IN THE HIGH COURT OF ANDHRA PRADESH AT AMARAVATI
B.V.L.N.CHAKRAVARTHI, J.
Fakruddin Sab - Appellant
Vs.
Smt Khairnubi - Respondent
SECOND APPEAL No: 611/2001
Decided On : 24-03-2025
(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Section 100 - Second Appeal - Permanent injunction - The appellant/plaintiff sought a permanent injunction against the respondent/defendant regarding property possession. The trial court ruled in favor of the plaintiff, but the first appellate court reversed this decision, declaring title and possession for both parties. The appellate court's decision was challenged on grounds of exceeding its jurisdiction in a suit for injunction simpliciter. (Paras 1-22)
(B) Legal Principles - In a suit for injunction simpliciter, the primary issue is possession, and title should not be decided unless necessary pleadings and issues are present. The court must not declare title without appropriate claims or evidence. (Paras 19-20)
Facts of the case:
The plaintiff claimed possession of a property based on a Patta issued in 1979, while the defendant claimed rights over a portion of the same property. The trial court initially ruled in favor of the plaintiff, but the first appellate court allowed the defendant's appeal, declaring rights for both parties. (Paras 2-11)
Findings of Court:
The appellate court's judgment was found to be unsustainable as it improperly decided title issues in a suit for injunction without necessary pleadings. (Paras 21-22)
Issues: The main issues were whether the court could declare title in a suit for injunction simpliciter and whether the appellate court exceeded its jurisdiction. (Paras 13-14)
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that title cannot be adjudicated in a suit for injunction unless there are necessary pleadings and issues regarding title. The appellate court's decision was set aside for failing to adhere to this principle. (Paras 20-22)
Result: Second Appeal allowed; the judgment of the First Appellate Court set aside and remitted for fresh consideration.
JUDGMENT :
B.V.L.N.CHAKRAVARTHI, J.
This Second Appeal, under Section 100 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, is filed by the appellant/respondent/plaintiff assailing the decree and judgment, dated 05.02.2001, of the learned Senior Civil Judge, Hindupur, passed in A.S.No.26 of 1998.
02. The appellant/plaintiff filed O.S.399/1998 on the file of learned Junior Civil Judge’s Court, Hindupur, against the respondent/defendant seeking the relief of permanent injunction, restraining the defendant and her men from interfering with the peaceful possession and enjoyment of the schedule mentioned plot bearing No.165 measuring 30x50 feet in S.No.118/2, 119/1-B and 119/4 within the boundaries, east-plot No.164 west and north-road and south-plot No.165-A and other houses. The learned trial Court vide judgment and decree dated 15.12.1997 decreed the suit. The respondent/defendant filed appeal in A.S.26/1998 on the file of learned Senior Civil Judge, Hindupur, challenging the judgment and decree of the learned trial Court.
03. The learned Senior Civil Judge, Hindupur, vide judgment and decree dated 05.02.2001 allowed the first appeal with costs, and thereby dismissed the suit in O.S.399 of 1998 on the file of learned Junior Civil Judge, Hindupur.
04. Heard, Sri O.Manoher Reddy, learned Senior Counsel appearing for the Appellant/Plaintiff and Sri N.Ranga Reddy, learned counsel appearing for the Respondent/Defendant. Perused the material on record.
05. The appellant is the plaintiff. The respondent is the defendant. The parties in this Second Appeal shall hereinafter be referred to as arraigned in the Original Suit, for convenience and clarity.
06. The case of the plaintiff is that the Tahsildar of Hindupur granted a Patta for the suit schedule property on 05.05.1979; The plaintiff constructed house in the said site in the year 1966 prior to granting of Patta; Basing on possession, Patta was issued in favour of the plaintiff in the year 1979; A portion of the house was subsequently demolished to form a layout and road; The plaintiff repaired the remaining portion of the house; Boundaries were changed due to formation of layout and road; The defendant is a resident of Anantapur; The defendant and her sons constructed houses at Hindupur and let out them; The defendant visiting Hindupur to collect rents; the defendant falsely claiming right over the property of the plaintiff, and wanted to make construction in the suit schedule site. Hence, the suit for permanent injunction.
07. The case of the defendant is that the plaintiff is staying in the house bearing D.No.5/8/188-A; The entire plot No.165 measuring 30x50 feet was not assigned to the plaintiff; Only western half belongs to the plaintiff; The eastern half belongs to the defendant; The defendant has been in possession of the eastern half of the plot; The plaintiff has furnished false boundaries; The plaintiff has no right or possession over eastern half of the plot measuring 26x30 feet; The defendant constructed a hut in the eastern half; Later, her hut was dilapidated; When the defendant was trying to rebuilt it, plaintiff filed the suit and obtained interim injunction.
08. Taking into consideration of the above pleadings, the trial Court framed the following issues:
1. Whether the plaintiff is entitled for permanent injunction in his favour?
2. Whether the suit schedule property assigned to the defendant by the revenue authorities?
3. Whether the suit for bare injunction without prayer for declaration is maintainable?
4. To what relief?
09. At trial, on behalf of the plaintiff, P.W-1 and P.W-2 were examined and Exs.A-1 to A-7 were marked. On behalf of the defendant, D.W-1 to D.W-3 were examined and Exs.B-1 to B-11 and Ex.C.1 & C.2 were marked.
10. The learned trial Court on consideration of the above evidence placed by the respective parties, decreed the suit granting permanent injunction in favour of the plaintiff. The defendant preferred A.S.26/1998 on the file of learned Senior Civil Judge, Hindupur,
In a suit for injunction simpliciter, the court cannot adjudicate title without necessary pleadings and issues; possession is the primary concern.
A plaintiff must establish title to obtain consequential relief of injunction; mere possession is insufficient if title is denied.
Consequential relief of injunction cannot be granted if the substantive relief of title is denied, even if possession is established.
Suit filed for perpetual injunction by plaintiff, when there is cloud over title is not maintainable.
Judgments in appeal can only be overturned when proved unjust; proper possession and legal title must be substantiated through evidence.
A co-owner's entitlement to seek permanent injunction based on established title, possession, and enjoyment, even in the absence of exclusive possession, when the defendant fails to prove her claim.
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