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2024 Supreme(Kar) 1293

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
M.G.S. KAMAL, J.
Smt. Drakshayini, W/o. Suresh - Appellant
Versus
Sri Doddegowda, S/o. Late Huchegowda and Anr. – Respondents
Regular Second Appeal No. 272 of 2019 (SP)
Decided On : 19-04-2024

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Sri. K.N. Nitish, Advocate
For the Respondents:Sri. Narajji Deepak, Advocate.

To establish a claim for specific performance, the plaintiff bears the burden of proving the authenticity of the contract, which was found lacking in this case.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, Order VII Rule 11 - Specific performance of contract - Appellant sought enforcement of a sale agreement for property against the owner - Trial and Appellate Courts found the sale agreement to be fabricated and unsupported by credible evidence - Found that previous suits did not mention the agreement, raising doubts about its legitimacy. (Paras 2, 8, 10, 18, 20)

(B) Legal principles - The court reaffirmed that the burden of proof lies with the plaintiff in establishing the genuine execution of an agreement for sale. (Paras 17, 20)

Facts of the case:
The appellant, a tenant, sought specific performance for a property after claiming an agreement of sale had been executed in 2003. However, the defendant claimed the agreement was fraudulent, asserting ownership was transferred prior to the suit. (Paras 3-5)

Findings of Court:
The trial and Appellate Courts concluded that the plaintiff failed to substantiate her claims or prove the existence of a valid agreement, particularly since previous suits omitted any reference to said agreement. (Paras 10, 20)

Issues: The critical issues were the authenticity of the alleged agreement and whether the previous suits impacted the claim for specific performance. (Paras 8, 9)

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the plaintiff did not meet the burden of proof to establish the sale agreement's authenticity, finding both lower courts' decisions to be sound and justifiable. (Paras 17, 20)

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. background of the case and agreements (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. judicial analysis and observations (Para 9 , 10 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20)
3. arguments presented by both parties (Para 11 , 12)
4. conclusions drawn from established legal principles (Para 14 , 15 , 21)

JUDGMENT :

M.G.S. KAMAL, J.

This appeal is by the unsuccessful plaintiff, who is before this Court being aggrieved by the judgment and decree dated 18.08.2017, passed in O.S.No.419/2009, on the file of Principal Civil Judge and J.M.F.C., Channarayapatna, ('trial Court' for short), which is confirmed by judgment and decree dated 27.11.2018, passed in R.A.No.35/2017, on the file of Senior Civil Judge and J.M.F.C., Channarayapatna.

2. The above suit in O.S.No.35/2017 is filed by the plaintiff seeking the relief of specific performance of contract of sale of the suit schedule property.

3. It is the case of the plaintiff that the defendant No.1 is the owner of the suit schedule property, who is well acquainted with the plaintiff. That the plaintiff has been residing in a house existing on the suit schedule property along with her family for more than fifteen years as a tenant under the defendant No.1. That in the month of November 2003, the defendant No.1 expressed his desire to sell the suit property including the house situated therein for his legal necessities. After negotiations, the price was fixed at Rs.80,000/- and on 20.11.2003, an Agreement of Sale was executed by defendant No.1 in favour of the plaintiff agreeing to convey the suit property. The plaintiff paid Rs.50,000/- by way of cash and adjusted Rs.10,000/- towards advance, which was paid under the tenancy and agreed to execute the Sale Deed by receiving the balance sale consideration of Rs.20,000/-.

4. That though, the plaintiff was ready and willing to complete the transaction, however, since there was interference by one Shivanna with the lawful possession of the plaintiff, she was constrained to file a suit in O.S.No.99/2005, which came to be decreed. That the plaintiff thereafter got issued a notice dated 19.04.2008 calling upon the defendant No.1 to receive the balance sale consideration and to execute the Sale Deed. Since there was no response, the present suit for specific performance of the contract was filed by the plaintiff.

5. The defendant No.1 appeared through his counsel and filed his written statement. Defendant No.2 got impleaded in the suit and also filed his written statement. The case of the defendants is that defendant No.1 is no more the owner of the suit property as on the date of filing the suit as he had already sold the property in favour of defendant No.2. Denying the averments of the plaint, it is contended that the present suit is filed based on a Sale Agreement, which is a created and fabricated document and is vitiated by fraud. It is contended that the recitals of the plaint in O.S.No.99/2005 and the recitals of the plaint in the present suit are entirely different from each other. That defendant No.1 had issued a befitting reply to the notice issued by the plaintiff. That the suit is not maintainable. Hence, sought for dismissal of the suit.

6. Defendant No.2 on the other hand has contended that the suit having barred by limitation, required to be rejected under Order VII Rule 11 of Code of Civil Procedure. It is further contended that the tenancy was attorned by virtue of Sale Deed. That defendant No.1 being the lawful owner of the property, has sold the same in favour of defendant No.2 on 31.03.2004 for valuable consideration. That he had issued a notice dated 09.05.2006 terminating the tenancy and calling upon the plaintiff to vacate and hand over the possession of the suit property. That defendant No.2 had filed a suit in O.S.No.119/2006 for the relief of possession and in the said suit had filed an application calling upon the plaintiff to produce the Agreement of Sale, which was not produced by the plaintiff. That since the document is a created one for the p

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