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2022 Supreme(Bom) 186

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY, NAGPUR BENCH
SUNIL B. SHUKRE, PUSHPA V. GANEDIWALA, JJ.
Komal S/o Babusingh Ade – Appellant
Versus
The State of Maharashtra – Respondent
Criminal Appeal Nos. 559, 560, 561, 562, 570, 576 of 2018
Decided On : 02-02-2022

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellants : Mr. Avinash Gupta, Mr. R.K. Tiwari, Mr. Akash Gupta, Mr. A.M. Jaltare, Mr. R.M. Daga.
For the Respondents: Mr. S.S. Doifode, Mr. C.S. Dharmadhikari.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 374 - Indian Penal Code - Sections 302, 307, 147, 148, 149 - Criminal appeals against conviction for murder and attempted murder - Appellants convicted; evidence presented deemed inconsistent and unreliable resulting in reasonable doubt regarding their involvement. (Paras 1, 6, 69)

(B) Testimony of witnesses - Witnesses presented identical accounts with incredible precision, indicative of a rehearsed narrative; absence of independent confirmation raises significant doubts about the credibility of the prosecution's case. (Paras 24, 40, 53)

(C) Acquittal - Prosecution failed to establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt; defense exhibited viable alternative explanations regarding the events of the incident. (Paras 63, 69)

Facts of the case:
Appeals arise from a conviction for murder following a riot where victims were beaten resulting in one death; incident stemmed from a petty quarrel over music volume. (Paras 4-5)

Findings of Court:
Conviction overturned due to lack of credible evidence, and appellant's acquittal granted, establishing presumption of innocence and benefit of doubt. (Paras 68-69)

Issues: Whether the identities and roles of perpetrators were accurately captured in witness testimonies and the adequacy of evidence provided for securing conviction.

Ratio Decidendi: The court determined that the prosecution did not meet its burden of proof, highlighting that identical witness accounts suggested collusion, weakening their reliability. (Paras 24, 42)

Result: Appeals allowed; appellants acquitted and set at liberty.

Table of Content
1. conviction details and acquittals. (Para 1 , 2)
2. incident details and initial injuries. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
3. trial proceedings and charges. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
4. defendant's arguments. (Para 10 , 11 , 12)
5. court analysis of the prosecution evidence. (Para 13 , 14 , 15)
6. credibility and contradictions in testimonies. (Para 18 , 19 , 20)
7. issues of witness reliability and similarities. (Para 21 , 26 , 27)
8. prosecution's failure to provide independent corroboration. (Para 40 , 42 , 43)
9. defense's perspective on eyewitness testimonies. (Para 44 , 45 , 46)
10. court doubts on eyewitness accounts due to inconsistencies. (Para 47 , 48 , 49)
11. court's skepticism towards testimonies of related witnesses. (Para 50 , 51 , 52)
12. examination of evidence and its lack of integrity. (Para 54 , 55 , 56)
13. implications of investigative failures. (Para 62 , 63 , 64)
14. final determination on the reliability of the prosecution case. (Para 65 , 66 , 67)

JUDGMENT :

PUSHPA V. GANEDIWALA, J.

1. All these Appeals against conviction, preferred under Section 374 of the Code of CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE , 1973, are directed against the judgment and order dated 10.08.2018 passed by the I/c. Additional Sessions Judge, Mangrulpir (Camp at Washim) in Sessions Trial No. 44/2014, whereby the learned Judge convicted the appellants for the offences punishable under Sections 302 , 307, 147 and 148 read with Section 149 of the INDIAN PENAL CODE (“IPC”).

2. The appellants/accused are acquitted of the offences punishable under Section 120B of the IPC and Section 135 of the BOMBAY POLICE ACT (now ‘the Maharashtra Police Act 1951’) (Act of 1951). Accused No. 16 - Babusingh Ramji Rathod and accused No. 17 - Sadashiv Limbaji Jadhao are acquitted of all the offences punishable under Sections 302 , 307, 147 and 148 read with Section 149 of the IPC.For the offence punishable under Section 302 read with Section 149 of the IPC, the appellants/ accused are sentenced to suffer imprisonment for life and fine of Rs. 3,000/- each, in default, to suffer simple imprisonment for one year. For the offence punishable under Section 307 read with Section 149 of the IPC, the appellants/ accused are sentenced to suffer rigorous imprisonment for 7 years and fine of Rs. 2,000/- each, in default, to suffer simple imprisonment for one year (three counts).

For the offence punishable under Section 147 of the IPC, the appellants/accused are sentenced to suffer rigorous imprisonment for one year and fine of Rs. 500/- each, in default, to suffer simple imprisonment for one month.

For the offence punishable under Section 148 of the IPC, the appellants/accused are sentenced to suffer rigorous imprisonment for two years and fine of Rs. 500/- each, in default, to suffer simple imprisonment for two months.

All the aforementioned sentences are directed to run concurrently. The appellants/ accused have been given set-off for the period for which they were in jail.

3. In all 23 accused persons were tried before the Additional Sessions Court, Mangrulpir. In the incident of rioting, Devidas, his son Mukesh and nephew - Ganesh received injuries, while the son of Devidas, by name Avinash, succumbed to the injuries received to him.

4. As per the prosecution story, on 18.03.2014, on the eve of Holi festival, Devidas along with his two sons by name Avinash and Mukesh, had been to the house of his elder brother to take blessings of his mother (grandmother of Avinash and Mukesh). The accused Janardhan was playing DJ in front of the house of the elder brother of Devidas during ‘fagwa’ celebration. As the grandmother of the Avinash was not keeping well, Avinash asked Janardhan to stop playing DJ. There was a trivial quarrel between them. Thereafter, playing of DJ was stopped. At around 4:00 p.m. when Avinash along with his brother Mukesh, father Devidas and cousin Ganesh started to go to their house at Naik Nagar by a car, no sooner than they reached and alighted from the car, the accused persons

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