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2025 Supreme(Kar) 9

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU 
H.P. Sandesh, J.
B.A.Gautham S/o Late B.A.Anand Rao – Appellant 
Versus 
NIL – Respondent 
Prob. C.P. No.1 of 2023 
Decided On : 27-06-2025 

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :Ms.Sanjana Rao, Advocate For Sri. Sundara Raman M.V., Advocate

The universal legatee has the first right to seek a grant of Letters of Administration when the deceased has made a Will but has not appointed an Executor.

Headnote:(A) Indian Succession Act, 1925 - Sections 232(a) and 276 - Grant of Letters of Administration - Petitioner sought to prove the Last Will dated 31.12.1997 of the testator and grant Letters of Administration respecting the estate of the deceased - Testator executed the Will in the presence of two attesting witnesses while in a sound state of mind - Witness testimony established the execution of the Will (Paras 5, 10-15).

(B) Probate Proceedings - Universal legatees have the first right to seek Letters of Administration of the estate when no Executor is appointed - Petitioner, being the sole Class I heir, affirmed to administer the estate (Paras 12-19).

Facts of the case:
The testator executed a Will bequeathing movable and immovable property to his wife and later to his only son, the petitioner, upon the wife's predecease. The petitioner proved the Will by presenting corroborative documents and witness testimony (Paras 2 and 4).

Findings of Court:
The petition was allowed, and Letters of Administration were granted to the petitioner on grounds of the established legal right and obligations pertaining to universal legatees (Paras 21).

Issues: Whether grounds were sufficient to grant Letters of Administration as sought by the petitioner (Para 12).

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that when a testator does not appoint an Executor and designates a universal legatee, the universal legatee is entitled to seek the administration of the estate (Paras 18-19).

Result: The petition is allowed and Letters of Administration are granted in favor of the petitioner.

Table of Content
1. factual background of the testator and his will (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. court's observations on the validity of the will and petitioner’s entitlement (Para 8 , 12 , 18 , 20)
3. evidence provided to support the execution of the will (Para 10 , 15)
4. the court assesses the petitioner's entitlement to letters of administration. (Para 13)
5. legal rationale for granting letters of administration (Para 17)
6. the petitioner is affirmed as the universal legatee entitled to administer the estate. (Para 19)
7. conclusion and order of granting letters of administration (Para 21)

ORDER :

H.P. Sandesh, J.

Heard learned counsel for the petitioner.

2. This petition is filed under Section 232 (a), 276 and Chapter IV of the Indian SUCCESSION ACT , 1925 read with Rule 5 of the Rules Governing Probate and Administration Matters, 1964 and sought for the relief to allow the petitioner to prove the Last Will and Testament dated 31.12.1997 executed by late Sri B.A. Ananda Rao and grant Letters of Administration in favour of the petitioner in respect of the schedule properties and credits of Sri B.A. Ananda Rao of the Will dated 31.12.1997 and grant such other relief as deems fit in the circumstance of the case.

3. The factual matrix of case of the petitioner is that the testator Sri B.A. Ananda Rao professed Hindu religion and was residing in Bangalore City which was his fixed place of abode within the jurisdiction of this Court and he was also ordinarily a resident of Bangalore City having permanent residence at No. 168D/E, 5th Main, 3rd Cross, J.P. Nagar 3rd Phase, Bangalore and he had executed a Will and Testament dated 31.12.1997 and he also passed away within the jurisdiction of this Court on 25.08.2003.

4. It is the case of the petitioner that the Testator's younger son Sri Anil Bapu predeceased him on 30.05.1997 and thereafter only he had executed the present Will and while executing the Will, his wife Smt. Pramila A. Rao and elder son Sri B.A. Gautam, who is the petitioner herein were alive and his widow also passed away on 23.07.2022. The Testator was owning both movable and immovable properties and the said properties listed in schedule are referred to as schedule properties. The Testator was in sound and disposing state of mind at the time of execution of the Will and also had full mental capacity to understand the purport of the Will. The Testator was not suffering from any infirmities affecting his mental ability either at the time of execution of the Will or otherwise.

5. The Will was duly executed by the Testator in the presence of two attesting witnesses Sri M.R. Guruprasad and Sri M.B. Rao also known as Sri Madava Rao Bhima Rao. Sri M.B. Rao died on 11.03.2017. The affidavit of Sri M.R. Guruprasad, the 1st attesting witness is produced and the affidavit of Sri Kiran Kumar Bheemrao, son of late Sri M.B. Rao also known as Sri Madhava Rao Bhima Rao, identifying the signature of his father, who was the 2nd attesting witness is also produced along with the petition.

6. The petitioner is the son of the Testator. Except the petitioner herein, the Testator has not left behind any other Class I heirs. It is also contented that the Will does not appoint an Executor/Executrix, the petitioner in his capacity as the Universal Legatee to the estate of the Testator, is entitled to seek grant of Letters of Administration with respect to the estate of the Testator. The petitioner also undertakes to administer the estate of the Testator and make a full and true inventory of his assets and exhibit the same after the grant of Letters of Administration and also to render the true accounts of the estate. It is also stated that the value of the movable and immovable properties is Rs.6,53,000/- and undertakes to pay the prescribed Court fee at the time of grant of Letters of Administration.

7. The petitioner also filed an application to dispense the notice to the Deputy Commissioner and the same was dismissed at the first instance and later on,

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