IN THE HIGH COURT OF ANDHRA PRADESH AT AMARAVATI
Nyapathy Vijay, J.
Oggu Ananda Kumar - Appellant
Versus
Tammu Vijaya Lakshmi - Respondent
C.R.P. No. 1990 of 2018
Decided On : 29-12-2023
Amendment of Pleadings - Limitation - C.P.C - [Amendment of Pleadings] - [Limitation] - [Order VI Rule 17 of C.P.C] - [Para 5, L.J. Leach And Company Ltd vs Jardine Skinner And Co., AIR 1957 SC 357, Pirgonda Hongonda Patil Vs Kalgonda Shidgonda Patil and 2 others., AIR 1957 SC 363, Vineet Kumar vs. Mangal Sain Wadhere., 1984 (3 ) SCC 3 84, South Konkan Distilleries and Anr vs. Prabhakar Gajanan Naik and Ors., 2008 (14) SCC 632, Pankaja and Anr vs. Yellappa (D) By Lrs. and Ors., 2004 (6) SCC 415, LIC Vs Sanjeev Builders Pvt. Ltd., 2023 SCC Online 1128] - The court allowed the amendment of pleadings raising claims barred by the law of limitation, citing various case laws and principles that amendments introducing claims, which are time barred, could be allowed if there is a factual basis in the original plaint and no new case is being set up by the plaintiff to the surprise of defendants.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiff sought to declare a Sale Deed as null and void and for permanent injunction restraining the defendants from interfering with the possession of the plaintiff over the property. The plaintiff alleged that the defendants obtained a General Power of Attorney without allowing the plaintiff to go through the contents and executed a Sale Deed with fraudulent motives. The plaintiff sought to amend the plaint to add additional pleadings with regard to the fraud played by the defendants.
Finding of the Court:
The court allowed the amendment of the plaint, stating that the amendment introducing claims barred by limitation could be allowed as there is a factual basis in the original plaint and no new case is being set up by the plaintiff to the surprise of defendants.
Issues: Whether a claim barred by limitation could be sought by way of an amendment of plaint under Order VI Rule 17 of C.P.C.
Ratio Decidendi: The court cited various case laws and principles to support its decision to allow the amendment of pleadings raising claims barred by the law of limitation.
Final Decision: The Civil Revision Petition is devoid of merits and is liable to be dismissed. There shall be no order as to costs.
JUDGMENT
1. The present Revision Petition is filed against the interlocutory order dtd. 3/2/2018 passed in I.A.No.943 of 2015 in O.S.No.1486 of 2012 on the file of the Court of the Learned III Additional Senior Civil Judge, Vijayawada, Krishna District.
2. The petitioners herein are the defendants in the main suit. Originally the suit was filed by the plaintiff seeking to declare the Sale Deed dtd. 3/10/2012 as null, void, unenforceable, liable to be set aside and for consequential relief of permanent injunction restraining the defendants from interfering with the peaceful possession and enjoyment of the plaintiff over the suit schedule property.
3. The facts leading to the suit are that the plaintiff had approached the 1stdefendant for availing loan of Rs.25, 000.00 and in that context, the 1stdefendant contemplated a condition to execute General Power of Attorney (for short "G.P.A") with regard to the agricultural land in the name of the 1stdefendant. The plaintiff left without any alternative executed the G.P.A and the same was registered on 4/3/2010. The plaintiff agreed to pay the loan amount with interest @ 24% p.a.
4. It was further pleaded that the plaintiff was not allowed to go through the contents of the G.P.A and the plaintiff subsequently called upon the 1stdefendant to cancel the G.P.A and return the original Title Deed, as the plaintiff is ready to discharge the entire debt with interest. As the 1stdefendant disagreed, the plaintiff got issued a Notice dtd. 28/9/2012 calling upon the 1stdefendant to return the original Title Deed dtd. 22/1/2009, while canceling the G.P.A. Though the notice was received there was no response. Subsequently, the plaintiff came to know that the 1stdefendant with fraudulent motive prepared to sell away the plaint schedule property and had executed a registered Sale Deed, dtd. 3/10/2012 in favour of the 2nddefendant. It was also pleaded that all averments made in the G.P.A-cum-Agreement of Sale, dtd. 4/3/2010 are incorrect. Hence, the suit was filed.
5. The defendants filed a written statement denying the averments made in the plaint. While so, the plaintiff filed an application under Order
6. Rule 17 of C.P.C seeking to amend the plaint with regard to the relief claimed. By virtue of amendment, the plaintiff sought to add Para 11-A where under additional pleadings were urged with regard to the fraud played by the 1stdefendant in executing the Agreement of Sale- cum-General Power of Attorney, dtd. 4/3/2010 and that the plaintiff filed a complaint before the Commissioner of Police against the defendant Nos.1 & 2 and a Writ Petition was also filed before this Court for a direction against the Police authorities. In the prayer portion, the amendment to cancel the Agreement of Sale-cum-General Power of Attorney, dtd. 4/3/2010 was sought. 6. The defendants filed their counter opposing the same and the primary objection taken by the defendants was that the amendment is barred by limitation, as the Agreement of Sale-cum-General Power of Attorney, dtd. 4/3/2010, which was sought to be canceled by virtue of amendment dtd. 27/10/2015.
7. The Trial Court vide its order dtd. 3/2/2018 allowed the same and was of the opinion that the question of limitation can be made subject matter of issue after allowing the amendment. Hence, the Civil Revision Petition by the defendants.
8. Heard Mr.Keerthi Teja, Kondaveeti, Learned Counsel for the Petitioners and Sri V.S.R. Anjaneyulu, Learned Counsel for the Respondents.
9. The point for consideration is whether a claim barred by limitation could be sought by way of an amendment of plaint under Order VI Rule 17 of C.P.C.
10. A reading of the original plaint at Para 5 shows that the General Power of Attorney dtd. 4/3/2010 was obtained without allowing the plaintiff to go through the contents of the document and that the defendants in spite of plaintiff's offering to discharge the loan amount did not come forward to cancel the document. Apart from the fact that t
L.J. Leach And Company Ltd vs Jardine Skinner And Co.
Pirgonda Hongonda Patil Vs Kalgonda Shidgonda Patil and 2 others.
Pankaja and Anr vs. Yellappa (D) By Lrs. and Ors.
South Konkan Distilleries and Anr vs. Prabhakar Gajanan Naik and Ors.
AI
The validity of the cancellation of the Power of Attorney and the involvement of fraud were central to the court's decision.
Amendments to a plaint are permissible before trial commences if they do not introduce a new cause of action that is time-barred, preserving the rights of the defendants.
The amendment of pleadings will be allowed even after the expiry of the statutory period of limitation if it does not constitute the addition of a new cause of action or raise a different case, but a....
Amendments to pleadings cannot introduce time-barred claims, as this undermines the accrued rights of other parties involved.
At the stage of considering an amendment of the plaint, the court is not required to inquire into the genuineness of the pleadings but to determine if the amendment would help in determining the real....
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the amendment of pleadings can be allowed at any stage of the proceedings if it is necessary for determining the real questions in controversy....
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