IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY : NAGPUR BENCH : NAGPUR
VINAY JOSHI, J.
Pravin, S/o. Suresh Agrawal - Applicant
Versus
State of Maharashtra, through District Government Pleader and Anr. – Respondents
Criminal Application [APL] No. 1040 Of 2021
Decided On : 11-07-2022
Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 - Section 138, 147 - Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 313, 326 - Criminal Revision -Sessions Court has directed Magistrate to conduct de novatrial - Held, complainant has filed his detail evidence on affidavit and he has been thoroughly cross-examined - Not only that complainant has also examined one witness who has also been cross-examined - Record conspicuously reflects that magistrate who has recorded evidence has not taken mere notes of evidence, but, recorded evidence in extenso like summons triable case - It is evidence from the that evidence was recorded by in all three Magistrate and when matter was transferred to fourth one, at that time, accused urged for denovatrial - Since case was tried as a summons trial and evidence is recorded in detail, contention raised by accused is wholly untenable - it is ruled that when evidence during trial was recorded in full and not in a summary manner, it was not required for successor Magistrate to record evidence denova - In view of said settled position, impugned order would not sustain in eyes of law - Learned Sessions Judge completely erred in understanding settled position of law - In view of that, application succeeds - Criminal Application allowed.
JUDGMENT :
1. Despite service, non-applicant no.2 has chosen not to appear in the matter. With consent of the learned Counsel present for the parties, the matter is taken up for final disposal at the stage of admission itself.
Admit.
2. The applicant has impugned herein the order dated 24.02.2020 passed by the Sessions Judge, Gondia in Criminal Revision Application No.45/2019, whereby the Sessions Court has directed the Magistrate to conduct de novatrial.
3. The applicant has filed Summary Criminal Case No.1207/2014 for the offence punishable under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. The applicant has led his evidence on affidavit and also led evidence of one more witness. When the matter was posted for recording statement of non-applicant no.2 under Section 313 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the accused has applied to the Magistrate for conducting denovatrial in terms of Section 326 of the Code. The said application was moved since the Magistrate who has recorded the evidence has been transferred and the case was assigned to another Magistrate. It was contention before the Magistrate that since it is a summary proceeding in terms of Section 147 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, it is a mandatory for the transferee Magistrate to conduct denovatrial. The learned Magistrate has rejected said contention, however, in revision, the learned Sessions Judge has reversed the order of the trial Court and directed to hold de novatrial.
4. The issue involved is covered by the decision of this Court in case of Ganpatrao Mahadeorao Kapse vs. Rajiv Bhupendranath Sidhra (Criminal Application [Apl] No.175/2012 dated 10.02.2014), wherein this Court by relying on the decision of the Supreme Court in case of Mehsana Nagrik Sahakari Bank Ltd. vs. Shreeji Cab Co. and others – 2013 (4) Crime 351 (SC), has ruled that if the earlier Magistrate has recorded the evidence in detail, then there is no necessity for the succeeding Magistrate to hold de nova trial.
5. On perusal of the evidence, it is abundant clear that the complainant has filed his detail evidence on affidavit and he has been thoroughly cross-examined. Not only that the complainant has also examined one witness who has also been cross-examined. The record conspicuously reflects that the magistrate who has recorded the evidence has not taken mere notes of evidence, but, recorded evidence in extenso like summons triable case. It is evidence from the record that the evidence was recorded by in all three Magistrate and when the matter was transferred to the fourth one, at that time, the accused urged for denovatrial. Since the case was tried as a summons trial and the evidence is recorded in detail, the contention raised by the accused is wholly untenable.
6. In above referred case of Supreme Court in case of Mehsana Nagrik (supra), it is ruled that when the evidence during trial was recorded in full and not in a summary manner, it was not required for the successor Magistrate to record evidence denova. In view of said settled position, the impugned order would not sustain in the eyes of law. The learned Sessions Judge completely erred in understanding the settled position of law. In view of that, the application succeeds. The impugned order dated 24.02.2020 passed by the Sessions Judge, Gondia in Criminal Revision Application No. 45/2019 is hereby quashed and set aside. The order dated 09.07.2019 passed by the Judicial Magistrate First Class, Court No.6, Gondia in Summary Criminal Case No. 1207/2014 is maintained. Criminal Application is allowed and disposed of in aforesaid terms.
Point of Law : Remitting matter for a de-novo trial should be exercised as a last resort and should be used sparingly when there is grave miscarriage of justice in light of illegality, irregularity,....
Dishonour of cheque – When evidence of parties, in chief examination, cross-examination and re-examination (if any) were recorded in verbatim and was faithfully placed on record then for merely not r....
A de novo trial is not warranted when evidence is recorded in a summons case format, as per the provisions of the Negotiable Instruments Act.
The appellate court erred in ordering a de novo trial as the proceedings were not conducted as a summary trial, violating the provisions of the Code.
Procedural irregularities in trials under the Negotiable Instruments Act do not invalidate judgments unless they cause prejudice to the parties involved; trial integrity must prioritize substantive j....
Point of law : Though as per section 16-A of the PFA all offence under section 16(1) are to be tried by the Magistrate of First Class so empowered summarily, departure from this procedure can be made....
In summary trials, the succeeding magistrate cannot rely on the evidence recorded by a predecessor, ensuring fair trial rights.
Affidavits can be accepted as evidence in proceedings under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, and a Magistrate is not required to provide detailed reasons when issuing process against an....
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