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1970 Supreme(Pat) 50

PATNA HIGH COURT
B.D.Singh, J.
Sardar Guru Dayal Singh
Versus
Ramchandra Kushiari
Appeal From Original Order No. 236 of 1967 ;
Decided On : MARCH 27, 1970

Headnote:

EXECUTION OF DECREE - LIMITATION - ARTICLE 182 OF THE LIMITATION ACT, 1908 - DATE OF DECREE - WHETHER THE DATE OF DECREE IS THE DATE OF PRONOUNCEMENT OF JUDGMENT OR THE DATE ON WHICH THE DECREE IS SIGNED - INTERPRETATION OF ORDER 20, RULE 7 OF THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, 1908 - WHETHER THE DECREE-HOLDER WAS MISLED BY THE WRONG DATE MENTIONED IN THE DECREE - WHETHER THE DECREE-HOLDER COULD HAVE LEVIED EXECUTION IN THE ABSENCE OF A DECREE.

Fact of the Case:

The appellant, a decree-holder, filed an execution petition in 1966 to execute a decree passed in 1952. The respondents, judgment-debtors, objected to the execution on the ground that it was barred by limitation under Article 182 of the Limitation Act, 1908. The appellant contended that the limitation period should run from the date the decree was signed in 1963, not from the date of the judgment in 1952. The appellant also argued that he could have levied execution even in the absence of a decree.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the date of the decree is the date of the judgment, not the date on which the decree is signed. The court relied on Order 20, Rule 7 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, which states that the decree shall bear the date on which the judgment was pronounced. The court also held that the appellant was not misled by the wrong date mentioned in the decree because he was aware of the date of the judgment and the provisions of Article 182 of the Limitation Act, 1908. Finally, the court held that the appellant could have levied execution even in the absence of a decree.

Issues: 1. Whether the date of the decree is the date of pronouncement of judgment or the date on which the decree is signed? 2. Whether the decree-holder was misled by the wrong date mentioned in the decree? 3. Whether the decree-holder could have levied execution in the absence of a decree?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The date of the decree is the date of the judgment, not the date on which the decree is signed. This is because Order 20, Rule 7 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, states that the decree shall bear the date on which the judgment was pronounced. 2. The decree-holder was not misled by the wrong date mentioned in the decree because he was aware of the date of the judgment and the provisions of Article 182 of the Limitation Act, 1908. 3. The decree-holder could have levied execution even in the absence of a decree.

Final Decision: The appeal was dismissed, and the order of the lower court was upheld.

Judgment

B.D.Singh, J.

1. This appeal by the sole appellant who was decree-holder in the executing court, is directed against the order of learned Subordinate Judge, dated 20-5-67 passed in Miscellaneous Case No. 1004 of 1966, holding that the execution levied by the appellant in Execution Case No. 59 of 1966 was barred under the provisions of Article 182 of the Indian Limitation Act, 1908 (hereinafter to be referred to as the Act). The respondents were the judgment-debtors in the said execution case.

2. In order to appreciate the points for decision in this appeal, it will be necessary to set out the facts in brief. The appellant instituted Misc. Case No. 20 of 1950 in the court of Subordinate Judge, Hazaribagh for appointment of arbitrator for examining the accounts of the partnership business maintained by Mahendra Lal Kushiari, for recovery and deciding disputes between the parties and for valuing the effects, and goodwill of the partnership business to enable the appellant to purchase the interest of Mahendra Lal Kushiari at half the valuation so made minus any sum that might be found due from Mahendra Lal Kushiari to the appellant. The Subordinate Judge appointed arbitrators, who submitted award on 25-2-1952. Objection was raised to the award. However, the court overruled the objection, and confirmed the award by order dated the llth July, 1952. The decree was prepared and signed on 12-10-63.

According to the decree the appellant was entitled to recover a total sum of Rs. 7,895/- from Mahendra Lal Kushiari. The appellant put the decree in execution on 20-9-66 in Execution Case No. 59 of 1966 against the respondents, they being the sons, daughters and widow of Mahendra Lal Kushiari who died before the execution was levied. Ram-chandra Kushiari respondent No. 1, one of the sons of Mahendra Lal Kushiari, on being served with a notice under Order 21, Rule 22 of the Civil Procedure Code (hereinafter referred to as the Code), filed an objection to the maintainability of the said execution case. His objection was registered as Misc. Case No. 1004 of 1966. Respondent No. 1 in the rejoinder application inter alia pleaded that the said execution case was barred under Article 182 of the Act, and that Mahendra Lal Kushiari having died on 19-2-62 prior to the drawing up of the decree the decree was a nullity, having been drawn up against a dead person.

No rejoinder to the said application of respondent No. 1 was filed on behalf of the appellant. However, they appeared before the court of Subordinate Judge, and opposed the contention advanced on behalf of respondent No. 1. The learned Subordinate Judge after hearing the parties held that the decree was not a nullity, but the execution of the decree was barred under Article 182 of the Act. Hence, this appeal.

3. Mr. Prem Lall, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant, assailed the impugned order of the learned Subordinate Judge, and contended that he erred in holding that the execution was time barred under Article 182 of the Act. He submitted that the learned Subordinate Judge was in error in holding the date of the decree to be llth July, 1952, based on the date on which the award was confirmed. According to him, the date of the decree was 12th of October. 1963 on which date apparently the decree was drawn up and signed. According to him, from 12th of October, 1963 the period of three years prescribed under Article 182 of the Act would start running. Therefore, the execution application which was filed by the appellant on 20-9-66 was within the prescribed period and it was not barred by limitation under Article 182 of the Act. The appellant could not have levied the execution in the absence of the decree. The appellant was not in any way to be blamed. For the laches of the court or its officers in not preparing the decree earlier to enable the appellant to execute the decree within the prescribed period of limitation the appellant should not be made to suffer.

In order to


































































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