S.L.P.Nos.22597-22612 of 2004 and, while granting stay of the contempt proceedings, these S.L.Ps. were directed to be tagged along with S.L.P.Nos.7496-7510 of 2004. All the S.L.Ps. are still pending before the Supreme Court.

2. As the order of the Division Bench, in M. Kesavulu1, was not suspended by the Supreme Court, the State Government then commenced efforts to obtain approval of the President for organizing the