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2025 Supreme(Bom) 1834

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
ARUN R. PEDNEKER, J.
Shree Datta Deosthan Trust, Through its authorized Trustee Secretary, Shri Sanjay Kshirsagar - Petitioner
Versus
Shri Murlidhar Eknath Rishipathak and Anr. – Respondents
Writ Petition No. 9543 of 2025, Writ Petition No. 9544 of 2025, Writ Petition No. 9545 of 2025, Writ Petition No. 9564 of 2025 With Civil Application No.10580 of 2025, Writ Petition No. 9565 of 2025, Writ Petition No. 9979 of 2025, Writ Petition No. 9980 of 2025
Decided On : 24-12-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr. N.B. Khandare, Senior Adv. i/b. Mr. Parag Barde, Ms. Akshara Madake, Mr. C.V. Dharurkar.
For the Respondents: Mr. R.N. Dhorde, Senior Adv. i/b. Mr. Anirudha A. Nimbalkar, Mr. P.S. Shendurnikar, Mr. K.N. Lokhande.

Trustees cannot unilaterally remove a permanent trustee without proper authority and adherence to legal procedures outlined in the Maharashtra Public Trusts Act.

Headnote:(A) Maharashtra Public Trusts Act - Section 22 and Section 41D - Removal of trustees - Multiple change reports rejected by the authorities due to lack of procedure and authority under the trust document. Trustees cannot unilaterally remove permanent trustees without proper authority and adherence to legal procedure. Both authorities concluded that removal was orchestrated and lacked legal validity. (Paras 9, 14, 24, 34)

(B) Legal principles of trust management - Conduct of trustees must adhere to both the trust instrument and statutory provisions. The Assistant Charity Commissioner holds powers to remove trustees only through adequate legal procedures outlined in the Act. Authority to assess control of public trusts is vested in the Charity Commissioner. (Paras 15, 17, 18)

Facts of the case:
The petitions concern the rejection of change reports for removing and appointing trustees within a religious trust. The authority concluded these changes violated due process and the trust's governing rules.

Findings of Court:
The court upheld the authority's decision, ruling removal of the permanent trustee was invalid without following legally mandated procedures, resulting in cascading effects on subsequent appointments.

Issues: The court considered whether the trust document permitted the removal of a permanent trustee and if the actions were compliant with statutory requirements.

Ratio Decidendi: It was determined that permanent trustees remain until voluntarily resigned or removed via appropriate legal channels; unilateral removal undermines trust governance and violates the law.

Result: Writ petitions dismissed, with directives for modification of the trust document and future governance intended to protect interests.

Table of Content
1. change reports concerning trustee removals and appointments. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. arguments for removal of permanent trustee milind kshirsagar. (Para 6 , 7 , 8)
3. court's interpretation of trust constitution regarding permanent trustees. (Para 9 , 13 , 14)
4. findings on the validity of trustee removal process. (Para 20 , 21)
5. directions for amending trust constitution and future appointments. (Para 32 , 34)

JUDGMENT :

ARUN R. PEDNEKER, J.

1. Rule. Rule made returnable forthwith. With consent of parties heard finally.

2. All these petitions are taken up together as they are inter connected and relates to sequential change reports filed of the Petitioner / Trust under Section 22 of the Maharashtra Public Trusts Act.

Writ Petition No.9544 of 2025 relates to Change Report No.557/2003, whereby removal of the trustee Milind Govind Kshirsagar was reported by trustee Vitthal Laxman Atre. At the relevant time the other trustees were Madhukar Narhar Phadke (Secretary), Suhas Gangadhar Bhagwat, Sharad Ramchandra Pendse, Vilas Vinayak Dange, Vitthal Laxman Atre, Sudhir Malhar Kulkarni and Shrikant Nagesh Dharmadhikari.

Writ Petition No.9565 of 2025 relates to Change Report No.750 of 2003, whereby the reporting trustee Vitthal Laxman Atre reported a new appointment of Sudhir Vinayak Kshirsagar in the vacant place of Milind Govind Kshirsagar.

Writ Petition No.9543 of 2025 relates to Change Report No.722/2005, whereby the reporting trustee Shri Vitthal Laxman Atre reported names of the retiring trustees as Madhukar Narhar Phadke, Sudhir Malhar Kulkarni, Vilas Vinayak Dange and the re-appointed trustees as Sudhir Malhar Kulkarni, Vilas Vinayak Dange including the newly appointed trustee namely Shrikant Digambar Kavthekar.

Writ Petition No.9564 of 2025 relates to Change Report No.956/2006, whereby new appointment is made of Sanjay Shivaji Kshirsagar on the place of Purushottam Berde, who had resigned earlier and the change is reported by Shrikant Kavthekar.

Writ Petition No.9979/2025 relates to Change Report No.634/2007, whereby name of Suhas Gangadhar Bhagwat is removed from trusteeship on account of his resignation. Writ Petition No.9545 of 2025 relates to Change Report No.1022/2008, whereby retiring and re-appointment of trustees, are reported. The re-appointed trustees are Sanjay Shivaji Kshirsgar, Sudhir Vinayak Kshirsgar and new appointments are Shrirang Gangadhar Jeste, Sudhir Mali and Vinod Purushottam Namjoshi.

Writ Petition No.9980 of 2025 relates to Change Report No.1281/2011, wherein retirement and appointment of trustees are reported. Retiring trustees are Shrirang Gangadhar Jeste, Vilasvinayak Dange, Shrikant Digambar Kavathekar and new appointments being Nitin Shrinivas Jogalekar and Prakash Maheshwar Pradhan.

3. By the respective impugned orders, all the above change reports are rejected by the Deputy Charity Commissioner, so also, by the appellate authority i.e. the Joint Charity Commissioner. Against the concurrent orders passed by the authorities below the present writ petitions are filed and they are taken up together as in the course of discussion of this Judgment. It would be seen that acceptance or rejection of each change report will have cascading effect on the next change report being accepted or rejected.

CHANGE REPORT NO.557/2003

4. The trust resolved to file the Change Report in the office of the Deputy Charity Commissioner, reporting the change of removal of Milind Kshirsagar (Respondent No.1). It was also resolved that Trustee Shri Vithal Atre will be the reporting trustee of the Change Report. On 10.06.2022, Change Report No.557/2003 was filed.

Milind Kshirsagar filed a written statement and opposed the change report.

On 18.02.2010, the learned Assistant Charity Commissioner rejected the Change Report No.557/2003. Aggrieved by this Judgment of the Assistant Charity Commissioner, the petitioner herein preferred an Appeal No.01/2010 before the learned Joint Charity Commissioner, Pune Region, Pune. The app

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