IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
G.A.Sanap, J.
Kalpana Vinod – Appellant
Versus
Vinod Krushnarao – Respondent
Apl 1308 of 2022
Decided On : 02-01-2023
Domestic Violence - Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 - Ss. 12, 15, 17, 19, 20, 22
Fact of the Case:
The applicants sought recovery of arrears and monthly maintenance from the non-applicant, an Assistant Professor, under the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005.
Finding of the Court:
The learned Additional Sessions Judge set aside the order for attachment of salary for future maintenance but allowed it for recovery of arrears. The court directed the parties to submit a statement of arrears for quantification by the Judicial Magistrate.
Issues: Interpretation of the court's power to issue directions for attachment of salary under the D.V. Act, delay in compliance with maintenance orders, and appropriate redressal of grievances by the non-applicant.
Ratio Decidendi: The court can issue warrant of attachment of salary for recovery of arrears of maintenance but not for future maintenance. The non-applicant, an Assistant Professor, was directed to deposit arrears and pay monthly maintenance to the applicant.
Final Decision: The Criminal Application was disposed of, and the non-applicant was directed to transfer a sum of Rs.15,000.00 per month to the bank account of the applicant No.1 within 10 days from the date of receipt of salary or on the 10th day of each month, commencing from January 2023.
JUDGMENT
1. Heard.
2. Rule. Rule made returnable forthwith. Heard finally by consent of learned Advocates for the parties.
3. The applicants are aggrieved by the order dtd. 23/2/2022 passed in Criminal Appeal No.88/2020 by the learned Additional Sessions Judge-2 Amravati, whereby learned Judge was pleased to set aside the order dtd. 03/10/2020 passed below Exh. 7 in PWDV execution (Misc. Criminal Application) No.17/2018 by the Judicial Magistrate, First Class, Morshi.
4. Learned Judicial Magistrate, First Class vide order dtd. 03/10/2020 had directed the Registrar (Finance and Account Officer) of Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati to deduct a sum of Rs.15, 000.00 per month from the salary of the non-applicant.
5. The applicants had made an application under Ss. 12, 15, 17, 19, 20 and 22 of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 (for short "D.V. Act"). The said application was partly allowed. Learned Magistrate inter-alia directed the non-applicant to pay a sum of Rs.9, 000.00 p.m. to the applicant No.1, Rs.4, 000.00 p.m. to the applicant No.2 towards maintenance from the date of the application i.e. 17/07/2015 and Rs.2, 000.00 p.m. to the applicant No.1 towards the rent for separate residence. The non-applicant fell in arrears. The applicants therefore, made an application for the recovery of the arrears and monthly maintenance from his salary. Learned Magistrate, as stated above, was pleased to grant the application. Learned Additional Sessions Judge -2 Amravati set aside the said order on the ground that Magistrate cannot issue the direction for attachment of salary in respect of the future maintenance. The learned Judge, however, held that warrant of attachment of salary can be issued for the purpose of recovery of the arrears of maintenance.
6. As far as the legal position is concerned, the same has been dealt with in the case of Bhagwat Baburao Gaikwad Vs. Baburao Bhaiyya Gaikwad, 1993 SCC Online Bom.346. Learned Judge relying upon this decision did not agree with the order passed by learned Magistrate. In my view, on merits no interference is warranted in the impugned order passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge.
7. It is to be noted that despite having an order in favour of the applicants every now and then they are required to knock the doors of the Court by initiating the execution proceedings. The arrears, as can be seen from the record, when the order was passed, were to the tune of Rs.2, 74, 500.00. It needs to be stated that the arrears were paid. However, this indicates that despite of the order granting maintenance having attained the finality, there has been delay on the part of the non-applicant to comply the said order. It is to be noted that learned Additional Sessions Judge, while passing the impugned order, ought to have issued certain directions to non-applicant and taken care of the hardships and the difficulties faced by the applicants. It is not out of place to mention that the non-applicant is Assistant Professor in Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati. In my view, the grievance made by the applicants needs to be appropriately redressed.
8. Learned advocate for the applicants submitted that non-applicant needs to be directed to deposit the arrears within 10 days from the date of receipt of salary and deposit the same directly by online mode in the account of applicant No.1. Learned Advocate further, submitted that the non-applicant needs to be directed to clear the arrears up to 31/12/2022, which are around Rs.1, 05, 000.00.
9. Learned Advocate for the non-applicant in all fairness submits that arrears are around Rs.1, 00, 000.00. However, he submits that the parties be directed to file the statement of arrears before learned Magistrate and on doing so, the non-applicant may be permitted to deposit the arrears in two installments. First installment be directed to be paid by the end of 31/01/2023 and second installment be directed to be paid by 28/02/2023.
10. Accor
The court's power to issue directions for attachment of salary under the D.V. Act is limited to recovery of arrears of maintenance, not for future maintenance.
The court upheld the authority to modify maintenance payment orders under the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, ensuring obligations are met through structured installments.
The court underscored the necessity for fair judicial process in domestic violence cases, mandating timely payment of due maintenance to ensure justice for the aggrieved party.
The court emphasized the importance of compliance with maintenance orders and directed the respondent to pay 20% of the arrears of maintenance within 20 days.
Judicial Magistrates have the authority to issue non-bailable warrants for recovery of maintenance under the Domestic Violence Act, and enforcement procedures can follow the Criminal Procedure Code.
Duty of the petitioner, a Deputy Superintendent of Police, to pay maintenance without further demand, considering his substantial monthly income.
Timely compliance with maintenance orders is crucial; failure results in dismissal of appeals.
Arrears of maintenance under Section 125(3) must be sought within one year; failure to do so precludes enforcement, and maintenance claims cannot be sought via criminal proceedings designated for civ....
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