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2021 Supreme(Pat) 65

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
Birendra Kumar, J.
Ramchandra Mandal - Appellant
Versus
State of Bihar - Respondent
Criminal Revision No. 14 of 2019
Decided On : 22-03-2021

Advocates Appeared:
Sandeep Kumar, Advocate, Arvind Kumar, Advocate, Anil Kumar Roy, Advocate, Umanath Mishra, Advocate

Headnote:

Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 – Sections 10/13 and 25 – Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Section 414 – Arms Act, 1959 – Sections 25(1-AA)/(1-AAA), 26(2) and 35 – Recovery of Pistol, accessories and Naxal literature – Investigating Officer of case could exercise power of seizure only if offence appears to have been committed as mentioned in Chapter IV or Chapter VI of UAP Act – In this case, no offence under Chapter IV or Chapter VI of UAP Act is alleged against accused persons – Exercise entered into by Investigating Officer in making seizure of property from house of accused is wholly illegal and without jurisdiction – Section 25 of UAP Act requires that Investigating Officer must have reason to believe that any property in relation to which an investigation is being conducted represents proceeds of terrorism – Reason to believe must be on the basis of specific, reliable and relevant information – Police report submitted in the case does not show, specially, evidence collected till the date of making of prayer for confirmation of seizure that any specific reliable or relevant information was there to form a believe that property seized from house of accused were proceeds of terrorism – In absence of any connection between act alleged and property recovered, it cannot be assumed that those properties were acquired by terrorist act – Investigating Officer has not assigned any reason to believe the fact nor authority who confirmed seizure applied its mind that there was no material to substantiate that seizure was consistent with law contained in Section 25 of UAP Act – Impugned order suffers from arbitrariness and illegality and it cannot be sustained – There is no evidence that to which of unlawful association accused were supplying arms – It cannot be ascertained whether that association was declared unlawful association or not – Likewise, Section 13 of UAP Act which provides punishment for unlawful activities is, prima facie, not attracted in absence of identity of unlawful association – Since Investigating Officer exceeded jurisdiction of search under Section 25 of UAP Act and Designated Authority without applying its mind confirmed seizure against law, their action is arbitrary and illegal – Lower Appellate Court did not consider the legal issue in correct perspective – Impugned order is not sustainable in law – Seized property be released in favour of petitioners at the earliest – Petitioners would be at liberty to initiate proceeding for damages against erring opposite parties for putting illegal seize over property of petitioners which might have caused mental, physical and economic agony/loss to petitioners. (Paras 10, 11 to 17)

JUDGMENT

Birendra Kumar, J. - A brief backdrop of the case, leading to this application under Section 397 read with Section 401 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, is that the Station House Officer of Naya Ram Nagar Police Station, on the basis of his self statement, registered Naya Ram Nagar P.S. Case No. 93 of 2012 on 26.07.2012 for offences under Section 414 of the Indian Penal Code, Sections 10/13 of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (hereinafter referred to as the "UAP Act") and Sections 25(1-AA)/(1-AAA), 26(2) and 35 of the Arms Act, 1959.

2. According to the prosecution case, accused Kundan Mandal and other named persons were reported to be moving in the area to supply arms and explosives to the Nuxals. After making an entry in the station diary, the informant along with the police team proceeded towards NH-80. Near Sweta Bengal Sweets, the police put an ambush and noticed that a vehicle was entering in the lane by the side of the aforesaid Sweets shop. Looking at the police party, three persons from the vehicle started fleeing and managed their escape. One of them was identified as Kundan Mandal. One Dilip Kumar Sah and Vishal Kumar were arrested by the police and they disclosed that Kundan Mandal, Kundan Jha and another Vikash Kumar, son of Kailash Tanti were the persons, who fled away. Nothing was recovered from the physical possession of the arrested persons. However, from the vehicle, a pistol along with other accessories were recovered for which the arrested accused could not show any paper. Besides that some Nuxal literature were also seized from the vehicle and the arrested persons disclosed that they used to supply arms to the Nuxals.

3. A seizure of the seized vehicle on which the accused persons were travelling, the firearm and its accessories and Nuxal literature was made. On the same day i.e. 26.07.2012, the house of Kundan Mandal was searched from where laptop, cash, ATM cards, Pan cards, 34 deposit bonds in Sahara India Family, Pass Book of bank accounts in Punjab National Bank and other banks including Gramin Bank were seized. On 26.08.2012, a third seizure was made in respect of the tractor from the house of Kundan Mandal.

4. By letter dated 21.08.2012, the Investigating Officer sought for approval of the seizure from the Designated Authority under Section 25 of the UAP Act, 1967. On the same day i.e. 21.08.2012, the Superintendent of Police, Munger wrote a letter to the Director General of Police, Bihar, Patna for ex post facto approval of the seizure made above, though, Section 25 of the UAP Act requires prior approval of the Director General of Police by the Investigating Officer making seizure. The seizure was confirmed by order dated 17.10.2012 in Case No. 05 of 2012 by the Designated Authority-cum-Principal Secretary, Government of Bihar vide order at Annexure P/6.

5. The petitioners challenged the aforesaid order dated 17.10.2012 in Cr. Appeal No. 130 of 2012 filed under Section 25(6) of the UAP Act before the learned Sessions Judge, Munger. The Appellate Court vide order dated 10.01.2013 dismissed the appeal on the ground that it has no jurisdiction to entertain the appeal against the order of the Designated Authority. Then the petitioners challenged the appellate court's order before this Court in Cr.W.J.C. No. 1197 of 2012. In the writ application, vide order dated 24.09.2013, this Court directed the learned Sessions Judge to re-hear and decide Cr. Appeal No. 130 of 2012 on merit. Thereafter, the aforesaid criminal appeal was re-registered as Cr. Appeal No. 130A of 2012 and the appeal was dismissed on merit by the impugned order dated 03.11.2018. Hence, this criminal revision application.

6. Mr. Sandeep Kumar, learned counsel for the petitioners contends that the entire exercise of action of seizure from the house of accused Kundan Mandal and its confirmation by the Designated Authority suffers from arbitrariness and illegality. Section 25 of the UAP Act does not apply to offences commit

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Judicial Analysis

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