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2025 Supreme(Kar) 833

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU 
SURAJ GOVINDARAJ, J.
Sri. Siddalingaiah, S/o. Channabasavaiah, Since Dead By L.R.s- Smt. Ambikamma, (W/o. Late Siddalingaiah) and Ors. – Petitioners 
Versus
The Deputy Tahsildar, Registrar of Birth And Death, Kora, Kora Hobli 522128, Tumkur Taluk, Tumkur District and Anr. – Respondents
Writ Petition No. 54224 of 2016 (GM-RES)
Decided On : 27-05-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Sri. T. Govindaraja., Advocate
For the Respondents:Sri. Mahantesh Shettar., AGA, Sri. P.M. Siddamallappa., Advocate

The court emphasized that a Lok Adalat cannot consider a unilateral memo and must ensure that proper procedures are followed, including consent from both parties and conducting inquiries.

Headnote:(A) Legal Services Authority Act, 1987 - Section 19 - Registration of Births and Deaths Act, 1969 - Section 13 - Petitioners challenged the issuance of a death certificate based on an allegedly invalid joint memo approved by Lok Adalat without both parties' consent - Court ruled that Lok Adalat cannot direct action on a unilateral memo and must ensure both parties are present without due process - The necessity of verifying claims with all affected parties and conducting inquiry is emphasized. (Paras 1, 11, 16)

(B) Reference to Lok Adalat - A matter cannot be referred without the consent of both parties - The requirement for a joint memo to be signed by all parties for validity is reiterated. (Paras 1, 14)

(C) Procedure for issuing death certificates - When delayed applications for death certificates are made, proper inquiry and notification to affected parties are necessary, as laid out in previous case law. (Paras 15, 15.1-15.19)

Facts of the case:
Petitioners, legal heirs of a property owner, contested a death certificate issued by the Deputy Tahsildar, claiming the deceased died in the 1980s, not 1975 as claimed by another party relying on a Lok Adalat order.

Findings of Court:
The order referring the matter to Lok Adalat is quashed due to lack of proper procedure and inquiry. Validity of the death certificate is annulled.

Issues: Main issues include procedural validity of Lok Adalat referrals, unilateral action by parties, and proper notice to potentially aggrieved parties.

Ratio Decidendi: Court found that the Lok Adalat acted outside its jurisdiction in accepting a unilateral memo without both parties' agreement and failing to hold necessary inquiries regarding the legitimacy of the death registration.

Result: Petition granted; the Lok Adalat orders and the death certificate are set aside.

Table of Content
1. petitioners seek relief against death certificate issuance. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. petitioners argue for abuse of process regarding death certificate. (Para 7)
3. respondent argues the legitimacy of the death certificate process. (Para 8 , 9)
4. court considers points of law regarding lok adalat procedure. (Para 10 , 11)
5. court’s analysis on lok adalat's authority and procedural requirements. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
6. court quashes earlier orders and remits for fresh consideration. (Para 17)

ORDER :

(SURAJ GOVINDARAJ, J.)

1. The petitioners are before this Court seeking the following reliefs:

(i) To quash the order dated 13.11.2013 of the Annexure-D on the file of II Addl. Civil Judge and J.M.F.C, Tumkuru, through the order of the Lok Adalat, Tumkur, in C.Mis.1134/2013.

(ii) To hold the death certificate as per Annexure-E dated 31.01.2014 of the I Respondent through his subordinate officer as void in law and not enforceable.

(iii) To issue the writ of certiorari or such other writ or pass such other order as the Hon’ble court may deem fit to grant under the circumstances of the case, in the interest of justice and equity.

2. The petitioners claim to be the absolute owners of land in Sy.No.22/2, measuring 3 acres and 5 guntas, situated at Burudagatta Village, Kora Hobli, Tumkur Taluk—the predecessor of the petitioner, viz., Sri.Siddalingaiah, of whom the petitioners are the legal heirs, had purchased the same under a registered sale deed dated 03.04.1979 from Smt.Honnamma.

3. The second Respondent, Sri.Mahadevaiah, claiming to be the grandson of late Smt.Honnamma, had applied for the issuance of her Death Certificate alleging that she had expired on 15.06.1975.

4. An endorsement was issued by the Deputy Tahsildar, acting as a Registrar of births and deaths stating that no such registration of the entry could be made in such a belated manner. It is in that background that Sri.Mahadevaiah filed an application before the II Additional Civil Judge and J.M.F.C, Tumkuru in C.Misc.1134 of 2013 seeking for a direction to the Respondent therein, i.e., the Deputy Tahsildar, to issue the Death Certificate of petitioner's grandmother by name Smt.Honnamma, wife of Sri.Kalaiah, stated to have expired in her residence on 15.06.1975 and to make necessary entries in the office ledger of the Deputy Tahsildar.

5. In the said matter, notice was issued to the first Respondent, Deputy Tahsildar. Despite service, the said Deputy Tahsildar was absent when the matter was taken up on 11.11.2013, and thereafter the matter was posted on 13.11.2013 for enquiry/evidence. On the very same day, it is stated that the matter was referred to Lok Adalat at Tumkur for disposal, wherein the second Respondent, Sri.Mahadevaiah filed a memo styled as a joint memo stating that the Respondent agreed to enter the date of death as prayed for by the petitioner and as such, Sri.Mahadevaiah requested Lok Adalat to accept the Memo. The said Memo was in turn accepted by the Lok Adalat and an order was passed virtually directing the Respondent to act as per the joint Memo and the case was closed.

6. On the basis of the said order, Sri.Mahadevaiah wrote to the first Respondent who issued the Death Certificate of Smt.Honnamma indicating her date of death to be 15.06.1975. Challenging the same, the petitioners are before this Court.

7. The submission of Sri.T.Govindaraja, learned counsel for the Petitioners, is that:

7.1. The said Smt.Honnamma had expired in the year 1985 after executing a registered sale deed in favour of the father of the petitioner on 03.04.1979. Respondent No. 2 has used this novel method for obtaining registration of the death of Smt.Honnamma, indicating the date of death to be 15.06.1975 and on that basis, the execution of the registered sale deed dated 03.04.1979 is sought to be denied by Sri.Mahadevaiah. His submission is that there is a clear and categorical abuse of the process of Court and Lok Adalat resorted to by Sri.Mahadevaiah, re

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