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2025 Supreme(Kar) 1132

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
V. SRISHANANDA, J.
The Managing Director, Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation - Appellant 
Versus 
Smt. Hemalatha Y.M., W/o Dr. R. Madhavamurthy - Respondent  
Regular Second Appeal No. 488 of 2023 (INJ)
Decided on : 09-09-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :SRI. P.D. SURANA, ADVOCATE
For the Respondent:SRI. HAREESH KUMAR N.T., ADVOCATE

The plaintiff must prove ownership outside any acquired land, and shifting the burden to the defendant is legally erroneous.

Headnote:(A) Land Acquisition Act - Suit for permanent injunction - Claim over property and identity dispute - Appeal by defendant against decree of permanent injunction confirmed by First Appellate Court. (Paras 2 - 32)

(B) Burden of Proof - It is the plaintiff's responsibility to prove that the property claimed is not part of the acquired land - Shifting burden to defendant is erroneous. (Paras 18 - 19)

(C) Court's discretion - In second appeal, court is not expected to interfere with factual findings unless a substantial error is evident. (Paras 28 - 30)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiff filed a suit for injunction claiming ownership of two plots of land, which the defendant contested, arguing entitlement to the property based on land acquisition. The trial court favored the plaintiff, leading to the present appeal.

Findings of Court:
Both lower courts upheld the plaintiff's possession based on transactional documents without requiring further evidential inquiries.

Issues: The main issues were the identity of the property and whether the plaintiff's construction constituted encroachment on the defendant's land.

Ratio Decidendi: The court outlined that the identity and right to the property must be established by the party claiming ownership and highlighted the error in burden-shifting.

Result: Appeal dismissed.

JUDGMENT :

V. SRISHANANDA, J.

Heard Sri. P.D. Surana, learned counsel for the appellant and Sri. Hareesh Kumar N.T., learned counsel for the respondent.

2. Defendant is the appellant in the second appeal challenging the validity of the decree of permanent injunction passed in O.S.No.284/of 2010 in respect of the following property (hereinafter referred to as 'suit property'):

SCHEDULE

All that piece and parcel of Site No.3, having Khanushmari No.509/3, situated at Arishinakunte Village, Kasaba Hobli, Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District measuring East to West 50 feet and North to South 30 feet and bounded on the -

East by : Site No.2 West by : 25 Feet Road North by : Road South by : Site No.4.

All that piece and parcel of Site No.4, having Khanushmari No.509/4, situated at Arishinakunte Village, Kasaba Hobli, Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District measuring East to West 50 feet and North to South 30 feet and bounded on the East by :Site Nos.2 & 6 West by :25 Feet Road North by : Site No.3 North by South by : Site No.5.

3. The judgement and decree passed by the Trial Court was questioned by the appellant before the First Appellate Court in R.A.No.44/2018.

4. Learned judge in the First Appellate Court after securing the records, heard the arguments of the parties and by considered judgement dated 30.06.2022 dismissed the appeal and whereby decree of permanent injunction passed by the Trial Court came to be confirmed.

5. Being further aggrieved by the same, defendant has filed the present appeal.

6. Facts in the nutshell for disposal of the present appeal are as under:

7. In the schedule of the plaint, the plaintiff has described the two sites as follows:-

SCHEDULE All that piece and parcel of Site No.3, having Khanushmari No.509/3, situated at Arishinakunte Village, Kasaba Hobli, Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District measuring East to West 50 feet and North to South 30 feet and bounded on the -

East by : Site No.2

West by : 25 Feet Road

North by : Road

South by : Site No.4.

All that piece and parcel of Site No.4, having Khanushmari No.509/4, situated at Arishinakunte Village, Kasaba Hobli, Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District measuring East to West 50 feet and North to South 30 feet and bounded on the East by :Site Nos.2 & 6 West by :25 Feet Road North by : Site No.3 North by South by : Site No.5.

8. A suit for permanent injunction came to be filed by the plaintiff contending that plaintiff is the absolute owner in lawful possession and enjoyment of the suit property bearing No.3 having Khaneshumari No.509/3 situated at Arasinakunte Grama Panchayat, Kasaba Hobli, Nelamangala Taluk.

8. Suit property is a portion of the converted land in Surrey No.20/2C, Old Sy.No.20/2 measuring 0-10 guntas situated at Arasinakunte Village, which was converted for non agricultural purpose as per the Order dated 19.03.1992.

9. After the conversion of the land, property was transferred to Arasinakunte Village and was allotted Khaneshumari No.509. Property was divided into seven individual sites bearing Nos.509/1 to 509/7. Out of the aforesaid sites, plaintiff purchased two sites bearing Khaneshumari Nos.509/3 and 509/4. Plaintiff thereafter paid taxes and also obtained sanction to construct a commercial building. Plaintiff paid the licence fee to the Gram Panchayat.

10. Defendant who has no matter of right, title or interest over the suit property started obstructing the construction of the building which necessitated the plaintiff to file the suit for permanent injunction.

11. Pursuant to the suit summons, defendant entered appearance and filed written statement contending that plaintiff has not approached the Court with clean hands and 0-15 gutnas of land in Sy.No.20/2C and other adjoining land of Arasinakunte Village was acquired by the State of Karnataka for public purpose under the provisions of Land Acquisition Act and took possession and thereafter transferred the same to Commercial Tax Department 18.02.1994.

12. It is further contended that

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