IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
M.S.Sonak, J.
Prabhakar Xembu Bhandari – Appellant
Versus
State Of Goa – Respondent
Writ Petition No. 197/2022
Decided On : 09-06-2022
Adjournments - Cross-examination - Setting aside impugned orders and granting liberty to cross-examine DW1
Fact of the Case:
The trial judge closed the cross-examination of DW1 and refused to recall the order due to adjournments and the advocate's absence. Medical certificates were produced at the stage of recall of the order.
Finding of the Court:
The court set aside the impugned orders and granted the petitioners liberty to cross-examine DW1, subject to conditions of no further adjournments and conducting the cross-examination on the date indicated by the trial judge.
Issues: Adjournments, Cross-examination, Medical certificates, Setting aside orders, Granting liberty
Ratio Decidendi: The interest of justice requires that parties do not suffer undue prejudice due to the lawyer's absence. Medical certificates and assurances from the petitioners influenced the court's decision to set aside the impugned orders and grant liberty to cross-examine DW1.
Final Decision: The rule in the petition was made absolute, and the petitioners were granted liberty to cross-examine DW1, subject to conditions, and were ordered to pay costs to respondents nos.10 & 11.
JUDGMENT
1. Heard the learned Counsel for the parties.
2. Rule. The Rule is made returnable immediately at the request of and with the consent of the learned Counsel for the parties.
3. Ms. Agni points out that contesting respondents are respondents nos.10 & 11. Respondent no.10, Mr. Prakash Uttam Naik, is present in the Court. He states that Smt. Anuradha Prakash Naik - respondent no.11 is his wife.
4. Mr. Prakash Uttam Naik states that he has no objection if the petition is allowed. He has also tendered in writing that his wife and himself have no complaint if the petition is allowed.
5. The learned Trial Judge has, by order dtd. 4/4/2022, closed the cross-examination of DW1. By further order dtd. 27/4/2022, the learned Trial Judge has refused to recall the order dtd. 4/4/2022.
6. The learned Trial Judge has observed that there were directions from the High Court for disposal of the suit in a timebound manner. The learned Trial Judge has observed that adjournments were applied for on two occasions in the past. Learned Trial Judge has also observed that the Advocate appeared before other Courts in other matters.
7. Although the Trial Judge may have been justified in making the impugned order, the interest of justice requires that the parties do not suffer undue prejudice simply because the lawyer could not attend to the matter on a particular date. Moreover, some costs could have been imposed. Besides, in this case, medical certificates were also produced at least at the stage of recall of the order, and a scanned copy of a medical certificate was also produced when the order dtd. 4/4/2022 was made.
8. Ms. Agni has assured this Court that no further adjournments will be applied for on any grounds whatsoever. She has pointed out that the directions to the Trial Judge are to dispose of the matter by 19/7/2022, and all cooperation will be extended to ensure that the learned Trial Judge can dispose of the case. In particular, she submits that no adjournments will be sought by or on behalf of the petitioners. The cross-examination of defendant no.1 will be conducted on the date the learned Trial Judge will indicate.
9. Considering the assurances above and the medical certificates on record, the impugned orders dtd. 4/4/2022 and 27/4/2022 are hereby set aside, and the petitioners are granted liberty to cross-examine DW1. However, this liberty is granted subject to the above conditions: no adjournments will be applied for by the petitioners, and the cross-examination will be held on the date to be indicated by the learned Trial Judge.
10. The Rule in this petition is made absolute in the terms mentioned above.
11. The petitioners shall, however, pay costs of 5,000/- to Rs. respondents nos.10 & 11. The costs can be paid to the said respondents before the Trial Court.
The court's decision was influenced by the interest of justice, medical certificates, and assurances from the petitioners, leading to the setting aside of impugned orders and granting liberty to cros....
The court has the discretion to allow the recall of a witness for cross-examination, but may impose conditions to expedite the trial.
The court balanced the equities by considering the diligent prosecution of the case and the need for travel, setting aside the order subject to the payment of costs and the respondent making herself ....
Payment of costs imposed only can be considered to be ‘special circumstances’ which were beyond knowledge and control of petitioner/defendant under Order 17 rule 2 of Civil Procedure Code.
The court upheld the importance of substantial justice over technical procedural defaults, allowing an additional opportunity for witness cross-examination to uphold fairness in litigation.
The main legal point established is that the right to cross-examine should be balanced with the circumstances of the party's absence and the prevailing legal framework, such as Covid-19 guidelines, t....
The court affirmed the essential right to cross-examine witnesses fully, emphasizing no counsel should be compelled to conclude cross-examination in one sitting without justified reasons.
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