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2023 Supreme(AP) 1600

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ANDHRA PRADESH AT AMARAVATI
VENKATA JYOTHIRMAI PRATAPA, J.
Mandavilli Kanaka Durgamba (Died) and Others – Petitioners
Versus
Vuruma Naga Venkata Somasekhar S/o Veerabhadra Rao – Respondent
Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 481 of 2013
Decided On : 03-07-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioner: K. Sarva Bhouma Rao.
For the Respondent: V. Venugopala Rao.

Headnote:(A) Civil Procedure Code, 1908 - Order 43 Rule 1(u) and Order 41 Rule 27 - Appeal against order of remand - Appellants challenged the remand of the case to the trial court for fresh disposal by the appellate court - Court noted that the appellate court erred by remanding the case despite clear factual findings on merits by the trial court concerning possession and the validity of the will. (Paras 1-3, 19, 28-35)

(B) Remand Orders - The appellate court’s discretion to remand requires justifiable grounds, which should not be exercised arbitrarily. A remand should only occur if the trial court has failed to consider relevant evidence. The court emphasized that this discretion should be sparingly exercised to prevent undue prolongation of litigation. (Paras 25-29)

(C) Permanent Injunction - The court upheld the notion that it is improper for the appellate court to remand a case when factual findings have been made, unless there are compelling reasons to do so. (Paras 26-27)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiffs claimed title to a property through a registered will, while the defendants contested this by asserting a gift deed. The trial court initially favored the plaintiffs, leading defendants to appeal for additional evidence and a remand.

Findings of Court:
The appellate court's decision to remand was deemed unauthorized, lacking substantive justification when the trial court had already resolved key factual issues and evidence.

Issues: Whether the appellate court's order to allow additional evidence and remand the case was justified under the CPC.

Ratio Decidendi: An appellate court must possess clear grounds for remanding a case, particularly when factual determinations have already been made by the trial court. The court reversed the appellate court's remand order due to a failure to satisfy legal requisites.

Result: Appeal allowed, remand order set aside.

Table of Content
1. nature of the appeal and procedural context. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. dispute over property ownership and will claims. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8)
3. arguments regarding remand and possession. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
4. scope of appellate court's powers. (Para 14 , 15)
5. precedent regarding remand procedures. (Para 16 , 17)
6. conditions for additional evidence in appeals. (Para 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23)
7. limitations on appellate remand orders. (Para 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30)
8. critique of appellate court's remand in context of trial findings. (Para 31 , 32 , 33 , 34)
9. conclusion directing appeal outcomes. (Para 36 , 37 , 38)

JUDGMENT :

VENKATA JYOTHIRMAI PRATAPA, J.

1. This Civil Miscellaneous Appeal is filed under Order 43 Rule 1(u) of Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (in short ‘C.P.C.’) by plaintiff Nos. 2, 3, 6 and 7 against the impugned judgment and decree in A.S. No. 116 of 2009, dated 21.03.2013 on the file of I Additional District Judge, West Godavari, Eluru (in short, appellate court) whereby the judgment and decree in O.S. No. 40 of 2003, dated 02.02.2008 on the file of Additional Senior Civil Judge’s Court, Eluru (in short, trial court) was set aside, and the appeal was allowed in favour of the defendants remanding the matter to the trial Court for a fresh disposal.

2. The appellants herein were the plaintiffs 2, 3, 6 and 7, whereas the respondents were the defendants before the trial court. For the sake of convenience, parties hereinafter will be referred to as arrayed before the trial Court.

3. Bereft of unnecessary details, facts necessary for the disposal of the appeal in brief need mention in order to appreciate the controversy involved in the appeal.

4. Case of the plaintiffs:

    4.1. Originally, the plaintiff No. 1/Mandavilli Kanaka Durgamba acquired the suit schedule property by virtue of a will executed by her mother. She has been in possession and enjoyment of the said property since the death of her mother i.e. 18.04.1974. Her husband predeceased her and the couple remained issueless.

    4.2. When registration authorities visited the schedule property to take some measurements, she learnt that the defendants created some documents relating to the schedule property. Then she presented a report to the police and filed a suit for permanent injunction against the defendants alleging that they are making hectic efforts to dispossess her from the schedule property.

5. Contention of the defendants:

    5.1. The defendants filed their written statement denying the plaintiffs case inter-alia contending that the first plaintiff executed a gift deed in favour of first defendant on 09.12.2002 bequeathing the schedule property. He allowed the first plaintiff to stay in the house during her lifetime. The original gift deed is kept with the first plaintiff. On 01.02.2003 when the first defendant was held up at Visakhapatnam in his absence one Manepalli Venkateswara Rao and Maddipati Atchuta Rao spoiled the mind of first plaintiff and created documents in favour of their son and daughter-in-law.

Procedural History

6. In course of trial, both parties adduced oral and documentary evidence in support of their respective contentions. During pendency of the suit, plaintiff No. 1 died and her legal representatives made their claims in two streams. Plaintiff Nos. 4 and 5 laid their claim based on unregistered will said to have been executed by the 1st plaintiff. Plaintiff Nos. 2, 3, 6 and 7 contended that they are the legatees under the registered will executed by the testator i.e. the 1st plaintiff. The plaintiff Nos. 2 to 5 are added as legal representatives of 1st plaintiff. Later 3rd plaintiff also died and plaintiff Nos. 6 and 7 are added as legal representatives of 3rd plaintiff.

7. The trial court vide judgment and decree dated 02.02.2008 in O.S. No. 40 of 2003 decided in favour of plaintiffs holding that the registered will projected by the plaintiffs 2, 3, 6 and 7 is a genuine one, since testator herself admitted its execution.

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