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2023 Supreme(Bom) 1930

IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
Abhay Ahuja, J.
Reliance Gen Insurance Co Ltd - Appellant
Versus
Nitin Madhukar Dighe & Ors. - Respondents
First Appeal No.1738 of 2019
Decided On : 05-10-2023

Advocates appeared:
Ms.Shalini Shankar, Advocate for the Appellant. Ms.Varsha Chavan, Advocate for the Respondents no.1 and 2

IMPORTANT POINT
The court established that documentary evidence, including salary slips and Form 16, is adequate for determining compensation in motor accident claims, and affirmed the entitlement of parents to compensation for loss of filial consortium following the death of a child.

Headnote:

MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENT - COMPENSATION CLAIM - Motor Vehicles Act, 1988; National Insurance Company Limited vs. Pranay Sethi (2017); Magma General Insurance Company Limited vs. Nanu Ram (2018) - The court discussed the provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act, emphasizing the need for just compensation for victims of motor accidents. It highlighted the importance of documentary evidence such as salary slips and Form 16 in determining the deceased's income. The court also interpreted the principles established in landmark cases regarding loss of consortium, affirming the right of parents to claim compensation for the loss of their child’s companionship. The court's decision was influenced by the need to ensure fair compensation in line with established legal precedents.

Fact of the Case:

The Insurance Company appealed against the MACT's award of compensation for the death of Anuj Nitin Dighe in a motor vehicle accident caused by the negligent driving of the offending vehicle. The Insurance Company did not dispute the accident's occurrence but contested the compensation amount awarded.

Finding of the Court:

The court upheld the Tribunal's findings regarding the deceased's average monthly salary of Rs.19,000, based on salary slips and Form 16, and confirmed the Tribunal's decision to award Rs.31,08,000 in total compensation, including additional amounts for loss of filial consortium.

Issues: Whether the Tribunal correctly determined the deceased's average monthly salary and whether the compensation awarded was adequate, particularly regarding loss of consortium for the deceased's parents.

Ratio Decidendi: The court affirmed that documentary evidence such as salary slips and Form 16 is sufficient to establish income for compensation purposes. It also recognized the right to claim loss of filial consortium, establishing that parents are entitled to compensation for the loss of companionship of their deceased child.

Final Decision: The appeal by the Insurance Company was dismissed, and the Tribunal's award was modified to include additional compensation for loss of filial consortium, totaling Rs.31,08,000 plus Rs.40,000 each for the father and mother of the deceased.

JUDGMENT

1. This First Appeal has been preferred by the Insurance Company impugning the judgment and award dated 29th June 2019 passed by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Mumbai, (the 'MACT/ 'Tribunal') in Motor Accident Claim Petition No.84 of 2015.

2. At the outset, Ms.Shalini Shankar, learned Counsel for the Appellant, would submit that, although before the Tribunal, the Appellant Insurance Company filed written statement and took defences including statutory defences with respect to driving license, non-joinder of party, however, on instructions, she submits that the Appellant Insurance Company is not denying that the deceased Mr.Anuj Nitin Dighe died in the motor vehicular accident, due to the rash and negligent driving of the motor tanker bearing no.MH-43-U-4217 (the 'offending vehicle') by its driver, as held by the Tribunal, but is only questioning the quantum of compensation awarded to the Respondent claimants.

3. Learned Counsel draws the attention of this Court to paragraph 5 and 14 of the impugned judgment and would submit that while arriving at the average monthly salary of the deceased at Rs.19,000/-per month, the Tribunal has not taken into account that no income tax return of the deceased was adduced in evidence. Learned Counsel would submit that the evidence of appointment letter, salary slips of the deceased for the period April to June 2014 or even Form 16 is not evidence which is satisfactory to hold that the average monthly salary of the deceased was Rs.19,000/- per month. In support, learned Counsel refers to the examination-in-chief of Mr.Abhishek Khopkar, Coordinator, HR, working with Convergys India Services Private Limited, the deceased's employer, who has stated that no income tax return of the deceased was adduced.

4. On the other hand, Ms.Varsha Chavan, learned Counsel for the Respondent claimants, would submit that although there is no income tax return produced in evidence but since the deceased was an employee of Convergys at Thane, receiving salary income for which pay slips, as mentioned above, have been adduced and proved, Form 16 containing the Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) with respect to the TDS deducted on the salary paid to the deceased would be a sufficient document which can be relied on, and therefore, it was not necessary to adduce the income tax return. Learned Counsel would submit that it is clear from the affidavit of Abhishek Khopkar (AW2) as well as his examination-in-chief and the cross-examination that the salary slips for the months of April, May and June 2014 as well as Form 16 for the Assessment year 2013-14 had all been proved. No objection was raised at any point of time to this and none of these documents can be challenged at the Appeal stage. Learned Counsel for the Respondent claimants therefore, submits that the average monthly salary of Rs.19,000/- per month, as held by the Tribunal, requires no interference. Learned Counsel would, however, submit that, the Tribunal has, on the basis of the Constitutional Bench judgment of the Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of National Insurance Company Limited vs. Pranay Sethi and Others, (2017) 16 Supreme Court Cases 680, awarded Rs.15,000/- towards loss of estate and Rs.15,000/- towards funeral expenses but omitted to award any amount towards loss of filial consortium which is a right of the parents, as contained in the decision of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Magma General Insurance Company Limited vs. Nanu Ram alias Chuhru Ram and Others, (2018) 18 Supreme Court Cases and requests that while dismissing the Appeal, this Court may award Rs.40,000/- each to the father and mother of the deceased.

5. I have heard the learned Counsel at length and with their able assistance perused the papers and proceedings and considered the rival contentions.

6. It is not in dispute that Anuj Nitin Dighe, who was along with his colleagues proceeding in motor car which his colleague Ajay Pinto was driving, on 2nd July 2014, at about 04.45 ho

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