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2025 Supreme(Bom) 1565

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
MILIND N. JADHAV, J.
Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai – Appellant
Versus
Kalpita Enclave Co-operative Housing Society and Others – Respondents
Appeal From Order (ST) No. 30859 of 2025, Interim Application (ST) Nos. 30861, 30862, 36164 of 2025, Interim Application No. 13090 of 2025
Decided On : 15-12-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : Drupad Patil, Vagale, Neeta Jadhav, Komal Punjabi
For the Respondents: Rohan Savant, Sushil Singh, Abhijeet Mahadeokar, Vijay Sharma, Vishal Kanade, Maulik Vora, Pramodkumar

The court emphasized that public interest in access to a completed public road outweighs private claims, disallowing obstruction based on width specifications set by plaintiffs.

Headnote:(A) Municipal Corporation Act, 1888 - Section 314 - Appeal from order challenging the trial court's directive restraining the corporation from demolishing structures on a public road until the development of the road is complete. The trial court incorrectly interpreted prior orders regarding the road's development. (Paras 1, 2, 28)

(B) Public Interest - The need to open a public road for pedestrians and vehicular traffic outweighs the private interests of neighboring societies. Plaintiffs cannot block a public road demanding the completion of the entire DP road at a specific width before removing their obstructions. (Paras 36, 40)

(C) Judicial Conduct - Courts require parties to approach with clean hands and not to misinterpret judicial orders to their advantage. The plaintiffs' insistence on a specific road width constitutes defiance of the court's direction. (Paras 38, 39)

Facts of the case:
This appeal challenged the order of the trial court that temporarily protected the plaintiffs' structures while the Corporation worked on adjacent road development. The plaintiffs argued the lack of road width development justified their obstruction.

Findings of Court:
The court found the trial court’s order was based on incorrect interpretations of prior orders and upheld the Corporation's right to remove the obstruction to the road.

Issues: Whether the impugned order restraining the Corporation from acting was justifiable given the public interest in opening the road?

Ratio Decidendi: The right of the public to access a completed road supersedes the plaintiffs’ claim that the road width must meet certain specifications before removal of their structures.

Result: The appeal is allowed; the injunction against the Corporation is lifted, and plaintiffs must remove their structures.

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The Court allowed the appeal; lifted the injunction against the Municipal Corporation and directed the plaintiffs to remove their structures. (!) (!) (!) - The Court quashed and set aside the impugned order dated 31.07.2025 and dismissed the Notion Motion No.315 of 2025. (!) (!) - The Court held that the road, though 10.84 m wide, is sufficient for public use; the requirement of a uniform 13.40 m width is not enforceable. (!) (!) (!) - The Court directed the plaintiffs to remove the three obstructing structures within one week, or the Corporation may remove them with police assistance. (!) - The Court held that plaintiffs have no right or title to the road area since ownership vested in the Corporation in 1984. (!) (!) (!) - The Court rejected the plaintiffs’ request for a stay and allowed all interim applications. (!) (!)

What is the justification for restraining the Municipal Corporation from removing obstructive structures on a public road?

What is the legal effect of the court’s direction that the public’s right to access a completed road supersedes private claims regarding road width?

What are the rights of the plaintiffs to retain their structures until the completion of the DP road with the specified width of 13.40 meters?


Table of Content
1. details of ongoing dispute and parties involved (Para 2 , 3)
2. arguments of the municipal corporation on the interpretation of previous orders (Para 4 , 5)
3. claims of plaintiffs about the necessity to retain structures until development is complete (Para 6 , 7)
4. background of plaintiffs' claims regarding land ownership and structures (Para 18 , 19 , 20)
5. court's interpretation of land ownership and lawful removal of encroachments (Para 21 , 22 , 27)
6. final judgment to quash the lower court's order and directives for compliance (Para 39 , 40 , 41)

JUDGMENT :

MILIND N. JADHAV, J.

1. Heard Mr. Patil, learned Advocate for Appellant – Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai; Mr. Savant, learned Advocate for Respondent Nos.1, 2 and 3 (Plaintiffs) in Appeal From Order; Mr. Sharma, learned Advocate for Applicants – Intervenors in Interim Application (St.) No.36164 of 2025 and Mr. Kanade, learned Advocate for Applicant in Interim Application No.13090 of 2025.

2. Present Appeal From Order is filed by Appellant – Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (for short ‘Corporation’) i.e. Original Defendant to challenge order dated 31.07.2025 passed by City Civil Court, Borivali Division, Dindoshi, Goregaon, Mumbai in Notice of Motion No.315 of 2025 in L.C. Suit No.2032 of 2023 partly allowing the said Notice of Motion and injuncting the Corporation from taking any action against the Suit structures i.e. security cabin, entrance gate and MS tin sheet Gate until completion of development and construction of road measuring 13.40 meters as per Development Plan and as per the directions of this Court by order dated 03.10.2023 in Appeal From Order No.811 of 2023. Corporation’s case is that without considering material facts and documents on record, the impugned order is passed restraining Corporation from complying with directions contained in order dated 03.10.2023 passed by this Court in previous proceedings. Order dated 03.10.2023 is the precursor order which is the subject matter of interpretation and dispute.

3. Interim Application No.13090 of 2025 is filed by Panom Developers LLP seeking intervention in the present Appeal From Order being an interested party seeking to set aside the impugned order dated 31.07.2025. Panom Developers LLP is the Developer of the adjoining plot who has completed a SRA scheme successfully on the said plot. Interim Application (St.) No.36164 of 2025 filed Shiv Siddhi Vinayak Co-operative Housing Society Ltd. 7 Co-operative Housing Societies and one (1) Tenant Association seeking to intervene and challenge the impugned order being aggrieved with the inaction and failure of the Corporation to open up the connector DP road between Sahar Road and Sai Mandir Road at Andheri (East) which is already acquired by the Corporation and now stands developed.

4. Mr. Patil, learned Advocate for the Corporation being aggrieved with the impugned order would submit that Plaintiffs were directed to retain the impugned structures only till the time Corporation completes development and construction of the DP Road on the adjoining plot. He would draw my attention to the order dated 03.10.2023 to contend that this Court has not contemplated that development and construction of the road line has to be completed having width of 13.40 meters in the directions given by Court.

4.1. He would submit that Trial Court has incorrectly and wrongly interpreted directions in the order dated 03.10.2023 while passing the impugned order by observing that unless and until the 13.40 meters wide DP road is constructed, the impugned structures would stand protected. He would submit that order dated 03.10.2023 is completely bereft of the width of the road and all that it directs is construction and development of DP Road and handing over the same by the Developer developing the adjacent SRA plot to the Corporation.

4.2. He would submit that once that is done, there is no reason whatsoever for Plaintiffs to persist with impugned strictures and

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