IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
Anant Ramanath Hegde, J.
Sarojini – Appellant
Versus
Shashidhar Madiwalappa Uppin – Respondent
Regular First Appeal No. 3059 of 2011 (PAR)
Decided On : 16-08-2023
CIVIL PROCEDURE - Partition and Succession - Code of Civil Procedure, 1908; Transfer of Property Act, 1882; Hindu Succession Act, 1956 - The court analyzed the implications of compromise decrees under the Code of Civil Procedure and the rights of heirs under the Transfer of Property Act and Hindu Succession Act. It emphasized that a compromise decree does not inherently extinguish the right to inherit unless explicitly stated and supported by consideration. The court found that the plaintiffs retained their rights to claim succession despite previous settlements, leading to the conclusion that the trial court's dismissal of their claim was erroneous.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiffs, descendants of a deceased son of Madiwalappa Uppin, sought a declaration of their right to inherit properties after the deaths of Madiwalappa's wife and another heir. They argued that previous compromise decrees did not extinguish their rights to succession. The defendants contended that the plaintiffs had relinquished their rights through earlier settlements.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the terms of the compromise decree did not indicate a surrender of the right to claim succession. It ruled that the plaintiffs were entitled to their share in the properties left by the deceased heirs, as the earlier settlements did not constitute a waiver of their inheritance rights.
Issues: 1. Whether the compromise decree barred the plaintiffs from claiming succession rights after the deaths of the defendants. 2. Whether the defendants could produce a Will to support their claim.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that a compromise decree does not automatically extinguish succession rights unless there is clear evidence of such intent and consideration. The plaintiffs' rights to inherit were upheld as the earlier settlements did not include a waiver of succession rights.
Final Decision: The appeal was allowed, the trial court's judgment was set aside, and the plaintiffs were declared to have a 1/4th share in the properties of the deceased heirs. The court also allowed for past profits and final decree proceedings for property division.
JUDGMENT
1. The plaintiffs are the appellants who have invoked Sec. 96 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.
2. To appreciate the facts, it is necessary to refer to the genealogy of the parties, which is as under: Veerappa Maharudrappa Uppin (Dead)=Basamma (Dead) Sidmallappa Madiwalappa Died 3/3/1989 Died 4/6/1982 =Shakuntala =Manutai (Died 1/9/97) (Died 4/12/1996) Bharat Shashidhar Shivakumar Swarnalata Died 5/2/69 (Deft 1) Died 4/7/2000 (Deft-8) =Sarojini =Sudha =Rajeshwari (Plff-1) (Deft-2) (Deft 5) Nivedita Nikhil Shailesh Ajay Alpana (Plff-2) (Deft-3) (Deft-4) (Deft-6) (Deft-7)
3. Certain admitted facts are as under:
a) The 1st respondent of this appeal - Shashidhar, who is the son of Madiwalappa Uppin, filed a suit for partition in O.S.No.67/1970, on the file of the Principal Civil Judge (Sr.Dn.), Belagavi. The present plaintiffs/appellants were parties to the said suit. On 14/9/1971, the said suit ended in a compromise. In terms of the settlement arrived at, among the parties to the said suit, Madiwalappa Uppin was allotted the properties bearing CTS No.3536 of Belagavi and lands bearing Rs. No.4/2, 4+5, 4/7+3 of Deshnur, Tal: Bailhongal and land bearing Rs. No.138 measuring 4 acres 15 guntas in Bailhongal; wife of Madiwalappa namely, Manutai was allotted the properties bearing CTS Nos.4021/B and 4021/A, which are later renumbered as CTS no. 4021/A1, 4021/A2 of Belagavi. Manutai was also allotted CTS Nos.3602 and 3603 of Bailhongal; the present appellants/plaintiffs were allotted the properties bearing CTS Nos.3600 and 3601 of Bailhongal and CTS No.594 of Belagavi.
b) On 4/6/1982, Madiwalappa died leaving behind his wife Manutai and the sons namely, Shashidhar respondent No.1 and Shivakumar - predecessor of respondents No.5 to 8, and the plaintiffs, as his heirs. The Plaintiffs are the wife and the daughter of Bharat, the pre deceased son of Madivalappa.
c) The present appellants/plaintiffs filed a suit in 268/1984 before Civil Judge Belgaum, against M/s. M. M. Uppin, a partnership firm and the partners of the said firm. The suit ended in a compromise on 24/11/1984. In the said suit, the present appellants, who were the plaintiffs, were given certain amount as their share in the partnership firm. The compromise decree also reveals that the amount is paid to the plaintiffs to make good their claim relating alleged inadequate share given while entering settlement in O.S.No.67/1970. In the said compromise, recorded in O.S. No.268/1984, Sidmallappa Veerappa Uppin was allotted a share in the properties bearing CTS Nos.682B/1 and 682B/2 of Raviwar Peth, Belagavi and CTS No.415/B of Tilakwadi, Belagavi. He died on 3/3/1989 leaving behind his wife Shakuntala.
d) On 4/12/1996, Manutai, the wife of Madiwalappa Uppin died. Shakuntala, wife of Sidmallappa Uppin died on 1/9/1997 leaving behind the appellants and respondents No.1 to 8 and Shivakumar as her class II heirs. On 4/7/2000, Shivakumar Madiwalappa Uppin died leaving behind respondents No.5 to 7 as his legal heirs.
e) The suit in O.S.No.93/2002 is filed by the present respondent No.3 against his parents and his brother respondent No.4. The said suit was settled on 18/4/2002. Admittedly, present appellants/plaintiffs are not parties to the said suit.
f) Plaintiffs on 11/1/2007, filed a suit in O.S.No.17/2007 before the Senior Civil Judge, Belagavi, seeking declaration that the compromise decree passed in O.S.No.93/2002 is not binding on the plaintiffs, and claimed 1/4th share in the suit schedule properties on the premise that they inherited properties of Siddamallappa as well as the properties of Manutai, the wife of Madiwalappa Uppin.
g) Defendants No.1 to 3 contested the suit. They took a stand that Sidamallappa's and Manutai's properties did not devolve upon the plaintiffs, as the plaintiffs have relinquished their right over the said properties by taking their value of the share as per clause No.6 in the compromise decree passed in O.S.No.268/1984. In addition, it is cont
Elumalai @ Venkatesan and Another vs. M. Kamala and Others
AI
A compromise decree does not extinguish the right to inherit unless explicitly stated and supported by consideration; heirs retain their succession rights despite previous settlements.
The plaintiff's mother became the absolute owner of the suit schedule properties by virtue of the Ryotwari Patta granted in her name under Section 11 of the Tamil Nadu Estates (Abolition and Conversi....
The Hindu Succession Act's provisions do not apply retrospectively to successions that occurred before its enactment, precluding daughters from inheriting property from fathers who died before 1956.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that unless prior partition is established, there shall be a presumption that the property is joint family property, and a family arrangement in th....
The court reaffirmed that daughters have equal rights as sons in ancestral properties, emphasizing the applicability of Section 6 of the Hindu Succession Act.
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