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2024 Supreme(AP) 193

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ANDHRA PRADESH AT AMARAVATI
Venuthurumalli Gopala Krishna Rao, J.
Avula Indira Chittoor - Appellant
Versus
G Chenchaiah & Ors. - Respondents
Appeal Suit No: 453 of 2003 and Appeal Suit No: 613 of 2003
Decided On : 13-03-2024

Advocates appeared:
P Ganga Rami Reddy, Counsel for the Appellant; Venkat Rao Patil, Bobba Vijayalakshmi and Srinivasa Rao Bodduluri, Counsel for the Respondent

In property disputes, the onus lies on the claimant to prove title, with reliance on unproven wills and agreements leading to dismissal of claims.

Headnote:(A) Civil Procedure Code - Sections 34 and 106 - Title dispute - Plaintiff seeks declaration of title and permanent injunction, while the defendant contests the title based on prior agreements and alleged ancestral ownership. Trial Court issued a partial decree in favor of the plaintiff about title but denied permanent injunction. Both parties appeal - Enjoyment of land and proof of title crucial in determining rights. (Paras 1, 28, 39)

(B) Onus of proof - In property disputes, the burden lies upon the plaintiff to establish title and prevent reliance on weaknesses in the defendant's claim - The will in question was deemed not proved under applicable law, guiding title determination. (Paras 24, 31)

Facts of the case:
Dispute arises over ownership of property originally owned by a common ancestor, Biswanatha Prasad. The plaintiff bases claims on agreements and purported will, while the defendant claims title through sales from other heirs. Issues included whether the plaintiff had valid title and right to injunction.

Findings of Court:
The appeals reflect convoluted ownership confirmations with an emphasis on the binding nature of registered documents; contested will was central to the disagreement over the property belonging to Biswanatha Prasad. All children entitled to equal shares render the plaintiffs' claim lacking exclusive title.

Issues: (i) Whether the will is validly executed; (ii) Whether the plaintiff has asserted proper title; (iii) Entitlement to permanent injunction.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court emphasizes the necessity for propounding party to substantiate claims, affirming the tradition that sales and wills require rigorous proof, lacking which the title claims faced unequivocal rebuttals.

Result: Appeals dismissed. The trial judgment is comprehensively upheld.

Table of Content
1. overview of appeals and case background (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. details of property ownership disputes (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
3. framework for court's consideration (Para 11 , 12 , 13)
4. arguments made by both parties (Para 15 , 16)
5. analysis of will and property rights (Para 18 , 20 , 21)
6. requirements for establishing title and evaluating evidence in property disputes. (Para 22 , 39)
7. legal standards on proving a will (Para 24 , 25 , 28 , 29)
8. proving a will necessitates removing suspicion regarding its execution. (Para 27 , 32)
9. final judgment and orders (Para 42 , 43)

COMMON JUDGMENT

Venuthurumalli Gopala Krishna Rao, J. - The A.S. No.453 of 2003 is filed by plaintiff against the Decree and Judgment, dated 17.02.2003, passed in O.S. No.278 of 1995 on the file of the Additional Senior Civil Judge,Tirupati. The Plaintiff filed the Suit against the Defendants for claiming the relief of declaration of the plaintiff's title to the schedule property and consequently granting permanent injunction against the defendants and their men from in any way interfering with the plaintiff's peaceful possession and enjoyment of the plaint schedule property and for costs. The trial Court decreed the Suit in part, declaring the plaintiff's right and title over the suit schedule property as prayed for but the suit with regard to the relief of permanent injunction is dismissed. The appeal A.S.No.453 of 2003 is filed by the appellant/plaintiff in the said suit questioning the decree and judgment passed by the trial Court insofaras rejecting the relief of permanent injunction is concerned.

2. The A.S. No.613 of 2003 is filed by first defendant against the Decree and Judgment, dated 17.02.2003, passed in O.S. No.278 of 1995 on the file of the Additional Senior Civil Judge, Tirupati. This Appeal i.e., A.S.No.613 of 2003 is filed by the appellant/ first Defendant in the said suit, questioning the decree and judgment passed by the trial Court insofar as decreeing the suit relates to title of the plaintiff.

3. Both the appeals are filed against the judgment dated 17.02.2003 passed in O.S.No.278 of 1995 on the file of the Additional Senior Civil Judge, Tirupati, both the appeals were heard together and they are being disposed of by this common judgment.

4. The parties to the above two appeals are referred to as they were arrayed before the trial Court.

5. The brief averments of the plaint, in O.S. No.278 of 1995, are as follows:

    (i) One Biswanatha Prasad @ Viswanatha Prasad was the absolute and original owner for the total extent of the land Ac.12.59 cents in S.No.202/3 of Vedanthapuram village accounts of Thummalagunta group, Tirupati Rural Mandal. He was also granted rythwari patta by the then settlement officer, Nellore. The said Biswanatha Prasad along with his second son and fourth son and his daughter namely I.T.Dube, I.N.Dube and Kumari Bhuvaneswari, after receiving valid consideration, executed an agreement of sale dated 31.05.1976 for the total extent of Ac.12.59 cents in favour of one Erraiah @ C.Lakshmipathi, who is the father of the plaintiff and delivered possession to him on the same day. Since then, the said Lakshmipathi had been in possession and enjoyment of the same by raising crops and paying cist to the government. The said Biswanatha Prasad died intestate on 16.10.1978 leaving behind him his second son, fourth son and daughter to succeed to his estate including the plaint schedule property being his self-acquisitions, as he executed a will dated 14.01.1978 in a sound and disposing state of mind to their favour and it was hislast will. The other sons of Biswanatha Prasad have no right, interest, title or possession and enjoyment over the bequeathed properties and thus the legatees under the said will became the absolute owners of the properties left by the deceased Biswanatha Prasad.

    (ii) After the demise of Biswanatha Prasad, the legatees, I.T.Dube, I.N.Dube and Kumari Bhuvaneswari, as absolute owners and in pu

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